Profile Amazon S3 data

This page describes how to configure Sensitive Data Protection discovery for Amazon S3.

For more information about the discovery service, see Data profiles.

This feature is available only to customers who have activated Security Command Center at the Enterprise tier.

Before you begin

1. In Security Command Center, create a connector for Amazon Web Services (AWS). Don't clear the Grant permissions for Sensitive Data Protection discovery checkbox. Sensitive Data Protection needs those permissions to profile your Amazon S3 data.

   If you already have a connector that doesn't have Grant permissions for Sensitive Data Protection discovery selected, see Grant sensitive data discovery permissions to an existing AWS connector.

2. Confirm that you have the IAM permissions that are required to configure data profiles at the organization level.

   If you don't have the Organization Administrator (roles/resourcemanager.organizationAdmin) or Security Admin (roles/iam.securityAdmin) role, you can still create a scan configuration. However, after you create the scan configuration, someone with either of those roles must grant data profiling access to your service agent.

3. Confirm that you have an inspection template in the global region or the region where you plan to store the discovery scan configuration and all generated data profiles.

   This task lets you automatically create an inspection template in the global region only. If organizational policies prevent you from creating an inspection template in the global region, then before you perform this task, you must create an inspection template in the region where you plan to store the discovery scan configuration.

4. To send Pub/Sub notifications to a topic when certain events occur—such as when Sensitive Data Protection profiles a new bucket—create a Pub/Sub topic.

5. You can configure Sensitive Data Protection to automatically attach tags to your resources. This feature lets you conditionally grant access to those resources based on their calculated sensitivity levels. If you want to use this feature, you must first complete the tasks in Control IAM access to resources based on data sensitivity.

To generate data profiles, you need a service agent container and a service agent within it. This task lets you create them automatically.

Create a scan configuration

1. Go to the Create scan configuration page.

   Go to Create scan configuration

2. Go to your organization. On the toolbar, click the project selector and select your organization.

The following sections provide more information about the steps in the Create scan configuration page. At the end of each section, click Continue.

Select a discovery type

Select Amazon S3.

Select scope

Do one of the following:

• To scan all S3 data that your AWS connector has access to, select Scan all AWS accounts available through your connector.
• To scan the S3 data in a single AWS account, select Scan selected account. Then, enter the AWS account ID.
• To scan a single S3 bucket, select Scan bucket (test mode). Enter the ID of the AWS account that contains the bucket, and enter the bucket name.

Manage schedules

If the default profiling frequency suits your needs, you can skip this section of the Create scan configuration page.

Configure this section for the following reasons:

• To make fine-grained adjustments to the profiling frequency of all your data or certain subsets of your data.
• To specify the buckets that you don't want to profile.
• To specify the buckets that you don't want profiled more than once.

To make fine-grained adjustments to profiling frequency, follow these steps:

1. Click Add schedule.

   Note: If you opted to scan a single bucket in test mode, you can't add a schedule. You can only edit the default schedule. In addition, you can't specify filters. You can only edit the frequency and conditions for profiling.

2. In the Filters section, define one or more filters that specify which buckets are in the schedule's scope.

   Specify at least one of the following:

   • An account ID or a regular expression that specifies one or more account IDs
   • A bucket name or a regular expression that specifies one or more buckets

   Regular expressions must follow the RE2 syntax.

   For example, if you want all buckets in an account to be included in the filter, enter the account ID in the Account ID field.

   To add more filters, click Add filter and repeat this step.

3. Click Frequency.

4. In the Frequency section, specify whether to profile the buckets that you selected, and if so, how often:

   • If you never want the buckets to be profiled, turn off Do profile this data.

   • If you want the buckets to be profiled at least once, leave Do profile this data on.

     Specify whether to reprofile your data and what events should trigger a reprofile operation. For more information, see Frequency of data profile generation.

     1. For On a schedule, specify how often you want the the buckets to be reprofiled. The buckets are reprofiled regardless of whether they underwent any changes.
     2. For When inspect template changes, specify whether you want your data to be reprofiled when the associated inspection template is updated, and if so, how often.
        Note: You specify the inspection templates to use in the Select inspection template step on this page.

        An inspection template change is detected when either of the following occurs:

        • The name of an inspection template changes in your scan configuration.
        • The updateTime of an inspection template changes.

