加密直播

本页介绍了如何加密直播内容。通过 Live Stream API 不会创建或管理加密密钥或许可 。相反，您必须使用第三方数字版权管理 (DRM) 这些功能的提供商。为您的 Pod 创建加密密钥后 请使用以下代码将这些键传递给 Live Stream API： Secret Manager。

加密设置是在 Channel 设置。直播开始后，Live Stream API 视频流水线 就会开始加密您的内容输出清单包含 解密所选媒体播放器中的内容。

受支持的配置

流式传输协议 容器 DRM 系统 加密架构
HLS TS ClearKey aes128
HLS TS ClearKey sampleAes
HLS TS FairPlay sampleAes
HLS fMP4 FairPlay 仅限 mpegCenc cbcs
MPEG-DASH fMP4 ClearKey mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs
MPEG-DASH fMP4 Widevine mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs
HLS fMP4 Widevine mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs
MPEG-DASH fMP4 PlayReady mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs
HLS fMP4 PlayReady mpegCenc cenc 或 cbcs

将加密密钥添加到 Secret Manager

开始之前，请使用第三方提供商创建加密密钥 选择的 DRM 提供商。

Live Stream API 要求您的密钥在 以下 JSON 格式，以及其他必要信息。

请参阅 DRM 协议文档 以了解每个字段的说明。请注意，您需要从蛇形命名法 JSON 格式的驼峰式大小写。

示例 JSON

{
  "encryptionKeys": [
    {
      // Key for FairPlay configuration.
      "keyId": "d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",
      "key": "f1967daca83e81f38d80aa741e7b32c2",
      "iv": "8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3",
      "keyUri": "skd://d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": ["ts_fairplay"]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for Widevine configurations.
      "keyId": "44ec248b048c43a6a6ee58a752c6f9f8",
      "key": "f1967daca83e81f38d80aa741e7b32c2",
      "keyUri": "skd://44ec248b048c43a6a6ee58a752c6f9f8",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": [
            "fmp4_widevine_cenc_video",
            "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio",
            "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video",
            "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for PlayReady configurations.
      "keyId": "8beed229709f480bb6004ec0f33e82d1",
      "key": "ad20cd838f354dcc8a77c443d08ff09f",
      "keyUri": "skd://8beed229709f480bb6004ec0f33e82d1",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": [
            "fmp4_playready_cenc_video",
            "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio",
            "fmp4_playready_cbcs_video",
            "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for all ClearKey configurations.
      "keyId": "3d9dccb479c64adbb6e514790caa7822",
      "key": "f1967daca83e81f38d80aa741e7b32c2",
      "keyUri": "https://example.com/keys/3d9dccb479c64adbb6e514790caa7822.bin",
      "iv": "8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3"
      // No `matchers` field. This is the default key to use when none of the keys above match.
    }
  ]
}

如果您的加密配置（例如，FairPlay）要求明确 初始化矢量 (IV)，但未包含该矢量，则 API 将使用 keyId：表示 iv 的值。

如需添加加密密钥，请执行以下任一操作：

然后，执行以下操作以配置加密密钥：

  1. 配置密钥的 IAM 权限，以便 Live Stream API 可以访问密钥内容。为此，请将 secretmanager.secretAccessor 角色分配给 service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gcp-sa-livestream.iam.gserviceaccount.com 服务账号（这类似于服务账号有权访问您的 Cloud Storage 存储分区）。
  2. 找到您创建的 Secret 版本的资源名称（例如， projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/secrets/SECRET_ID/versions/VERSION_ID). 您需要使用此名称来配置渠道。

配置频道

加密设置是使用 encryptions 数组（Channel 级别）。唯一标识符 (id) 会分配给每项不同的配置每个 muxStream 均使用 来指明要使用的加密配置，或忽略该标识符 字段保持未加密状态。

