Grounding

Dalam AI generatif, grounding adalah kemampuan untuk menghubungkan output model ke output sumber informasi tertentu. Jika Anda memberi model akses ke data tertentu sumber daya tertentu, kemudian melakukan grounding untuk men-tether output-nya ke data ini dan mengurangi peluang untuk menciptakan konten.

Dengan Vertex AI, Anda dapat melakukan grounding output model dengan cara berikut:

  • Membumikan Google Penelusuran - membumikan model dengan data web yang tersedia untuk umum.
  • Dasarkan data Anda sendiri - dasarkan model dengan data Anda sendiri dari Vertex AI Search sebagai penyimpanan data (Pratinjau).

Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya tentang grounding, lihat Ringkasan ground.

Model yang Didukung:

Model Versi
Gemini 1.5 Pro hanya dengan input teks gemini-1.5-pro-001
Gemini 1.5 Flash dengan input teks saja gemini-1.5-flash-001
Gemini 1.0 Pro hanya dengan input teks gemini-1.0-pro-001
gemini-1.0-pro-002

Batasan

  • Grounding hanya mendukung sumber data yang tersedia dalam bahasa Inggris, Spanyol, dan Jepang.
  • Grounding hanya tersedia untuk permintaan teks.

Contoh sintaksis

Sintaksis untuk membumikan model.

curl

curl -X POST \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \

https://${LOCATION}-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/${PROJECT_ID}/locations/${LOCATION}/publishers/google/models/${MODEL_ID}:generateContent \
  -d '{
    "contents": [{
      ...
    }],
    "tools": [{
      "retrieval": {
      "googleSearchRetrieval": {}
        }
    }],
    "model": ""
  }'

Daftar parameter

Lihat contoh untuk mengetahui detail penerapan.

GoogleSearchRetrieval

Dasarkan respons dengan data publik.

Parameter

google_search_retrieval

Wajib: Object

Dasar dengan data web yang tersedia untuk publik.

Retrieval

Dasarkan respons dengan data pribadi dari Vertex AI Search sebagai penyimpanan data. Mendefinisikan alat pengambilan yang dapat dipanggil model untuk mengakses pengetahuan eksternal.

Parameter

source

Wajib: VertexAISearch

Ground dengan sumber data Vertex AI Search.

VertexAISearch

Parameter

datastore

Wajib: string

ID resource penyimpanan data yang memenuhi syarat dari Vertex AI Search, dalam format berikut: projects/{project}/locations/{location}/collections/default_collection/dataStores/{datastore}

Contoh

Respons dasar pada data web publik menggunakan Google Penelusuran

Dasarkan respons dengan data publik Google Penelusuran. Sertakan alat google_search_retrieval dalam permintaan. Tidak ada parameter tambahan yang diperlukan.

REST

Sebelum menggunakan salah satu data permintaan, lakukan penggantian berikut:

  • LOCATION: Region untuk memproses permintaan.
  • PROJECT_ID: Project ID Anda.
  • MODEL_ID: ID model dari model multimodal.
  • TEXT: Petunjuk teks yang harus disertakan dalam perintah.

Metode HTTP dan URL: 

POST https://LOCATION-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/publishers/google/models/MODEL_ID:generateContent

Meminta isi JSON: 

{
  "contents": [{
    "role": "user",
    "parts": [{
      "text": "TEXT"
    }]
  }],
  "tools": [{
    "googleSearchRetrieval": {}
  }],
  "model": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/publishers/google/models/MODEL_ID"
}

Untuk mengirim permintaan Anda, perluas salah satu opsi berikut:

Anda akan melihat respons JSON seperti berikut:

{
   "candidates": [
     {
       "content": {
         "role": "model",
         "parts": [
           {
             "text": "Chicago weather changes rapidly, so layers let you adjust easily. Consider a base layer, a warm mid-layer (sweater-fleece), and a weatherproof outer layer."
           }
         ]
       },
       "finishReason": "STOP",
       "safetyRatings":[
       "..."
    ],
       "groundingMetadata": {
         "webSearchQueries": [
           "What's the weather in Chicago this weekend?"
         ],
         "searchEntryPoint": {
            "renderedContent": "....................."
         }
       }
     }
   ],
   "usageMetadata": { "..."
   }
 }

Python

import vertexai

from vertexai.generative_models import (
    GenerationConfig,
    GenerativeModel,
    Tool,
    grounding,
)

# TODO (developer): update project_id
vertexai.init(project=PROJECT_ID, location="us-central1")

model = GenerativeModel("gemini-1.5-flash-001")

# Use Google Search for grounding
tool = Tool.from_google_search_retrieval(grounding.GoogleSearchRetrieval())

prompt = "When is the next total solar eclipse in US?"
response = model.generate_content(
    prompt,
    tools=[tool],
    generation_config=GenerationConfig(
        temperature=0.0,
    ),
)

print(response.text)

