将去标识化操作元数据写入 FHIR 存储区

本页介绍了如何对 DICOM 数据进行去标识化，以及如何将与去标识化操作和去标识化内容相关的元数据写入 FHIR 存储区。元数据存储在 FHIR 存储区中的 FHIR Provenance 资源中。然后，您可以使用 FHIR 自定义搜索查询数据，以回答诸如以下问题：

  • 哪些信息已去标识化？
  • 数据是如何去标识化的？去标识化的原因是什么？
  • 去标识化操作是何时进行的？需要多长时间？

准备工作

使用 FHIR 而非注解

Cloud Healthcare API 提供了一个注释 API，您可以使用该 API 为去标识化数据添加注释。

将去标识化操作元数据写入 FHIR 存储区的方式类似，并且具有以下优势：

  • 您无需使用注释 API，它是一个单独的 API。
  • 您无需创建和管理注释存储区和注释记录。
  • 您可以继续使用 FHIR 标准和 Cloud Healthcare API FHIR API。
  • 您可以将 FHIR 资源导出到 BigQuery 进行探索和分析。生成的数据仅与 LOSSLESS 或 ANALYTICS_V2 SchemaType 兼容。
  • 系统会详细说明去标识化操作元数据。

要求

用于存储去标识化操作元数据的 FHIR 存储区必须满足以下要求：

  • 必须已存在。
  • 必须是版本 R4 的 FHIR 存储区。
  • 必须将 enableUpdateCreate 设置为 true。

操作元数据 FHIR 存储区中的来源资源

当您运行 DICOM 去标识化操作时，系统会将以下来源资源写入操作元数据 FHIR 存储区：

  • 一个用于汇总去标识化操作的来源资源，例如长时间运行的操作的名称、操作发生的时间以及所使用的配置。如需查看此来源资源中的字段列表，请参阅去标识化来源资源中的操作元数据。

  • 每个去标识化 DICOM 实例的来源资源。如需查看此来源资源中的字段列表，请参阅来源资源中的 DICOM 去标识化元数据。

    • 该资源包含与去标识化内容（例如 DICOM 标记或 DICOM 图像的部分）以及所采取的操作（例如信息是被隐去、转换还是忽略）相关的信息。

    • 该资源可能包含通过光学字符识别 (OCR) 处理的去标识化数据，这些数据属于受保护健康信息 (PHI) 的范围。

      去标识化文本（quote）随附其信息类型（infoType）和信息找到的可能性（confidence）。例如，如果包含内嵌文本 John Doe 的 DICOM 图片经过去标识化处理，Provenance 资源将包含 quote 设置为 John Doe、infoType 设置为 PERSON_NAME，以及介于 0 和 1 之间的 confidence 值。

      只有在将 ImageConfig.textRedactionMode 设置为 REDACT_SENSITIVE_TEXT 或 REDACT_SENSITIVE_TEXT_CLEAN_DESCRIPTORS 的情况下调用 dicomStores.deidentify 方法时，才会生成 DICOM 去标识化元数据。如果您设置了 REDACT_ALL_TEXT，该方法会在 extracted-text 字段中以单个字符串的形式生成去标识化文本。字符串不包含分段。令牌之间以空格分隔。

对来源资源中的操作元数据进行去标识化处理

下表介绍了去标识化操作中的元数据以及元数据中的相应字段（可在“Provenance”资源中找到）。“Provenance resource field”（起源资源字段）单元格包含示例值，仅供演示之用。

元数据说明 Provenance 资源字段
起源资源 ID Provenance.id
去标识化操作的开始时间 Provenance.occurredDateTime
来源资源创建时间戳 Provenance.recorded
去标识化长时间运行的操作的名称 
    Provenance.agent.who: {
      "identifier": {
        "system": "https://g.co/healthcare/operation"
        "value": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID"
      }
    }
源 DICOM 存储区 
    Provenance.entity.role: "SOURCE"
    Provenance.entity.what.identifier.value: "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/dicomStores/SOURCE_DICOM_STORE_ID"
目标 DICOM 存储区 Provenance.target.type.value
使用的 DeidentifyConfig 值 
    Provenance.entity.extension: [{
      url: 'https://g.co/deidentify-config',
      valueString: 'DEIDENTIFY_CONFIG' // Can be either a JSON configuration or a path to a Cloud Storage URI and timestamp if the configuration was provided using Cloud Storage
    }]