JSON 格式

{
  // other channel settings …
  "encryptions": [
    {
      // Identifier for this encryption configuration, to be specified in muxStream(s).
      "id": string,
      // Configuration for secrets stored in Google Secret Manager.
      "secretManagerKeySource": {
        // The name of the Secret Version containing the encryption key.
        // `projects/{project}/secrets/{secret_id}/versions/{version_number}`
        // Using {version_number} of `latest` is not supported.
        "secretVersion": string
      },
      // DRM system(s) that will be used. At least one must be specified. If a DRM system
      // is omitted, it will be considered disabled.
      "drmSystems": {
        // Widevine configuration.
        "widevine": {},
        // FairPlay configuration.
        "fairplay": {},
        // PlayReady configuration.
        "playready": {},
        // ClearKey configuration.
        "clearkey": {}
      },
      // Union field encryption_mode can be only one of the following:
      // Configuration for HLS AES-128 encryption.
      "aes128": {},
      // Configuration for HLS SAMPLE-AES encryption.
      "sampleAes": {},
      // Configuration for MPEG-DASH Common Encryption (MPEG-CENC).
      "mpegCenc": {
        // Specify the encryption scheme. Supported schemes:
        // - `cenc` - AES-CTR subsample
        // - `cbcs`- AES-CBC subsample pattern
        "scheme": string
      }
      // End of list of possible types for union field encryption_mode.
    }
    // Any other encryption configurations.
  ],
  "muxStreams": [
    {
      // Unique identifier for the muxStream.
      "key": string,
      // Identifier of the encryption configuration for the muxStream.
      "encryptionId": string
      // … other muxStream settings.
    }
    // Other muxStreams.
  ],

  // Other channel settings.
}

示例 (ClearKey)

以下示例在 HLS 中配置 AES-128 和 SAMPLE-AES muxStream 清单，以及 DASH 清单中的 MPEG-CENC muxStreams（cenc 和 cbcs）：

"elementaryStreams": [
  {
    "key": "es_video",
    "videoStream": {
      "h264": {
        "profile": "main",
        "heightPixels": 600,
        "widthPixels": 800,
        "bitrateBps": 1000000,
        "frameRate": 60,
      },
    },
  },
  {
    "key": "es_audio",
    "audioStream": {
      "codec": "aac",
      "channelCount": 2,
      "bitrateBps": 160000
    }
  }
],
"encryptions": [
  {
    "id": "aes-128",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "aes128": {}
  },
  {
    "id": "sample-aes",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "sampleAes": {}
  },
  {
    "id": "cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  }
],
"muxStreams": [
  {
    "key": "ts_aes128",
    "container": "ts",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video", "es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "aes-128"
  },
  {
    "key": "ts_sampleaes",
    "container": "ts",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video", "es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "sample-aes"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cbcs"
  }
],
"manifests": [
  {
    "key": "manifest_aes128_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_aes128.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["ts_aes128"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_sampleaes_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_sampleaes.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["ts_sampleaes"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_cenc_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_cenc_video", "fmp4_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_cbcs_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_cbcs_video", "fmp4_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  }
]

示例 (FP/PR/Widevine)

以下示例配置了 FairPlay/SAMPLE-AES、Widevine/MPEG-CENC （cenc 和 cbcs）和 PlayReady/MPEG-CENC（cenc 和 cbcs）muxStreams。 HLS 和 DASH 中包含 Widevine 和 PlayReady muxStream 清单。

"elementaryStreams": [
  {
    "key": "es_video",
    "videoStream": {
      "h264": {
        "profile": "main",
        "heightPixels": 600,
        "widthPixels": 800,
        "bitrateBps": 1000000,
        "frameRate": 60,
      },
    },
  },
  {
    "key": "es_audio",
    "audioStream": {
      "codec": "aac",
      "channelCount": 2,
      "bitrateBps": 160000
    }
  }
],
"encryptions": [
  {
    "id": "fairplay",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"fairplay": {}},
    "sampleAes": {}
  },
  {
    "id": "widevine-cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"widevine": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "widevine-cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"widevine": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "playready-cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"playready": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "playready-cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"playready": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  }
],
"muxStreams": [
  {
    "key": "ts_fairplay",
    "container": "ts",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video", "es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "fairplay"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cbcs"
  }
],
"manifests": [
  {
    "key": "manifest_fairplay_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_fairplay.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["ts_fairplay"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_widevine_cenc_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cenc.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cenc_video", "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_widevine_cbcs_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cbcs.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video", "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_widevine_cenc_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cenc_video", "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_widevine_cbcs_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video", "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_playready_cenc_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cenc.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cenc_video", "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_playready_cbcs_hls",
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cbcs.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cbcs_video", "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_playready_cenc_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cenc_video", "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  },
  {
    "key": "manifest_playready_cbcs_dash",
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cbcs_video", "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"],
    "maxSegmentCount": 10
  }
]

