Adicione uma tarefa de destino HTTP a uma fila do Cloud Tasks

Adicione uma tarefa de destino HTTP a uma fila do Cloud Tasks

Este início rápido mostra como adicionar uma tarefa de destino HTTP a uma fila do Cloud Tasks através da Cloud Tasks API.

Antes de começar

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.
Install the Google Cloud CLI.
Se estiver a usar um fornecedor de identidade (IdP) externo, tem primeiro de iniciar sessão na CLI gcloud com a sua identidade federada.
Para inicializar a CLI gcloud, execute o seguinte comando:
gcloud init
Create or select a Google Cloud project.
Roles required to select or create a project
• Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
• Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.
Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.
• Create a Google Cloud project:

  gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

• Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

  gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.
Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.
Enable the Cloud Tasks API:
Roles required to enable APIs
To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.
gcloud services enable cloudtasks.googleapis.com
If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:
gcloud auth application-default login
You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.
If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.
Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/cloudtasks.admin, roles/logging.viewer
gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE
Replace the following:
• PROJECT_ID: Your project ID.
• USER_IDENTIFIER: The identifier for your user account. For example, [e-mail].
• ROLE: The IAM role that you grant to your user account.

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

Se estiver a usar um fornecedor de identidade (IdP) externo, tem primeiro de iniciar sessão na CLI gcloud com a sua identidade federada.

Para inicializar a CLI gcloud, execute o seguinte comando:

gcloud init

Create or select a Google Cloud project.

Roles required to select or create a project

• Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
• Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

• Create a Google Cloud project:

  gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

• Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

  gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Cloud Tasks API:

Roles required to enable APIs

To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.

gcloud services enable cloudtasks.googleapis.com

If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

gcloud auth application-default login

You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/cloudtasks.admin, roles/logging.viewer

gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE

Replace the following:

• PROJECT_ID: Your project ID.
• USER_IDENTIFIER: The identifier for your user account. For example, [e-mail].
• ROLE: The IAM role that you grant to your user account.

Crie uma fila do Cloud Tasks

Use o comando gcloud tasks queues create para criar a sua fila.

Aviso: a utilização de métodos de gestão de filas do Cloud Tasks acarreta algum risco se for usada em conjunto com métodos baseados no carregamentoqueue.yaml/queue.xml.gcloud Para mais informações, consulte o artigo Use a gestão de filas ou o ficheiro queue.yaml.

1. No terminal, crie uma fila que registe todas as operações.

   gcloud tasks queues create QUEUE_NAME \
       --log-sampling-ratio=1.0 \
       --location=REGION
   

   Substitua o seguinte:

   • QUEUE_NAME: um nome para a fila do Cloud Tasks
   • REGION: a região suportada onde implementou o seu serviço ou app

2. Aguarde a inicialização da fila e, em seguida, verifique se foi criada com êxito.

   gcloud tasks queues describe QUEUE_NAME \
       --location=REGION
   

   O resultado deve ser semelhante ao seguinte:

    name: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION_ID/queues/QUEUE_NAME
    rateLimits:
      maxBurstSize: 100
      maxConcurrentDispatches: 1000
      maxDispatchesPerSecond: 500.0
    retryConfig:
      maxAttempts: 100
      maxBackoff: 3600s
      maxDoublings: 16
      minBackoff: 0.100s
    state: RUNNING
   

Adicione uma tarefa à fila do Cloud Tasks

Use o comando gcloud tasks create-http-task para criar uma tarefa que segmenta um ponto final HTTP e adiciona a tarefa à sua fila.

1. Crie uma tarefa, adicione-a à fila que criou e entregue essa tarefa a um ponto final HTTP.

   gcloud tasks create-http-task \
       --queue=QUEUE_NAME \
       --url=URL_PATH \
       --method=GET \
       --location=REGION \
       --project=PROJECT_ID
   

   Substitua URL_PATH pelo caminho do URL completo para o qual o pedido vai ser enviado. Por exemplo: https://www.google.com

   O caminho tem de começar por http:// ou https://.

2. Verifique se a tarefa foi executada com êxito lendo os registos.

   gcloud logging read --limit=3
   

   Os registos devem ser semelhantes aos seguintes:

   jsonPayload:
   '@type': type.googleapis.com/google.cloud.tasks.logging.v1.TaskActivityLog
   task: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/REGION/queues/QUEUE_NAME/tasks/TASK_ID
   taskCreationLog:
      scheduleTime: '2024-07-04T19:00:27.801837Z'
      status: OK
      targetAddress: GET https://www.google.com/
      targetType: HTTP
   

Limpar

Para evitar incorrer em custos na sua Google Cloud conta pelos recursos usados nesta página, elimine o Google Cloud projeto com os recursos.

Atenção: a eliminação de um projeto tem os seguintes efeitos:

• Tudo no projeto é eliminado. Se usou um projeto existente para as tarefas neste documento, quando o elimina, também elimina qualquer outro trabalho que tenha feito no projeto.
• Os IDs dos projetos personalizados são perdidos. Quando criou este projeto, pode ter criado um ID do projeto personalizado que quer usar no futuro. Para preservar os URLs que usam o ID do projeto, como um URL appspot.com, elimine os recursos selecionados no projeto em vez de eliminar o projeto inteiro.

Se planeia explorar várias arquiteturas, tutoriais ou inícios rápidos, a reutilização de projetos pode ajudar a evitar exceder os limites de quota de projetos.

Delete a Google Cloud project:

gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

Em alternativa, pode eliminar a fila do Cloud Tasks:

gcloud tasks queues delete QUEUE_NAME \
    --location=REGION

O que se segue?

• Faça a gestão de filas e tarefas
• Crie filas do Cloud Tasks
• Referência da API RPC
• Referência da API REST