Menambahkan tugas target HTTP ke antrean Cloud Tasks

Menambahkan tugas target HTTP ke antrean Cloud Tasks

Panduan memulai ini menunjukkan cara menambahkan tugas target HTTP ke antrean Cloud Tasks menggunakan Cloud Tasks API.

Sebelum memulai

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.
Install the Google Cloud CLI.
Jika Anda menggunakan penyedia identitas (IdP) eksternal, Anda harus login ke gcloud CLI dengan identitas gabungan Anda terlebih dahulu.
Untuk melakukan inisialisasi gcloud CLI, jalankan perintah berikut:
gcloud init
Create or select a Google Cloud project.
Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.
• Create a Google Cloud project:

  gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

• Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

  gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.
Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.
Enable the Cloud Tasks API:
gcloud services enable cloudtasks.googleapis.com
If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:
gcloud auth application-default login
You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.
If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.
Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/cloudtasks.admin, roles/logging.viewer
gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE
Replace the following:
• PROJECT_ID: your project ID.
• USER_IDENTIFIER: the identifier for your user account—for example, [e-mail].
• ROLE: the IAM role that you grant to your user account.

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

Jika Anda menggunakan penyedia identitas (IdP) eksternal, Anda harus login ke gcloud CLI dengan identitas gabungan Anda terlebih dahulu.

Untuk melakukan inisialisasi gcloud CLI, jalankan perintah berikut:

gcloud init

Create or select a Google Cloud project.

Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

• Create a Google Cloud project:

  gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

• Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

  gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

  Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Cloud Tasks API:

gcloud services enable cloudtasks.googleapis.com

If you're using a local shell, then create local authentication credentials for your user account:

gcloud auth application-default login

You don't need to do this if you're using Cloud Shell.

If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.

Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/cloudtasks.admin, roles/logging.viewer

gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE

Replace the following:

• PROJECT_ID: your project ID.
• USER_IDENTIFIER: the identifier for your user account—for example, [e-mail].
• ROLE: the IAM role that you grant to your user account.

Membuat antrean Cloud Tasks

Gunakan perintah gcloud tasks queues create untuk membuat antrean.

Perhatian: Penggunaan metode pengelolaan antrean gcloud Cloud Tasks memiliki risiko jika digunakan bersama dengan metode yang didasarkan pada upload queue.yaml/queue.xml. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat artikel Menggunakan Pengelolaan Antrean atau queue.yaml.

1. Di terminal, buat antrean yang mencatat semua operasi.

   gcloud tasks queues create QUEUE_NAME \
       --log-sampling-ratio=1.0 \
       --location=REGION
   

   Ganti kode berikut:

   • QUEUE_NAME: nama untuk antrean Cloud Tasks Anda
   • REGION: region yang didukung tempat Anda men-deploy layanan atau aplikasi

2. Tunggu hingga antrean diinisialisasi, lalu verifikasi bahwa antrean berhasil dibuat.

   gcloud tasks queues describe QUEUE_NAME \
       --location=REGION
   

   Outputnya akan mirip dengan berikut ini:

    name: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION_ID/queues/QUEUE_NAME
    rateLimits:
      maxBurstSize: 100
      maxConcurrentDispatches: 1000
      maxDispatchesPerSecond: 500.0
    retryConfig:
      maxAttempts: 100
      maxBackoff: 3600s
      maxDoublings: 16
      minBackoff: 0.100s
    state: RUNNING
   

Menambahkan tugas ke antrean Cloud Tasks

Gunakan perintah gcloud tasks create-http-task untuk membuat tugas yang menargetkan endpoint HTTP dan menambahkan tugas ke antrean Anda.

1. Buat tugas, tambahkan ke antrean yang Anda buat, dan kirimkan tugas tersebut ke endpoint HTTP.

   gcloud tasks create-http-task \
       --queue=QUEUE_NAME \
       --url=URL_PATH \
       --method=GET \
       --location=REGION \
       --project=PROJECT_ID
   

   Ganti URL_PATH dengan jalur URL lengkap tempat permintaan akan dikirim. Contoh: https://www.google.com

   Jalur harus diawali dengan http:// atau https://.

2. Verifikasi bahwa tugas berhasil dieksekusi dengan membaca log.

   gcloud logging read --limit=3
   

   Log akan terlihat seperti berikut:

   jsonPayload:
   '@type': type.googleapis.com/google.cloud.tasks.logging.v1.TaskActivityLog
   task: projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/REGION/queues/QUEUE_NAME/tasks/TASK_ID
   taskCreationLog:
      scheduleTime: '2024-07-04T19:00:27.801837Z'
      status: OK
      targetAddress: GET https://www.google.com/
      targetType: HTTP
   

Pembersihan

Agar tidak menimbulkan biaya pada akun Google Cloud Anda untuk resource yang digunakan di halaman ini, hapus project Google Cloud yang berisi resource tersebut.

Perhatian: Menghapus project memiliki efek berikut:

• Semua hal dalam project akan dihapus. Jika menggunakan project yang sudah ada untuk tugas dalam dokumen ini, saat Anda menghapusnya, pekerjaan lain yang telah Anda lakukan dalam project tersebut juga akan terhapus.
• Project ID kustom hilang. Saat membuat project ini, Anda mungkin telah membuat project ID kustom yang ingin digunakan di masa mendatang. Untuk mempertahankan URL yang menggunakan project ID, seperti URL appspot.com, hapus resource yang dipilih di dalam project, bukan menghapus seluruh project.

Jika Anda berencana mempelajari beberapa arsitektur, tutorial atau panduan memulai, dengan menggunakan kembali project dapat membantu Anda agar tidak melampaui batas kuota project.

Delete a Google Cloud project:

gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

Atau, Anda dapat menghapus antrean Cloud Tasks:

gcloud tasks queues delete QUEUE_NAME \
    --location=REGION

Langkah berikutnya

• Mengelola antrean dan tugas
• Membuat antrean Cloud Tasks
• Referensi RPC API
• Referensi REST API