5. Optional: Click Conditions.

   In the Conditions section, specify any conditions that the buckets—defined in your filters—must meet before Sensitive Data Protection profiles them.

   If needed, set the following:

   • Minimum conditions: If you want to delay profiling a bucket until it reaches a certain age, turn on this option. Then, enter the minimum duration.

     Note: If you opted to scan a single bucket (test mode), you can't set this condition.

   • Object storage class conditions: By default, Sensitive Data Protection scans all objects in a bucket. If you want to scan only objects that have specific attributes, select those attributes.

   Example conditions

   Suppose that you have the following configuration:

   • Minimum conditions

     • Minimum duration: 24 hours

   • Object storage class conditions

     • Scan objects with the S3 Standard object storage class
     • Scan objects with the S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval storage class

   In this case, Sensitive Data Protection considers only the buckets that are at least 24 hours old. Within those buckets, Sensitive Data Protection profiles only the objects that are in the Amazon S3 Standard or Amazon S3 Glacier Instant Retrieval storage class.

6. Click Done.

7. If you want to add more schedules, click Add schedule and repeat the previous steps.

8. To specify precedence between schedules, reorder them using the up and down arrows.

   The order of the schedules specifies how conflicts between schedules are resolved. If a bucket matches the filters of two different schedules, the schedule higher in the schedules list dictates the profiling frequency for that bucket.

   Note: If your discovery pricing mode is subscription mode, the rate at which Sensitive Data Protection profiles your data is affected by how much capacity you purchased. To determine your daily profiling capacity, see Monitoring utilization. If you have under-provisioned capacity, then the profiling frequencies that you set in your schedules might not be followed. If there is a backlog of buckets to be profiled, the schedule order doesn't dictate the order in which Sensitive Data Protection profiles the buckets in the backlog. Rather, all buckets in scope get a randomly assigned slot in the queue.

   The last schedule in the list is always the one labeled Default schedule. This default schedule covers the buckets in your selected scope that don't match any of the schedules that you created. This default schedule follows the system default profiling frequency.

9. If you want to adjust the default schedule, click Edit schedule, and adjust the settings as needed.

Select an inspection template

Depending on how you want to provide an inspection configuration, choose one of the following options. Regardless of which option you choose, Sensitive Data Protection scans your data in the region where that data is stored. That is, your data doesn't leave its region of origin.

Option 1: Create an inspection template

Choose this option if you want to create a new inspection template in the global region.

1. Click Create new inspection template.

2. Optional: To modify the default selection of infoTypes, click Manage infoTypes.

   For more information about how to manage built-in and custom infoTypes, see Manage infoTypes through the Google Cloud console.

   You must have at least one infoType selected to continue.

3. Optional: Configure the inspection template further by adding rulesets and setting a confidence threshold. For more information, see Configure detection.

   When Sensitive Data Protection creates the scan configuration, it stores this new inspection template in the global region.

Option 2: Use an existing inspection template

Choose this option if you have existing inspection templates that you want to use.

1. Click Select existing inspection template.

2. Enter the full resource name of the inspection template that you want to use. The Region field is automatically populated with the name of the region where your inspection template is stored.

   The inspection template that you enter must be in the same region where you plan to store this discovery scan configuration and all the generated data profiles.

   To respect data residency, Sensitive Data Protection doesn't use an inspection template outside the region where that template is stored.

   To find the full resource name of an inspection template, follow these steps:

   1. Go to your inspection templates list. This page opens on a separate tab.

      Go to inspection templates

   2. Switch to the project that contains the inspection template that you want to use.

   3. On the Templates tab, click the template ID of the template that you want to use.

   4. On the page that opens, copy the full resource name of the template. The full resource name follows this format:

      projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/REGION/inspectTemplates/TEMPLATE_ID

   5. On the Create scan configuration page, in the Template name field, paste the full resource name of the template.

   Add actions

   In the following sections, you specify actions that you want Sensitive Data Protection to take after it generates the data profiles.

   For information about how other Google Cloud services may charge you for configuring actions, see Pricing for exporting data profiles.

   Publish to Google Security Operations

   Metrics gathered from data profiles can add context to your security operations. The added context can help you determine the most important security issues to address.

   For example, if you're investigating a particular service agent, you can determine what resources the service agent accessed and whether any of those resources had high-sensitivity data.