NodeJS 

const {VertexAI} = require('@google-cloud/vertexai');

/**
 * TODO(developer): Update these variables before running the sample.
 */
async function generateContentWithGoogleSearchGrounding(
  projectId = 'PROJECT_ID',
  location = 'us-central1',
  model = 'gemini-1.5-flash-001'
) {
  // Initialize Vertex with your Cloud project and location
  const vertexAI = new VertexAI({project: projectId, location: location});

  const generativeModelPreview = vertexAI.preview.getGenerativeModel({
    model: model,
    generationConfig: {maxOutputTokens: 256},
  });

  const googleSearchRetrievalTool = {
    googleSearchRetrieval: {},
  };

  const request = {
    contents: [{role: 'user', parts: [{text: 'Why is the sky blue?'}]}],
    tools: [googleSearchRetrievalTool],
  };

  const result = await generativeModelPreview.generateContent(request);
  const response = await result.response;
  const groundingMetadata = response.candidates[0].groundingMetadata;
  console.log(
    'Response: ',
    JSON.stringify(response.candidates[0].content.parts[0].text)
  );
  console.log('GroundingMetadata is: ', JSON.stringify(groundingMetadata));
}

Java 

import com.google.cloud.vertexai.VertexAI;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.GenerateContentResponse;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.GoogleSearchRetrieval;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.GroundingMetadata;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.Tool;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.generativeai.GenerativeModel;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.generativeai.ResponseHandler;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collections;

public class GroundingWithPublicData {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";
    String location = "us-central1";
    String modelName = "gemini-1.5-flash-001";

    groundWithPublicData(projectId, location, modelName);
  }

  // A request whose response will be "grounded" with information found in Google Search.
  public static String groundWithPublicData(String projectId, String location, String modelName)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests.
    // This client only needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (VertexAI vertexAI = new VertexAI(projectId, location)) {
      Tool googleSearchTool =
          Tool.newBuilder()
              .setGoogleSearchRetrieval(
                  // Enable using the result from this tool in detecting grounding
                  GoogleSearchRetrieval.newBuilder())
              .build();

      GenerativeModel model =
          new GenerativeModel(modelName, vertexAI)
              .withTools(Collections.singletonList(googleSearchTool));

      GenerateContentResponse response = model.generateContent("Why is the sky blue?");

      GroundingMetadata groundingMetadata = response.getCandidates(0).getGroundingMetadata();
      String answer = ResponseHandler.getText(response);

      System.out.println("Answer: " + answer);
      System.out.println("Grounding metadata: " + groundingMetadata);

      return answer;
    }
  }
}

Respons dasar pada data pribadi menggunakan Vertex AI Search

Dasarkan respons dengan data dari penyimpanan data Vertex AI Search. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat Vertex AI Agent Builder.

Sebelum Anda mendasarkan respons dengan data pribadi, buat penyimpanan data penelusuran .

REST

Sebelum menggunakan salah satu data permintaan, lakukan penggantian berikut:

  • LOCATION: Region untuk memproses permintaan.
  • PROJECT_ID: Project ID Anda.
  • MODEL_ID: ID model dari model multimodal.
  • TEXT: Petunjuk teks yang harus disertakan dalam perintah.

Metode HTTP dan URL: 

POST https://LOCATION-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/publishers/google/models/MODEL_ID:generateContent

Meminta isi JSON: 

{
  "contents": [{
    "role": "user",
    "parts": [{
      "text": "TEXT"
    }]
  }],
  "tools": [{
    "retrieval": {
      "vertexAiSearch": {
        "datastore": projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/global/collections/default_collection/dataStores/DATA_STORE_ID
      }
    }
  }],
  "model": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/publishers/google/models/MODEL_ID"
}

Untuk mengirim permintaan Anda, perluas salah satu opsi berikut:

Anda akan melihat respons JSON seperti berikut:

{
  "candidates": [
    {
      "content": {
        "role": "model",
        "parts": [
          {
            "text": "You can make an appointment on the website https://dmv.gov/"
          }
        ]
      },
      "finishReason": "STOP",
      "safetyRatings": [
        "..."
      ],
      "groundingMetadata": {
        "retrievalQueries": [
          "How to make appointment to renew driving license?"
        ],
        "groundingChunks": [
          {
            "retrievedContext": {
              "uri": "gs://my-data-bucket/dmv.txt",
              "title": "dmv"
            }
          }
        ],
        "groundingSupport": [
          {
            "segment": {
              "startIndex": 25,
              "endIndex": 147
            },
            "segment_text": "ipsum lorem ...",
            "supportChunkIndices": [1, 2],
            "confidenceScore": [0.9541752, 0.97726375]
          },
          {
            "segment": {
              "startIndex": 294,
              "endIndex": 439
            },
            "segment_text": "ipsum lorem ...",
            "supportChunkIndices": [1],
            "confidenceScore": [0.9541752, 0.9325467]
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ],
  "usageMetadata": {
    "..."
  }
}