来源资源中的 DICOM 去标识化元数据

下表介绍了经过去标识化的 DICOM 实例中的元数据以及元数据在“Provenance”资源中的对应字段。“Provenance resource field”（起源资源字段）单元格包含示例值，仅供演示之用。

元数据说明 Provenance 资源字段
去标识化操作资源的链接 Provenance.agent.who: {reference: "Provenance/PROVENANCE_RESOURCE_ID"}
来源资源创建时间戳 Provenance.recorded
来源 DICOM 实例 REST 路径 
    Provenance.entity.role: SOURCE
    Provenance.entity.what.identifier.value
目标 DICOM 实例 REST 路径 Provenance.target.type.value
DICOM 图片大小 
    Provenance.entity.extension: [
      {
        url: 'https://g.co/WIDTH',
        valueDecimal: WIDTH
      },
        url: 'https://g.co/HEIGHT',
        valueDecimal: HEIGHT
      }
    ]
结构化大小 
    Provenance.entity.extension: [{
      url: 'https://g.co/DICOM_STRUCTURED_SIZE',
      valueDecimal: VALUE,
    }]
DICOM 图片注释 
    Provenance.entity.extension: [{
      url: 'https://g.co/DICOM_IMAGES',
      extension: [
        { FRAME_0
        },
        { FRAME_1
        },
        ...
      ]
    }]
DICOM 帧注释 
    Provenance.entity.extension['https://g.co/dicom-images'].extension: [
      {
        url: 'frame-index',
        valueDecimal: 0,
        extension: [
          {
            url: 'left',
            valueDecimal: LEFT_VALUE
          },
          {
            url: 'right',
            valueDecimal: RIGHT_VALUE
          },
          {
            url: 'top',
            valueDecimal: TOP_VALUE
          },
          {
            url: 'bottom',
            valueDecimal: BOTTOM_VALUE
          },
          {
            url: 'relative-left',
            valueDecimal: RELATIVE_LEFT_VALUE / WIDTH
          },
          {
            url: 'relative-right',
            valueDecimal: RELATIVE_RIGHT_VALUE / HEIGHT
          },
          {
            url: 'relative-top',
            valueDecimal: RELATIVE_TOP_VALUE / WIDTH
          },
          {
            url: 'relative-bottom',
            valueDecimal: RELATIVE_BOTTOM / HEIGHT
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
DICOM 帧注释 
    // Only available if the text redaction mode is REDACT_SENSITIVE_TEXT or
    // REDACT_SENSITIVE_TEXT_CLEAN_DESCRIPTORS
    Provenance.entity.extension: [
       {
        "url": "quote", // The PHI text de-identified
        "valueString": "John Doe"
       },
      {
        "url": "infoType", // The type of the de-identified text
        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
       },
      {
        "url": "confidence", // The likelihood of finding this quote and its infoType
        "valueDecimal": 0.7
       }
    ]
DICOM 帧注释 
    // Only available if the text redaction mode is REDACT_ALL_TEXT
    Provenance.entity.extension: [
       {
        "url": "extracted-text", // The entire PHI text de-identified
        "valueString": "John Doe 27-Jan-1999 Sex:M"
       }
    ]
所有 DICOM 标记注释 
    Provenance.entity.extension: [{
      url: 'https://g.co/dicom-tags',
      extension: [
        { // tag (0002,0000)
        },
        { // tag (0002,0001)
        },
        ...
      ]
    }]
DICOM 单个标记符号法 
    Provenance.entity.extension['https://g.co/dicom-tags'].extension: [
      {
        url: 'tag-id',
        valueString: '00080012',
        extension: [
          {
            url: 'byte-start',
            valueDecimal: 10
          },
          {
            url: 'byte-end',
            valueDecimal: 18
          },
          {
            url: 'finding-infotype',
            valueString: 'PERSON_NAME'
          },
          {
            url: 'text-original',
            valueString: 'John Doe'
          },
          {
            url: 'text-replaced',
            valueString: 'PERSON_NAME'
          },
          {
            url: 'deidentify-action',
            valueString: 'REMOVED'
            // Possible values are "REMOVED", "DELETED", "REGENERATED UID",
            // "RESET", "CLEANED", and "RECURSED"
          },
          {
            url: 'deidentify-reason',
            valueString: 'Matched VALUE'
            // Possible values include "ID", "VR", or "Expression",
            // for example "Matched ID: DICOM_TAG_ID"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]