   To send your data profiles to the Google Security Operations component of Security Command Center Enterprise, turn on Publish to Chronicle.

   Publish to Security Command Center

   Findings from data profiles provide context when you triage and develop response plans for your vulnerability and threat findings in Security Command Center.

   Note: You can also configure Security Command Center to automatically prioritize resources for the attack path simulation feature according to the calculated sensitivity of the data that the resources contain. For more information, see Set resource priority values automatically by data sensitivity.

   To send the results of your data profiles to Security Command Center, make sure the Publish to Security Command Center option is turned on.

   For more information, see Publish data profiles to Security Command Center.

   Save data profile copies to BigQuery

   Turning on Save data profile copies to BigQuery lets you keep a saved copy or history of all of your generated profiles. Doing so can be useful for creating audit reports and visualizing data profiles. You can also load this information into other systems.

   Also, this option lets you see all of your data profiles in a single view, regardless of which region your data resides in. If you turn off this option, you can still view the data profiles in the Google Cloud console. However, in the Google Cloud console, you select one region at a time, and see only the data profiles for that region.

   Note: When Sensitive Data Protection fails to profile a bucket, it periodically retries. To minimize noise in the exported data, Sensitive Data Protection exports only the successfully generated profiles to BigQuery.

   To export copies of the data profiles to a BigQuery table, follow these steps:

   1. Turn on Save data profile copies to BigQuery.

   2. Enter the details of the BigQuery table where you want to save the data profiles:

      • For Project ID, enter the ID of an existing project where you want data profiles to be exported to.

      • For Dataset ID, enter the name of an existing dataset in the project where you want data profiles to be exported to.

      • For Table ID, enter a name for the BigQuery table where data profiles will be exported to. If you haven't created this table, Sensitive Data Protection automatically creates it for you using the name you provide.

   Sensitive Data Protection starts exporting profiles from the time you turn on this option. Profiles that were generated before you turned on exporting aren't saved to BigQuery.

   Note: Your service agent must have write access on the output table. If you don't have a service agent yet, Sensitive Data Protection lets you create one later in the Create scan configuration page.

   Attach tags to resources

   Turning on Attach tags to resources instructs Sensitive Data Protection to automatically tag your data according to its calculated sensitivity level. This section requires you to first complete the tasks in Control IAM access to resources based on data sensitivity.

   To automatically tag a resource according to its calculated sensitivity level, follow these steps:

   1. Turn on the Tag resources option.

   2. For each sensitivity level (high, moderate, low, and unknown), enter the path of the tag value that you created for the given sensitivity level.

      If you skip a sensitivity level, no tag is attached for it.

   3. To automatically lower the data risk level of a resource when the sensitivity level tag is present, select When a tag is applied to a resource, lower the data risk of its profile to LOW. This option helps you measure the improvement in your data security and privacy posture.

      Important: This option overrides the calculated data risk level of the profiled resource.

   4. Select one or both of the following options:

      • Tag a resource when it is profiled for the first time.

      • Tag a resource when its profile is updated. Select this option if you want Sensitive Data Protection to overwrite the sensitivity level tag value on succeeding discovery runs. Consequently, a principal's access to a resource changes automatically as the calculated data sensitivity level for that resource increases or decreases.

        Don't select this option if you plan to manually update the sensitivity level tag values that the discovery service attached to your resources. If you select this option, Sensitive Data Protection can overwrite your manual updates.

   Publish to Pub/Sub

   Turning on Publish to Pub/Sub lets you take programmatic actions based on profiling results. You can use Pub/Sub notifications to develop a workflow for catching and remediating findings with significant data risk or sensitivity.

   To send notifications to a Pub/Sub topic, follow these steps:

   1. Turn on Publish to Pub/Sub.

      A list of options appears. Each option describes an event that causes Sensitive Data Protection to send a notification to Pub/Sub.

   2. Select the events that should trigger a Pub/Sub notification.

   If you select Send a Pub/Sub notification each time a profile is updated, Sensitive Data Protection sends a notification when there's a change in the following file store metrics:

   • Data risk
   • Sensitivity
   • File extensions scanned
   • File extensions seen
   • InfoTypes
   • Public

   3. For each event you select, follow these steps:

      1. Enter the name of the topic. The name must be in the following format:

         projects/PROJECT_ID/topics/TOPIC_ID
         

         Replace the following:

         • PROJECT_ID: the ID of the project associated with the Pub/Sub topic.
         • TOPIC_ID: the ID of the Pub/Sub topic.

