Adicionar uma tarefa de destino HTTP a uma fila do Cloud Tasks

Adicionar uma tarefa de destino HTTP a uma fila do Cloud Tasks

Neste guia de início rápido, mostramos como adicionar uma tarefa de destino HTTP a uma fila do Cloud Tasks usando a API Cloud Tasks.

Antes de começar

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.
Install the Google Cloud CLI.
Ao usar um provedor de identidade (IdP) externo, primeiro faça login na gcloud CLI com sua identidade federada.
Para inicializar a gcloud CLI, execute o seguinte comando:
gcloud init
Create or select a Google Cloud project.
Roles required to select or create a project
• Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
• Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.
Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.
• Create a Google Cloud project:

  gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

• Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

  gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.
Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.
Enable the Cloud Tasks API:
Roles required to enable APIs
To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.
gcloud services enable cloudtasks.googleapis.com
If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:
gcloud auth application-default login
You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.
If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.
Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/cloudtasks.admin, roles/logging.viewer
gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE
Replace the following:
• PROJECT_ID: your project ID.
• USER_IDENTIFIER: the identifier for your user account—for example, [e-mail].
• ROLE: the IAM role that you grant to your user account.

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

Ao usar um provedor de identidade (IdP) externo, primeiro faça login na gcloud CLI com sua identidade federada.

Para inicializar a gcloud CLI, execute o seguinte comando:

gcloud init

Create or select a Google Cloud project.

Roles required to select or create a project

• Select a project: Selecting a project doesn't require a specific IAM role—you can select any project that you've been granted a role on.
• Create a project: To create a project, you need the Project Creator (roles/resourcemanager.projectCreator), which contains the resourcemanager.projects.create permission. Learn how to grant roles.

Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

• Create a Google Cloud project:

  gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

• Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

  gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Cloud Tasks API:

Roles required to enable APIs

To enable APIs, you need the Service Usage Admin IAM role (roles/serviceusage.serviceUsageAdmin), which contains the serviceusage.services.enable permission. Learn how to grant roles.

gcloud services enable cloudtasks.googleapis.com

If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

gcloud auth application-default login

You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/cloudtasks.admin, roles/logging.viewer

gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE

Replace the following:

• PROJECT_ID: your project ID.
• USER_IDENTIFIER: the identifier for your user account—for example, [e-mail].
• ROLE: the IAM role that you grant to your user account.

Criar uma fila do Cloud Tasks

Use o comando gcloud tasks queues create para criar sua fila.

Atenção: usar os métodos de gerenciamento de filas gcloud do Cloud Tasks apresenta alguns riscos se usados com métodos baseados no upload de queue.yaml/queue.xml. Para mais informações, consulte Usar o gerenciamento de filas ou queue.yaml.

1. No terminal, crie uma fila que registre todas as operações.

   gcloud tasks queues create QUEUE_NAME \
       --log-sampling-ratio=1.0 \
       --location=REGION
   

   Substitua:

   • QUEUE_NAME: um nome para sua fila do Cloud Tasks
   • REGION: a região compatível em que você implantou o serviço ou app

2. Aguarde a inicialização da fila e verifique se ela foi criada com sucesso.

   gcloud tasks queues describe QUEUE_NAME \
       --location=REGION
   

   A saída será semelhante a esta:

    name: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION_ID/queues/QUEUE_NAME
    rateLimits:
      maxBurstSize: 100
      maxConcurrentDispatches: 1000
      maxDispatchesPerSecond: 500.0
    retryConfig:
      maxAttempts: 100
      maxBackoff: 3600s
      maxDoublings: 16
      minBackoff: 0.100s
    state: RUNNING
   

Adicionar uma tarefa à fila do Cloud Tasks

Use o comando gcloud tasks create-http-task para criar uma tarefa que tenha como destino um endpoint HTTP e adicione a tarefa à sua fila.

1. Crie uma tarefa, adicione-a à fila criada e entregue-a a um endpoint HTTP.

   gcloud tasks create-http-task \
       --queue=QUEUE_NAME \
       --url=URL_PATH \
       --method=GET \
       --location=REGION \
       --project=PROJECT_ID
   

   Substitua URL_PATH pelo caminho completo do URL para onde a solicitação será enviada. Por exemplo: https://www.google.com

   O caminho precisa começar com http:// ou https://.

2. Verifique se a tarefa foi executada com sucesso lendo os registros.

   gcloud logging read --limit=3
   

   Os registros serão semelhantes a este:

   jsonPayload:
   '@type': type.googleapis.com/google.cloud.tasks.logging.v1.TaskActivityLog
   task: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/REGION/queues/QUEUE_NAME/tasks/TASK_ID
   taskCreationLog:
      scheduleTime: '2024-07-04T19:00:27.801837Z'
      status: OK
      targetAddress: GET https://www.google.com/
      targetType: HTTP
   

Limpar

Para evitar cobranças na conta do Google Cloud pelos recursos usados nesta página, exclua o projeto do Google Cloud e os recursos.

Cuidado: excluir um projeto tem os seguintes efeitos:

• Tudo no projeto é excluído. Se você tiver usado um projeto atual para as tarefas neste documento, a exclusão dele incluirá a exclusão de quaisquer outros trabalhos feitos nele.
• Os IDs do projeto personalizados são perdidos. Ao criar o projeto, você pode ter criado um ID do projeto personalizado para ser usado no futuro. Para preservar os URLs que usam o ID do projeto, como um URL appspot.com, exclua recursos específicos do projeto, em vez de excluir o projeto inteiro.

Se você planeja explorar várias arquiteturas, tutoriais e guias de início rápido, a reutilização de projetos pode evitar que você exceda limites da cota.

Delete a Google Cloud project:

gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

Se preferir, exclua a fila do Cloud Tasks:

gcloud tasks queues delete QUEUE_NAME \
    --location=REGION

A seguir

• Gerenciar filas e tarefas
• Criar filas do Cloud Tasks
• Referência da API RPC
• Referência da API REST