示例

准备工作

在运行以下任何示例之前，请确保您对操作元数据 FHIR 存储区具有 roles/healthcare.fhirResourceEditor 角色。您需要拥有此角色才能写入操作元数据 FHIR 存储区。

对 DICOM 数据进行去标识化、写入 FHIR 存储区以及搜索来源资源

在运行此示例之前，请完成以下步骤：

  1. 创建一个源数据集，其中包含一个包含至少一个要去标识化的 DICOM 实例的 DICOM 存储区。
  2. 创建一个目标数据集，其中包含一个空 DICOM 存储区和一个空 FHIR 存储区。FHIR 存储区必须符合要求。

此示例对合并标记去标识化和烧屏文字遮盖功能进行了扩展。在此示例中，系统会对单个 DICOM 存储区执行去标识化操作，且去标识化后的数据会写入新 DICOM 存储区中。操作元数据 FHIR 存储区与新的 DICOM 存储区位于同一数据集内。

此示例使用了两个 DICOM 实例。我们不会向您提供这些实例，因此示例回答不会与您的去标识化数据完全一致。

  1. 对 DICOM 数据进行去标识化。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：包含源 DICOM 存储区的数据集的位置
    • SOURCE_DATASET_ID：源 DICOM 存储区的父级数据集
    • SOURCE_DICOM_STORE_ID：包含要去标识化的数据的 DICOM 存储区的 ID
    • DESTINATION_DATASET_ID：包含元数据操作 FHIR 存储区且将创建去标识化 DICOM 存储区的现有数据集
    • DESTINATION_DICOM_STORE_ID：用于写入源 DICOM 存储区中去标识化数据的 DICOM 存储区
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：用于写入去标识化操作元数据的 FHIR 存储区

    请求 JSON 正文：

    {
  "destinationStore": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DESTINATION_DATASET_ID/dicomStores/DESTINATION_DICOM_STORE_ID",
  "config": {
    "dicom": {
      "filterProfile": "DEIDENTIFY_TAG_CONTENTS"
    },
    "image": {
      "textRedactionMode": "REDACT_ALL_TEXT"
    },
    "operationMetadata": {
      "fhirOutput": {
        "fhirStore": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DESTINATION_DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE"
      }
    }
  }
}

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "destinationStore": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DESTINATION_DATASET_ID/dicomStores/DESTINATION_DICOM_STORE_ID",
  "config": {
    "dicom": {
      "filterProfile": "DEIDENTIFY_TAG_CONTENTS"
    },
    "image": {
      "textRedactionMode": "REDACT_ALL_TEXT"
    },
    "operationMetadata": {
      "fhirOutput": {
        "fhirStore": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DESTINATION_DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE"
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    curl -X POST \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
         -d @request.json \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/SOURCE_DATASET_ID/dicomStores/SOURCE_DICOM_STORE_ID:deidentify"

    PowerShell

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    @'
{
  "destinationStore": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DESTINATION_DATASET_ID/dicomStores/DESTINATION_DICOM_STORE_ID",
  "config": {
    "dicom": {
      "filterProfile": "DEIDENTIFY_TAG_CONTENTS"
    },
    "image": {
      "textRedactionMode": "REDACT_ALL_TEXT"
    },
    "operationMetadata": {
      "fhirOutput": {
        "fhirStore": "projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DESTINATION_DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE"
      }
    }
  }
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method POST `
        -Headers $headers `
        -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
        -InFile request.json `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/SOURCE_DATASET_ID/dicomStores/SOURCE_DICOM_STORE_ID:deidentify" | Select-Object -Expand Content
    响应如下所示。响应包含长时间运行的操作的标识符。当方法调用可能需要大量时间才能完成时，会返回长时间运行的操作。记下 OPERATION_ID 的值。下一步中您需要用到该值。