Python

import vertexai

from vertexai.preview.generative_models import grounding
from vertexai.generative_models import GenerationConfig, GenerativeModel, Tool

# TODO (developer): update project_id
vertexai.init(project=PROJECT_ID, location="us-central1")

model = GenerativeModel("gemini-1.5-flash-001")

# TODO(developer): Update and un-comment below line with the correct data store path
# data_store_path = "projects/{project_id}/locations/{location}/collections/default_collection/dataStores/{data_store_id}"
tool = Tool.from_retrieval(
    grounding.Retrieval(grounding.VertexAISearch(datastore=data_store_path))
)

prompt = "How do I make an appointment to renew my driver's license?"
response = model.generate_content(
    prompt,
    tools=[tool],
    generation_config=GenerationConfig(
        temperature=0.0,
    ),
)

print(response.text)

NodeJS 

const {
  VertexAI,
  HarmCategory,
  HarmBlockThreshold,
} = require('@google-cloud/vertexai');

/**
 * TODO(developer): Update these variables before running the sample.
 */
async function generateContentWithVertexAISearchGrounding(
  projectId = 'PROJECT_ID',
  location = 'us-central1',
  model = 'gemini-1.5-flash-001',
  dataStoreId = 'DATASTORE_ID'
) {
  // Initialize Vertex with your Cloud project and location
  const vertexAI = new VertexAI({project: projectId, location: location});

  const generativeModelPreview = vertexAI.preview.getGenerativeModel({
    model: model,
    // The following parameters are optional
    // They can also be passed to individual content generation requests
    safetySettings: [
      {
        category: HarmCategory.HARM_CATEGORY_DANGEROUS_CONTENT,
        threshold: HarmBlockThreshold.BLOCK_MEDIUM_AND_ABOVE,
      },
    ],
    generationConfig: {maxOutputTokens: 256},
  });

  const vertexAIRetrievalTool = {
    retrieval: {
      vertexAiSearch: {
        datastore: `projects/${projectId}/locations/global/collections/default_collection/dataStores/${dataStoreId}`,
      },
      disableAttribution: false,
    },
  };

  const request = {
    contents: [{role: 'user', parts: [{text: 'Why is the sky blue?'}]}],
    tools: [vertexAIRetrievalTool],
  };

  const result = await generativeModelPreview.generateContent(request);
  const response = result.response;
  const groundingMetadata = response.candidates[0];
  console.log('Response: ', JSON.stringify(response.candidates[0]));
  console.log('GroundingMetadata is: ', JSON.stringify(groundingMetadata));
}

Java 

import com.google.cloud.vertexai.VertexAI;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.GenerateContentResponse;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.GroundingMetadata;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.Retrieval;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.Tool;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.api.VertexAISearch;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.generativeai.GenerativeModel;
import com.google.cloud.vertexai.generativeai.ResponseHandler;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collections;

public class GroundingWithPrivateData {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-google-cloud-project-id";
    String location = "us-central1";
    String modelName = "gemini-1.5-flash-001";
    String datastore = String.format(
        "projects/%s/locations/global/collections/default_collection/dataStores/%s",
        projectId, "datastore_id");

    groundWithPrivateData(projectId, location, modelName, datastore);
  }

  // A request whose response will be "grounded"
  // with information found in Vertex AI Search datastores.
  public static String groundWithPrivateData(String projectId, String location, String modelName,
                                             String datastoreId)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests.
    // This client only needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (VertexAI vertexAI = new VertexAI(projectId, location)) {
      Tool datastoreTool = Tool.newBuilder()
          .setRetrieval(
              Retrieval.newBuilder()
                  .setVertexAiSearch(VertexAISearch.newBuilder().setDatastore(datastoreId))
                  .setDisableAttribution(false))
          .build();

      GenerativeModel model = new GenerativeModel(modelName, vertexAI).withTools(
          Collections.singletonList(datastoreTool)
      );

      GenerateContentResponse response = model.generateContent(
          "How do I make an appointment to renew my driver's license?");

      GroundingMetadata groundingMetadata = response.getCandidates(0).getGroundingMetadata();
      String answer = ResponseHandler.getText(response);

      System.out.println("Answer: " + answer);
      System.out.println("Grounding metadata: " + groundingMetadata);

      return answer;
    }
  }
}

Langkah selanjutnya

Untuk dokumentasi mendetail, lihat yang berikut: