直接调用 Cloud Run functions 函数

为了支持快速迭代和调试，Cloud Run functions 在命令行界面中提供了一个 call 命令，并在 Google Cloud 控制台界面中提供了测试功能。这样，您就可以直接调用函数，确保其行为符合预期。在这种情况下，函数会立即执行，即使它可能是为响应特定事件而部署的也是如此。

使用 Google Cloud CLI 测试函数

如需使用 gcloud CLI 直接调用函数，请使用 gcloud functions call 命令，并在 --data 参数中以 JSON 格式提供函数所需的任何数据。例如：

gcloud functions call YOUR_FUNCTION_NAME \
  --region=REGION --gen2 \
  --data '{"name":"Kalani"}'

您需要进行如下替换：

YOUR_FUNCTION_NAME：要测试的函数的名称
REGION：函数部署到的 Google Cloud 区域

--data 是发送给您的函数的参数，如下所示：

对于 HTTP 函数，您提供的数据将以 POST 请求正文的形式发送。
对于 CloudEvent 函数，数据将以事件数据形式直接传递给您的函数。

如需了解详情，请参阅 gcloud functions call 文档。

使用 Google Cloud Console 测试函数

如需通过 Google Cloud 控制台直接调用函数，请按以下步骤操作：

前往 Cloud Run functions 概览页面。
从列表中点击要调用的函数的名称。此时将转到函数详情 (Function details) 页面。
点击测试标签。
在配置触发事件字段中，以 JSON 格式输入函数所需的任何数据。
点击 +Add query parameter（添加查询参数）和 +Add header parameter（添加标头参数），根据需要向函数调用添加查询参数和标头参数。

Google Cloud 控制台中的 CLI 测试命令窗口会将您指定的参数组装成 gcloud functions call 命令。
选择在 Cloud Shell 中运行，打开 Cloud Shell 窗口以运行此命令。
在 Cloud Shell 窗口中显示 gcloud functions call 命令后，按 Enter 键触发该命令。

Cloud Pub/Sub 事件驱动的函数示例

本示例演示了如何直接调用由 Cloud Pub/Sub 事件触发的事件驱动函数：

Node.js

const functions = require('@google-cloud/functions-framework');

// Register a CloudEvent callback with the Functions Framework that will
// be executed when the Pub/Sub trigger topic receives a message.
functions.cloudEvent('helloPubSub', cloudEvent => {
  // The Pub/Sub message is passed as the CloudEvent's data payload.
  const base64name = cloudEvent.data.message.data;

  const name = base64name
    ? Buffer.from(base64name, 'base64').toString()
    : 'World';

  console.log(`Hello, ${name}!`);
});

Python

import base64

from cloudevents.http import CloudEvent
import functions_framework


# Triggered from a message on a Cloud Pub/Sub topic.
@functions_framework.cloud_event
def subscribe(cloud_event: CloudEvent) -> None:
    # Print out the data from Pub/Sub, to prove that it worked
    print(
        "Hello, " + base64.b64decode(cloud_event.data["message"]["data"]).decode() + "!"
    )

Go


// Package helloworld provides a set of Cloud Functions samples.
package helloworld

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"log"

	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/functions-framework-go/functions"
	"github.com/cloudevents/sdk-go/v2/event"
)

func init() {
	functions.CloudEvent("HelloPubSub", helloPubSub)
}

// MessagePublishedData contains the full Pub/Sub message
// See the documentation for more details:
// https://cloud.google.com/eventarc/docs/cloudevents#pubsub
type MessagePublishedData struct {
	Message PubSubMessage
}

// PubSubMessage is the payload of a Pub/Sub event.
// See the documentation for more details:
// https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/docs/reference/rest/v1/PubsubMessage
type PubSubMessage struct {
	Data []byte `json:"data"`
}

// helloPubSub consumes a CloudEvent message and extracts the Pub/Sub message.
func helloPubSub(ctx context.Context, e event.Event) error {
	var msg MessagePublishedData
	if err := e.DataAs(&msg); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("event.DataAs: %w", err)
	}

	name := string(msg.Message.Data) // Automatically decoded from base64.
	if name == "" {
		name = "World"
	}
	log.Printf("Hello, %s!", name)
	return nil
}

Java

import com.google.cloud.functions.CloudEventsFunction;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import functions.eventpojos.PubSubBody;
import io.cloudevents.CloudEvent;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class SubscribeToTopic implements CloudEventsFunction {
  private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(SubscribeToTopic.class.getName());

  @Override
  public void accept(CloudEvent event) {
    // The Pub/Sub message is passed as the CloudEvent's data payload.
    if (event.getData() != null) {
      // Extract Cloud Event data and convert to PubSubBody
      String cloudEventData = new String(event.getData().toBytes(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      Gson gson = new Gson();
      PubSubBody body = gson.fromJson(cloudEventData, PubSubBody.class);
      // Retrieve and decode PubSub message data
      String encodedData = body.getMessage().getData();
      String decodedData =
          new String(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encodedData), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
      logger.info("Hello, " + decodedData + "!");
    }
  }
}

C#

using CloudNative.CloudEvents;
using Google.Cloud.Functions.Framework;
using Google.Events.Protobuf.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace HelloPubSub;

public class Function : ICloudEventFunction<MessagePublishedData>
{
    private readonly ILogger _logger;

    public Function(ILogger<Function> logger) =>
        _logger = logger;

    public Task HandleAsync(CloudEvent cloudEvent, MessagePublishedData data, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
        string nameFromMessage = data.Message?.TextData;
        string name = string.IsNullOrEmpty(nameFromMessage) ? "world" : nameFromMessage;
        _logger.LogInformation("Hello {name}", name);
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }
}

Ruby

require "functions_framework"
require "base64"

FunctionsFramework.cloud_event "hello_pubsub" do |event|
  # The event parameter is a CloudEvents::Event::V1 object.
  # See https://cloudevents.github.io/sdk-ruby/latest/CloudEvents/Event/V1.html
  name = Base64.decode64 event.data["message"]["data"] rescue "World"

  # A cloud_event function does not return a response, but you can log messages
  # or cause side effects such as sending additional events.
  logger.info "Hello, #{name}!"
end

PHP


use CloudEvents\V1\CloudEventInterface;
use Google\CloudFunctions\FunctionsFramework;

// Register the function with Functions Framework.
// This enables omitting the `FUNCTIONS_SIGNATURE_TYPE=cloudevent` environment
// variable when deploying. The `FUNCTION_TARGET` environment variable should
// match the first parameter.
FunctionsFramework::cloudEvent('helloworldPubsub', 'helloworldPubsub');

function helloworldPubsub(CloudEventInterface $event): void
{
    $log = fopen(getenv('LOGGER_OUTPUT') ?: 'php://stderr', 'wb');

    $cloudEventData = $event->getData();
    $pubSubData = base64_decode($cloudEventData['message']['data']);

    $name = $pubSubData ? htmlspecialchars($pubSubData) : 'World';
    fwrite($log, "Hello, $name!" . PHP_EOL);
}

如需直接调用该函数，请以事件数据的形式发送 PubsubMessage，该消息应为采用 base64 编码的数据：