  2. 获取操作状态。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：数据集的位置
    • SOURCE_DATASET_ID：正在运行去标识化操作的数据集
    • OPERATION_ID：去标识化操作的 ID

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    执行以下命令：

    curl -X GET \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID"

    PowerShell

    执行以下命令：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method GET `
        -Headers $headers `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

    API Explorer

    打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

    您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

  3. 成功对 DICOM 数据进行去标识化并将操作元数据写入 FHIR 存储区后，您可以在 FHIR 存储区中查看来源资源。

    如需查看“Provenance”资源，请使用 fhir.search 方法。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    执行以下命令：

    curl -X GET \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DESTINATION_DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance"

    PowerShell

    执行以下命令：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method GET `
        -Headers $headers `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DESTINATION_DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance" | Select-Object -Expand Content
    以下响应是去标识化两个 DICOM 实例的结果。去标识化操作会创建以下三个来源资源：
    • 为两个 DICOM 实例各提供一个来源资源
    • 一个用于去标识化操作的来源资源

存储示例数据、创建相对 x 坐标自定义 FHIR 搜索，并执行查询

在运行此示例之前，请创建一个包含空 DICOM 存储区和空 FHIR 存储区的目标数据集。FHIR 存储区必须符合要求。

以下示例展示了如何存储在去标识化 DICOM 数据、写入 FHIR 存储区和搜索来源资源中创建的三个来源资源，然后创建自定义搜索。自定义搜索会查询去标识化 DICOM 实例之一中的 relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left。

  1. 存储“Provenance”资源。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    请求 JSON 正文：

    {
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "transaction",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {"method": "PUT", "url": "Provenance/operation-123"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "id": "operation-123",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store"
            }
          }
        ],
        "occurredDateTime": "2010-11-08T08:30:00-04:00",
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:30:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "system": "https://g.co/healthcare/operation",
                "value": "projects/my-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/my-dataset/operations/123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0,
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100021",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 10
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 18
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "John Doe"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 25
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 35
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1900-12-31"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00102150",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "US"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:25-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 1,
                    "extension": [
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00101010",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "30"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100020",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 4
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1234"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "transaction",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {"method": "PUT", "url": "Provenance/operation-123"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "id": "operation-123",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store"
            }
          }
        ],
        "occurredDateTime": "2010-11-08T08:30:00-04:00",
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:30:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "system": "https://g.co/healthcare/operation",
                "value": "projects/my-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/my-dataset/operations/123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0,
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100021",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 10
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 18
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "John Doe"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 25
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 35
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1900-12-31"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00102150",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "US"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:25-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 1,
                    "extension": [
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00101010",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "30"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100020",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 4
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1234"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}
EOF

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    curl -X POST \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
         -d @request.json \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir"

    PowerShell

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    @'
{
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "transaction",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {"method": "PUT", "url": "Provenance/operation-123"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "id": "operation-123",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store"
            }
          }
        ],
        "occurredDateTime": "2010-11-08T08:30:00-04:00",
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:30:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "system": "https://g.co/healthcare/operation",
                "value": "projects/my-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/my-dataset/operations/123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0,
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100021",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 10
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 18
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "John Doe"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 25
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 35
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1900-12-31"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00102150",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "US"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:25-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 1,
                    "extension": [
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00101010",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "30"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100020",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 4
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1234"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method POST `
        -Headers $headers `
        -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
        -InFile request.json `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir" | Select-Object -Expand Content

    您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

  2. 在 DICOM 图片的相对 x 坐标上创建 SearchParameter 资源。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    请求 JSON 正文：