知道要使用的 JSON 配置后， 创建频道： 正常。

开始直播

创建频道后，请启动频道 和 发送输入流。

当频道启动时，Live Stream API 会提取加密内容 密钥，由 Secret Manager 中的 secretVersion 标识。如果 Live Stream API 无法获取密钥，或密钥位于 格式无法识别，频道状态将变为 STREAMING_ERROR。如果密钥 成功提取后，该频道的状态会像往常一样变为 AWAITING_INPUT。

直播开始后，Live Stream API 会开始加密输出 创建内容。

监控输出

加密的输出流包含经过修改的清单，其中包含所需信息 解密要播放的内容。

清单示例

以下清单显示了解密 内容。

HLS AES-128/ClearKey

#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:7
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128,URI="https://example.com/keys/3d9dccb479c64adbb6e514790caa7822.bin",IV=0x8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:22.870Z
#EXTINF:2.576778
segment-0000000000.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:25.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000001.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:27.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000002.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:29.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000003.ts

HLS 示例-AES/FairPlay

#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:7
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=SAMPLE-AES,URI="skd://d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",KEYFORMAT="com.apple.streamingkeydelivery",KEYFORMATVERSIONS="1"
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:22.870Z
#EXTINF:2.576778
segment-0000000000.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:25.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000001.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:27.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000002.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:29.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000003.ts

HLS MPEG-CENC/Widevine

#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:7
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=SAMPLE-AES-CTR,URI="data:text/plain;base64,AAAAOHBzc2gAAAAA7e+LqXnWSs6jyCfSEAB3Gcrj/8kFtioyiVbJMh9I49yVmwY=",KEYFORMAT="urn:uuid:edef8ba9-79d6-4ace-a3c8-27dcd51d21ed",KEYFORMATVERSIONS="1"
#EXT-X-MAP:URI="segment-initialization_segment_0000000000.m4s"
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:22.870Z
#EXTINF:2.576778
segment-0000000000.m4s
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:25.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000001.m4s
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:27.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000002.m4s
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:29.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000003.m4s

DASH MPEG-CENC/Widevine

<AdaptationSet segmentAlignment="true" maxWidth="800" maxHeight="600">
  <Representation mimeType="video/mp4" id="fmp4_widevine_cenc_video" codecs="avc1.4d001f">
    <ContentProtection value="cenc" schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:mp4protection:2011" cenc:default_KID="44ec248b-048c-43a6-a6ee-58a752c6f9f8"/>
    <ContentProtection schemeIdUri="urn:uuid:edef8ba9-79d6-4ace-a3c8-27dcd51d21ed" value="Widevine">
      <cenc:pssh>AAAAOHBzc2gAAAAA7e+LqXnWSs6jCfc1R0h7QAAABgSEAB3Gcrj/8kFklokiVbJMh9VmwY=</cenc:pssh>
    </ContentProtection>
  </Representation>
</AdaptationSet>
<AdaptationSet segmentAlignment="true" mimeType="audio/mp4" id="1" label="fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio">
  <Representation id="fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio" codecs="mp4a.40.2">
    <ContentProtection value="cenc" schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:mp4protection:2011" cenc:default_KID="44ec248b-048c-43a6-a6ee-58a752c6f9f8"/>
    <ContentProtection schemeIdUri="urn:uuid:edef8ba9-79d6-4ace-a3c8-27dcd51d21ed" value="Widevine">
      <cenc:pssh>AAAAOHBzc2gAAAAA7e+LqXnWSs6jCfc1R0h7QAAABgSEAB3Gcrj/8kFklokiVbJMh9VmwY=</cenc:pssh>
    </ContentProtection>
  </Representation>
</AdaptationSet>

推荐使用HLS.js的玩家 。玩家占比 建议使用 Shaka Player 用于 DASH/fMP4 解密。

PlayReady“cenc”运行 Windows 的实体机器支持 scheme 10 搭配 Microsoft Edge 浏览器、Xbox One（1703 或更低版本）和部分 非 Windows 设备（例如智能电视）。PlayReady 全新《cbcs》架构为 仅支持 Xbox One 1709 版或更高版本。请参阅 PlayReady 内容加密模式 。

更新加密密钥

如需将某个渠道改用新的加密密钥，请执行以下操作：

  1. 停止播放频道。
  2. 更新频道的加密设置。
  3. 创建频道。