      2. Specify whether to include the full bucket profile in the notification, or just the full resource name of the bucket that was profiled.

      3. Set the minimum data risk and sensitivity levels that must be met for Sensitive Data Protection to send a notification.

      4. Specify whether only one or both of the data risk and sensitivity conditions must be met. For example, if you choose AND, then both the data risk and the sensitivity conditions must be met before Sensitive Data Protection sends a notification.

   Note: Your service agent must have publishing access on the Pub/Sub topic. An example of a role that has publishing access is the Pub/Sub Publisher role (roles/pubsub.publisher). If you don't have a service agent yet, Sensitive Data Protection lets you create one later in the Create scan configuration page. If there are configuration or permission issues with the Pub/Sub topic, Sensitive Data Protection retries sending the Pub/Sub notification for up to two weeks. After two weeks, the notification is discarded.

   Manage service agent container and billing

   In this section, you specify the project to use as a service agent container. You can have Sensitive Data Protection automatically create a new project, or you can choose an existing project.

   Regardless of whether you're using a newly created service agent or reusing an existing one, make sure it has read access to the data to be profiled.

   Automatically create a project

   If you don't have the permissions needed to create a project in the organization, you need to select an existing project instead or obtain the required permissions. For information about the required permissions, see Roles required to work with data profiles at the organization or folder level.

   To automatically create a project to use as your service agent container, follow these steps:

   1. In the Service agent container field, review the suggested project ID and edit it as needed.
   2. Click Create.
   3. Optional: Update the default project name.

   4. Select the account to bill for all billable operations related to this new project, including operations that aren't related to discovery.

      Note: If you already have an organization-level discovery subscription, this billing account is still required to create the project. However, for all discovery operations, you are billed through the project associated with your subscription.

   5. Click Create.

   Sensitive Data Protection creates the new project. The service agent within this project will be used to authenticate to Sensitive Data Protection and other APIs.

   Select an existing project

   To select an existing project as your service agent container, click the Service agent container field and select the project.

   Set the location to store the configuration

   Click the Resource location list, and select the region where you want to store this scan configuration. All scan configurations that you later create will also be stored in this location.

   Where you choose to store your scan configuration doesn't affect the data to be scanned. Your data is scanned in the same region where that data is stored. For more information, see Data residency considerations.

   Note: If you already have an existing scan configuration, you can't change the value set in this field. All scan configurations are stored in the same location. If you want to change the location of all your scan configurations, you must delete them, recreate them, and store them in the new location.

   Review and create the configuration

   1. If you want to make sure that profiling doesn't start automatically after you create the scan configuration, select Create scan in paused mode.

      This option is useful in the following cases:

      • Your Google Cloud administrator still needs to grant data profiling access to the service agent.
      • You want to create multiple scan configurations and you want some configurations to override others.
      • You opted to save data profiles to BigQuery, and you want to make sure the service agent has write access to your output table.
      • You configured Pub/Sub notifications and you want to grant publishing access to the service agent.
      • You enabled the Attach tags to resources action and you need to grant the service agent access to the sensitivity level tag.

   2. Review your settings and click Create.

      Sensitive Data Protection creates the scan configuration and adds it to the discovery scan configurations list.

   To view or manage your scan configurations, see Manage scan configurations.

   Note: We regularly improve our detection algorithm. If we find that your organization or project would benefit from a new improvement that we implement, we might automatically regenerate your data profiles and redo the actions in your scan configuration. You won't incur Sensitive Data Protection charges for this operation. However, because we will redo the actions, you might incur charges for your use of other Google Cloud services. For example, if you configured Sensitive Data Protection to save the data profiles to BigQuery, you might incur BigQuery charges.

   What's next

   • If you don't have the Organization Administrator (roles/resourcemanager.organizationAdmin) or Security Admin (roles/iam.securityAdmin) role, someone with one of those roles must grant data profiling access to your service agent.
   • Learn how to manage data profiles.
   • Learn how to manage scan configurations.
   • Learn how to receive and parse Pub/Sub messages published by the data profiler.
   • Learn how to troubleshoot issues with data profiles.