    {
  "resourceType": "SearchParameter",
  "url": "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left",
  "base": ["Provenance"],
  "code": "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left",
  "name": "relative x-coordinate of the bottom left corner of the bounding box",
  "type": "number",
  "expression": "Provenance.entity.extension('https://g.co/dicom-images').extension('frame-index').extension('relative-bottom').value.as(Decimal)",
  "status": "active",
  "description": "A search on bottom left relative x-coordinate of annotations generated from de-identification of a DICOM file"
}

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "resourceType": "SearchParameter",
  "url": "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left",
  "base": ["Provenance"],
  "code": "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left",
  "name": "relative x-coordinate of the bottom left corner of the bounding box",
  "type": "number",
  "expression": "Provenance.entity.extension('https://g.co/dicom-images').extension('frame-index').extension('relative-bottom').value.as(Decimal)",
  "status": "active",
  "description": "A search on bottom left relative x-coordinate of annotations generated from de-identification of a DICOM file"
}
EOF

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    curl -X POST \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
         -d @request.json \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/SearchParameter"

    PowerShell

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    @'
{
  "resourceType": "SearchParameter",
  "url": "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left",
  "base": ["Provenance"],
  "code": "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left",
  "name": "relative x-coordinate of the bottom left corner of the bounding box",
  "type": "number",
  "expression": "Provenance.entity.extension('https://g.co/dicom-images').extension('frame-index').extension('relative-bottom').value.as(Decimal)",
  "status": "active",
  "description": "A search on bottom left relative x-coordinate of annotations generated from de-identification of a DICOM file"
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method POST `
        -Headers $headers `
        -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
        -InFile request.json `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/SearchParameter" | Select-Object -Expand Content

    您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

  3. 在 FHIR 存储区上启用自定义 SearchParameter 资源。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    请求 JSON 正文：

    {
  "canonicalUrls": [
    "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left"
  ]
}

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "canonicalUrls": [
    "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left"
  ]
}
EOF

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    curl -X POST \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
         -d @request.json \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID:configureSearch"

    PowerShell

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    @'
{
  "canonicalUrls": [
    "relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left"
  ]
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method POST `
        -Headers $headers `
        -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
        -InFile request.json `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID:configureSearch" | Select-Object -Expand Content
    响应如下所示。响应包含长时间运行的操作的标识符。当方法调用可能需要大量时间才能完成时，会返回长时间运行的操作。记下 OPERATION_ID 的值。下一步中您需要用到该值。

  4. 获取操作状态。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：正在运行自定义搜索操作的数据集
    • OPERATION_ID：自定义搜索操作的 ID

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    执行以下命令：

    curl -X GET \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID"

    PowerShell

    执行以下命令：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method GET `
        -Headers $headers `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

    API Explorer

    打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

    您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

  5. 使用相对 x 坐标搜索参数查询“Provenance”资源：

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl


    以下示例使用 relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left=le0.05 查询，该查询会搜索位于图片边缘 5% 范围内的 x 坐标。

    执行以下命令：

    curl -X GET \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance?relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left=le0.05"

    PowerShell


    以下示例使用 relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left=le0.05 查询，该查询会搜索位于图片边缘 5% 范围内的 x 坐标。

    执行以下命令：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method GET `
        -Headers $headers `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance?relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left=le0.05" | Select-Object -Expand Content
    响应显示系统返回了一条符合搜索查询的 DICOM 实例： 
    {
  "entry": [
    {
      "fullUrl": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance/90062087-8ac2-499c-b952-a04999578bd0",
      "resource": {
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      }
                    ],
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0
                  }
                ],
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images"
              },
              {
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 10
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 18
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "John Doe"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 25
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 35
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1900-12-31"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      }
                    ],
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100021"
                  },
                  {
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "US"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      }
                    ],
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00102150"
                  }
                ],
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags"
              }
            ],
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "id": "90062087-8ac2-499c-b952-a04999578bd0",
        "meta": {
          "lastUpdated": "LAST_UPDATED",
          "versionId": "MTY0NjY4NDg4Nzk3MDM2MTAwMA"
        },
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:24-04:00",
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "search": {
        "mode": "match"
      }
    }
  ],
  "link": [
    {
      "relation": "search",
      "url": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance/?relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left=le0.05"
    },
    {
      "relation": "first",
      "url": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance/?relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left=le0.05"
    },
    {
      "relation": "self",
      "url": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance/?relative-x-coordinate-bottom-left=le0.05"
    }
  ],
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "total": 1,
  "type": "searchset"
}

