本页面介绍如何手动向现有 AlloyDB Omni 安装添加 PostGIS 扩展程序。借助 PostGIS 扩展程序,您可以存储地理空间数据、将其编入索引以及查询地理空间数据。
您可以使用以下任一方法安装 PostGIS:
- 在 Docker 或 Podman CLI 中使用 Debian 选项。Docker 依赖于守护程序,并且大多数操作都需要根权限,而 Podman 是无守护程序且无根的。
- 使用 Red Hat 通用基础映像 (UBI)。UBI 容器基础操作系统映像基于 Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 的部分内容构建。
准备工作
在系统上安装 AlloyDB Omni。
将 PostGIS 添加到 AlloyDB Omni 安装
如需将 PostGIS 扩展程序添加到 AlloyDB Omni 安装,请按照以下步骤操作:
查找已安装的 AlloyDB Omni 版本标签:
Docker
docker run --rm -it google/alloydbomni cat VERSION.txt
Podman
podman run --rm -it google/alloydbomni cat VERSION.txt
输出类似于以下内容:
AlloyDB Omni version: 16.3.0
记下 AlloyDB Omni 版本号,因为您在下一步中需要用到它。
设置
OMNI_VERSION
环境变量:OMNI_VERSION=VERSION
将
VERSION
替换为来自上一步的完整数据库服务器版本,例如16.3.0
。构建包含 PostGIS 扩展程序的自定义 Docker 映像:
mkdir ~/alloydb-omni-postgis cd ~/alloydb-omni-postgis sudo dnf install -y subscription-manager sudo subscription-manager register --username EMAIL --password PASSWORD --auto-attach sudo mkdir -p entitlement rhsm-conf rhsm-ca sudo cp -r /etc/pki/entitlement/* entitlement/ sudo cp -r /etc/rhsm/rhsm.conf rhsm-conf/ sudo cp -r /etc/rhsm/ca/* rhsm-ca/ cat <<EOF > Dockerfile FROM google/alloydbomni:16.3.0-ubi COPY ./entitlement /etc/pki/entitlement COPY ./rhsm-conf /etc/rhsm COPY ./rhsm-ca /etc/rhsm/ca RUN arch=$(uname -m) && \ subscription-manager repos --enable codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-${arch}-rpms && \ dnf install -y \ https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-9-${arch}/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm && \ dnf install -y postgresql16-server postgis34_16 && \ dnf clean all # On RHEL-based systems, PostgreSQL extensions like Orafce and PostGIS are typically installed in /usr/pgsql-16/share/extension and /usr/pgsql-16/lib. # This step creates symbolic links to those files in the paths expected by AlloyDB Omni, # which lets AlloyDB Omni locate extension control files and shared libraries without duplicating data. RUN for file in /usr/pgsql-16/share/extension/*; do \ target="/usr/lib/postgresql/16/share/extension/$(realpath -m --relative-to=/usr/pgsql-16/share/extension/ "$file")"; \ if [ ! -e "$target" ]; then \ ln -s "$file" "$target" || (echo "Failed to link \"$file\" to \"$target\", exiting." && exit 1); \ else \ echo "$target already exists"; \ fi; \ done && \ for file in /usr/pgsql-16/lib/*; do \ target="/usr/lib/postgresql/16/lib/$(realpath -m --relative-to=/usr/pgsql-16/lib/ "$file")"; \ if [ ! -e "$target" ]; then \ ln -s "$file" "$target" || (echo "Failed to link \"$file\" to \"$target\", exiting." && exit 1); \ else \ echo "$target already exists"; \ fi; \ done EOF
创建一个名为
my-omni-postgis
的 AlloyDB Omni 容器:Docker
docker build -t google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:latest docker run --name my-omni-postgis -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=NEW_PASSWORD -d google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:OMNI_VERSION
Podman
podman run --name my-omni-postgis -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=NEW_PASSWORD -d google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:OMNI_VERSION
使用 PostGIS 扩展程序连接到您的数据库:
docker exec -it my-omni-postgis psql -h localhost -U postgres
启用 PostGIS:
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS POSTGIS; SELECT postgis_full_version();
输出类似于以下内容:
postgres=# SELECT postgis_full_version(); postgis_full_version -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- POSTGIS="3.3.2 4975da8" [EXTENSION] PGSQL="150" GEOS="3.11.1-CAPI-1.17.1" PROJ="9.1.1" LIBXML="2.9.14" LIBJSON="0.16" LIBPROTOBUF="1.4.1" WAGYU="0.5.0 (Internal)" (1 row)