为 AlloyDB Omni 安装 PostGIS

选择文档版本:

本页面介绍如何手动向现有 AlloyDB Omni 安装添加 PostGIS 扩展程序。借助 PostGIS 扩展程序,您可以存储地理空间数据、将其编入索引以及查询地理空间数据。

您可以使用以下任一方法安装 PostGIS:

  • 在 Docker 或 Podman CLI 中使用 Debian 选项。Docker 依赖于守护程序,并且大多数操作都需要根权限,而 Podman 是无守护程序且无根的。
  • 使用 Red Hat 通用基础映像 (UBI)。UBI 容器基础操作系统映像基于 Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 的部分内容构建。

准备工作

在系统上安装 AlloyDB Omni

将 PostGIS 添加到 AlloyDB Omni 安装

如需将 PostGIS 扩展程序添加到 AlloyDB Omni 安装,请按照以下步骤操作:

  1. 查找已安装的 AlloyDB Omni 版本标签:

    Docker

    docker run --rm -it  google/alloydbomni cat VERSION.txt
    

    Podman

    podman run --rm -it  google/alloydbomni cat VERSION.txt
    

    输出类似于以下内容:

    AlloyDB Omni version: 16.8.0
    

    记下 AlloyDB Omni 版本号,因为您在下一步中需要用到它。

  2. 设置 OMNI_VERSION 环境变量:

    OMNI_VERSION=VERSION
    

    VERSION 替换为来自上一步的完整数据库服务器版本,例如 16.8.0

  3. 构建包含 PostGIS 扩展程序的自定义 Docker 映像:

    mkdir ~/alloydb-omni-postgis
    
    cd ~/alloydb-omni-postgis
    
    sudo dnf install -y subscription-manager
    
    sudo subscription-manager register --username EMAIL --password PASSWORD --auto-attach
    
    sudo mkdir -p entitlement rhsm-conf rhsm-ca
        sudo cp -r /etc/pki/entitlement/* entitlement/
        sudo cp -r /etc/rhsm/rhsm.conf rhsm-conf/
        sudo cp -r /etc/rhsm/ca/* rhsm-ca/
    
    cat <<EOF > Dockerfile
        FROM google/alloydbomni:16.8.0-ubi
        COPY ./entitlement /etc/pki/entitlement
        COPY ./rhsm-conf /etc/rhsm
        COPY ./rhsm-ca /etc/rhsm/ca
        RUN arch=$(uname -m) && \
            subscription-manager repos --enable codeready-builder-for-rhel-9-${arch}-rpms && \
            dnf install -y \
            https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/reporpms/EL-9-${arch}/pgdg-redhat-repo-latest.noarch.rpm && \
            dnf install -y postgresql16-server postgis34_16 && \
            dnf clean all
        # On RHEL-based systems, PostgreSQL extensions like Orafce and PostGIS are typically installed in /usr/pgsql-16/share/extension and /usr/pgsql-16/lib.
        # This step creates symbolic links to those files in the paths expected by AlloyDB Omni,
        # which lets AlloyDB Omni locate extension control files and shared libraries without duplicating data.
        RUN for file in /usr/pgsql-16/share/extension/*; do \
           target="/usr/lib/postgresql/16/share/extension/$(realpath -m --relative-to=/usr/pgsql-16/share/extension/ "$file")"; \
           if [ ! -e "$target" ]; then \
              ln -s "$file" "$target" || (echo "Failed to link \"$file\" to \"$target\", exiting." && exit 1); \
           else \
              echo "$target already exists"; \
           fi; \
        done && \
        for file in /usr/pgsql-16/lib/*; do \
           target="/usr/lib/postgresql/16/lib/$(realpath -m --relative-to=/usr/pgsql-16/lib/ "$file")"; \
           if [ ! -e "$target" ]; then \
              ln -s "$file" "$target" || (echo "Failed to link \"$file\" to \"$target\", exiting." && exit 1); \
           else \
              echo "$target already exists"; \
           fi; \
        done
    EOF
    

  4. 创建一个名为 my-omni-postgis 的 AlloyDB Omni 容器:

    Docker

    docker build -t google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:latest
    docker run --name my-omni-postgis  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=NEW_PASSWORD  -d google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:OMNI_VERSION
    

    Podman

    podman run --name my-omni-postgis  -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=NEW_PASSWORD  -d google/alloydbomni-with-postgis:OMNI_VERSION
    
  5. 使用 PostGIS 扩展程序连接到您的数据库:

    docker exec -it my-omni-postgis psql -h localhost -U postgres
    
  6. 启用 PostGIS:

    CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS POSTGIS;
    SELECT postgis_full_version();
    

    输出类似于以下内容:

    postgres=# SELECT postgis_full_version();
    postgis_full_version
    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    POSTGIS="3.3.2 4975da8" [EXTENSION] PGSQL="150" GEOS="3.11.1-CAPI-1.17.1" PROJ="9.1.1" LIBXML="2.9.14" LIBJSON="0.16" LIBPROTOBUF="1.4.1" WAGYU="0.5.0 (Internal)"
    (1 row)