存储示例数据、创建源 DICOM 自定义 FHIR 搜索，以及执行查询

在运行此示例之前，请创建一个包含空 DICOM 存储区和空 FHIR 存储区的目标数据集。FHIR 存储区必须符合要求。

以下示例展示了如何存储在去标识化 DICOM 数据、写入 FHIR 存储区和搜索来源资源中创建的三个来源资源，然后创建自定义搜索。自定义搜索会查询两个源 DICOM 图像中的一个的相关信息。

  1. 存储“Provenance”资源。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    请求 JSON 正文：

    {
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "transaction",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {"method": "PUT", "url": "Provenance/operation-123"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "id": "operation-123",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store"
            }
          }
        ],
        "occurredDateTime": "2010-11-08T08:30:00-04:00",
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:30:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "system": "https://g.co/healthcare/operation",
                "value": "projects/my-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/my-dataset/operations/123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0,
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100021",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 10
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 18
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "John Doe"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 25
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 35
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1900-12-31"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00102150",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "US"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:25-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 1,
                    "extension": [
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00101010",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "30"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100020",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 4
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1234"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "transaction",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {"method": "PUT", "url": "Provenance/operation-123"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "id": "operation-123",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store"
            }
          }
        ],
        "occurredDateTime": "2010-11-08T08:30:00-04:00",
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:30:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "system": "https://g.co/healthcare/operation",
                "value": "projects/my-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/my-dataset/operations/123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0,
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100021",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 10
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 18
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "John Doe"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 25
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 35
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1900-12-31"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00102150",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "US"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:25-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 1,
                    "extension": [
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00101010",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "30"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100020",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 4
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1234"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}
EOF

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    curl -X POST \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
         -d @request.json \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir"

    PowerShell

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    @'
{
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "type": "transaction",
  "entry": [
    {
      "request": {"method": "PUT", "url": "Provenance/operation-123"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "id": "operation-123",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store"
            }
          }
        ],
        "occurredDateTime": "2010-11-08T08:30:00-04:00",
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:30:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "system": "https://g.co/healthcare/operation",
                "value": "projects/my-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/my-dataset/operations/123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store"
              }
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:24-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/3"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0,
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 100
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 200
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.05
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.1
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "left",
                        "valueDecimal": 900
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "right",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "top",
                        "valueDecimal": 1000
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-bottom",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-left",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.45
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-right",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "relative-top",
                        "valueDecimal": 0.5
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100021",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 10
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 18
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "John Doe"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "PERSON_NAME"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 25
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 35
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1900-12-31"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "DATE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00102150",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "US"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "LOCATION"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "request": {"method": "POST", "url": "Provenance"},
      "resource": {
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
            }
          }
        ],
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:25-04:00",
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
              }
            },
            "extension": [
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 1,
                    "extension": [
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags",
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00101010",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "30"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      }
                    ]
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100020",
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 4
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1234"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      }
                    ]
                  }
                ]
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method POST `
        -Headers $headers `
        -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
        -InFile request.json `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir" | Select-Object -Expand Content

    您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

  2. 在源 DICOM 图片上创建 SearchParameter 资源。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    请求 JSON 正文：

    {
  "resourceType": "SearchParameter",
  "url": "lookup-source-instance",
  "base": ["Provenance"],
  "code": "lookup-source-instance",
  "name": "look up the source DICOM instance",
  "type": "string",
  "expression": "Provenance.entity.what.identifier.value",
  "status": "active",
  "description": "A search on the source DICOM instance"
}

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "resourceType": "SearchParameter",
  "url": "lookup-source-instance",
  "base": ["Provenance"],
  "code": "lookup-source-instance",
  "name": "look up the source DICOM instance",
  "type": "string",
  "expression": "Provenance.entity.what.identifier.value",
  "status": "active",
  "description": "A search on the source DICOM instance"
}
EOF

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    curl -X POST \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
         -d @request.json \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/SearchParameter"

    PowerShell

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    @'
{
  "resourceType": "SearchParameter",
  "url": "lookup-source-instance",
  "base": ["Provenance"],
  "code": "lookup-source-instance",
  "name": "look up the source DICOM instance",
  "type": "string",
  "expression": "Provenance.entity.what.identifier.value",
  "status": "active",
  "description": "A search on the source DICOM instance"
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method POST `
        -Headers $headers `
        -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
        -InFile request.json `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/SearchParameter" | Select-Object -Expand Content

    您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

  3. 在 FHIR 存储区上启用自定义 SearchParameter 资源。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    请求 JSON 正文：

    {
  "canonicalUrls": [
    "lookup-source-instance"
  ]
}

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    cat > request.json << 'EOF'
{
  "canonicalUrls": [
    "lookup-source-instance"
  ]
}
EOF

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    curl -X POST \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         -H "Content-Type: application/fhir+json" \
         -d @request.json \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID:configureSearch"

    PowerShell

    将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中。在终端中运行以下命令，在当前目录中创建或覆盖此文件：

    @'
{
  "canonicalUrls": [
    "lookup-source-instance"
  ]
}
'@  | Out-File -FilePath request.json -Encoding utf8

    然后，执行以下命令以发送 REST 请求：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method POST `
        -Headers $headers `
        -ContentType: "application/fhir+json" `
        -InFile request.json `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID:configureSearch" | Select-Object -Expand Content
    响应如下所示。响应包含长时间运行的操作的标识符。当方法调用可能需要大量时间才能完成时，会返回长时间运行的操作。记下 OPERATION_ID 的值。下一步中您需要用到该值。

  4. 获取操作状态。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：正在运行自定义搜索操作的数据集
    • OPERATION_ID：自定义搜索操作的 ID

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl

    执行以下命令：

    curl -X GET \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID"

    PowerShell

    执行以下命令：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method GET `
        -Headers $headers `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/operations/OPERATION_ID" | Select-Object -Expand Content

    API Explorer

    打开方法参考页面。APIs Explorer 面板会在页面右侧打开。您可以与此工具进行交互以发送请求。 填写所有必填字段，然后点击执行。

    您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

  5. 使用来源 DICOM 图片搜索参数查询“Provenance”资源。

    在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID
    • LOCATION：父级数据集的位置
    • DATASET_ID：FHIR 存储区的父数据集
    • OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID：包含元数据的 FHIR 存储区的 ID

    如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

    curl


    以下示例使用 lookup-source-instance:contains=studies/1/series/2/instances/4 查询，该查询会返回实例的相关信息，其中实例的标识符中包含 studies/1/series/2/instances/4。

    执行以下命令：

    curl -X GET \
         -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
         "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance?lookup-source-instance:contains=studies/1/series/2/instances/4"

    PowerShell


    以下示例使用 lookup-source-instance:contains=studies/1/series/2/instances/4 查询，该查询会返回实例的相关信息，其中实例的标识符中包含 studies/1/series/2/instances/4。

    执行以下命令：

    $cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
    $headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

    Invoke-WebRequest `
        -Method GET `
        -Headers $headers `
        -Uri "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance?lookup-source-instance:contains=studies/1/series/2/instances/4" | Select-Object -Expand Content
    响应显示系统返回了一条符合搜索查询的 DICOM 实例： 
    {
  "entry": [
    {
      "fullUrl": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance/d82007a1-6481-4793-b17c-ae152051ee9f",
      "resource": {
        "agent": [
          {
            "who": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/fhirStores/test-fhir-store/fhir/Provenance/operation-123"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "entity": [
          {
            "extension": [
              {
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 0
                  },
                  {
                    "url": "frame-index",
                    "valueDecimal": 1
                  }
                ],
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-images"
              },
              {
                "extension": [
                  {
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 2
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "30"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "AGE"
                      }
                    ],
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00101010"
                  },
                  {
                    "extension": [
                      {
                        "url": "byte-start",
                        "valueDecimal": 0
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "byte-end",
                        "valueDecimal": 4
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "finding-infotype",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-original",
                        "valueString": "1234"
                      },
                      {
                        "url": "text-replaced",
                        "valueString": "GENERIC_ID"
                      }
                    ],
                    "url": "tag-id",
                    "valueString": "00100020"
                  }
                ],
                "url": "https://g.co/dicom-tags"
              }
            ],
            "role": "source",
            "what": {
              "identifier": {
                "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/test-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "id": "d82007a1-6481-4793-b17c-ae152051ee9f",
        "meta": {
          "lastUpdated": "2022-03-07T20:28:07.970361+00:00",
          "versionId": "MTY0NjY4NDg4Nzk3MDM2MTAwMA"
        },
        "recorded": "2010-11-08T08:39:25-04:00",
        "resourceType": "Provenance",
        "target": [
          {
            "identifier": {
              "value": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/projects/test-project/locations/us-central1/datasets/test-dataset/dicomStores/deid-dicom-store/dicomWeb/studies/1/series/2/instances/4"
            }
          }
        ]
      },
      "search": {
        "mode": "match"
      }
    }
  ],
  "link": [
    {
      "relation": "search",
      "url": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance/?lookup-source-instance%3Acontains=studies%2F1%2Fseries%2F2%2Finstances%2F4"
    },
    {
      "relation": "first",
      "url": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance/?lookup-source-instance%3Acontains=studies%2F1%2Fseries%2F2%2Finstances%2F4"
    },
    {
      "relation": "self",
      "url": "https://healthcare.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/datasets/DATASET_ID/fhirStores/OPERATION_METADATA_FHIR_STORE_ID/fhir/Provenance/?lookup-source-instance%3Acontains=studies%2F1%2Fseries%2F2%2Finstances%2F4"
    }
  ],
  "resourceType": "Bundle",
  "total": 1,
  "type": "searchset"
}

导出和查询操作元数据 FHIR 存储区

以下示例展示了如何将 FHIR 存储区中的去标识化操作元数据导出到 BigQuery，以及如何查询导出的数据以找出通过光学字符识别 (OCR) 处理的个人身份信息 (PHI) 数据。生成的数据仅与 LOSSLESS 或 ANALYTICS_V2 SchemaType 兼容。

  1. 将 FHIR 存储区中的元数据导出到 BigQuery 数据集。

    元数据会导出到所选 BigQuery 数据集中名为 Provenance 的表中。

  2. 转到 BigQuery 页面。

    转到 BigQuery

  3. 在探索器窗格中，完成以下步骤：

    1. 选择您的 Google Cloud 项目。
    2. 选择您导出 DICOM 元数据的 BigQuery 数据集。
    3. 选择来源表。

  4. 点击 编写新查询。

  5. 请运行以下查询：

    SELECT
  what.identifier.value AS Source,
  target[OFFSET(0)].identifier.value AS Destination,
  `left` AS `Left`,
  `right` AS `Right`,
  top AS Top,
  bottom AS Bottom,
  quote AS Quote,
  infoType AS InfoType,
  confidence AS Confidence
FROM
  `PROJECT_ID.BIGQUERY_DATASET.Provenance`, UNNEST(entity), UNNEST(dicom_images), UNNEST(frame_index)
LIMIT
  10

    替换以下内容：

    • PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目的 ID
    • BIGQUERY_DATASET：您从 FHIR 存储区导出元数据的 BigQuery 数据集

  6. 点击 运行。

    查询结果以表格格式显示去标识化个人健康信息数据的元数据。如果未指定目标表，则查询作业会将输出写入临时（缓存）表。

配额

将去标识化操作元数据写入 FHIR 存储区会消耗写入操作元数据的项目中的 fhir_write_ops 配额。系统会为每个 DICOM 实例创建一个 FHIR 资源，因此去标识化操作的吞吐量不得超过您的 FHIR 配额允许的范围。

结算

在操作元数据 FHIR 存储区中创建的每个来源资源都会产生调用 fhir.update 的费用。对 fhir.update 的 API 调用次数可按以下公式计算：Total number of DICOM instances de-identified + 1。

后续步骤