Note: Go 1.11 has reached end of support on January 30, 2024. Your existing Go 1.11 applications will continue to run and receive traffic. However, App Engine might block re-deployment of applications that use runtimes after their end of support date. We recommend that you migrate to the latest supported version of Go.

Go 1.11 Runtime Environment

The Go 1.11 runtime is the software stack responsible for installing your web service's code and its dependencies and running your service.

The Go 1.11 runtime for App Engine in the standard environment is declared in the app.yaml file:

runtime: go111

Go version

The Go 1.11 runtime environment uses the latest stable release of Go 1.11. App Engine automatically updates to new minor revisions, but will not automatically update the major version.

For example, your application might be deployed at Go 1.11.1 and automatically updated to version 1.11.2 at a later deployment, but it will not be automatically updated to Go 1.12.

Dependencies

For more information on declaring and managing dependencies, see Specifying dependencies.

Environment variables

The following environment variables are set by the runtime:

Environment variable	Description
`GAE_APPLICATION`	The ID of your App Engine application. This ID is prefixed with '`region code`~' such as 'e~' for applications deployed in Europe.
`GAE_DEPLOYMENT_ID`	The ID of the current deployment.
`GAE_ENV`	The App Engine environment. Set to `standard`.
`GAE_INSTANCE`	The ID of the instance on which your service is currently running.
`GAE_MEMORY_MB`	The amount of memory available to the application process, in MB.
`GAE_RUNTIME`	The runtime specified in your `app.yaml` file.
`GAE_SERVICE`	The service name specified in your `app.yaml` file. If no service name is specified, it is set to `default`.
`GAE_VERSION`	The current version label of your service.
`GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT`	The Google Cloud project ID associated with your application.
`PORT`	The port that receives HTTP requests.

You can define additional environment variables in your app.yaml file, but the above values cannot be overridden.

HTTPS and forwarding proxies

App Engine terminates HTTPS connections at the load balancer and forwards requests to your application. Some applications need to determine the original request IP and protocol. The user's IP address is available in the standard X-Forwarded-For header. Applications that require this information should configure their web framework to trust the proxy.

Filesystem

The runtime includes a writable /tmp directory, with all other directories having read-only access. Writing to /tmp takes up system memory. For more information, see the TempDir and TempFile documentation.

Metadata server

Each instance of your application can use the App Engine metadata server to query information about the instance and your project.

You can access the metadata server through the following endpoints:

http://metadata
http://metadata.google.internal

Requests sent to the metadata server must include the request header Metadata-Flavor: Google. This header indicates that the request was sent with the intention of retrieving metadata values.

The following table lists the endpoints where you can make HTTP requests for specific metadata:

Metadata endpoint	Description
`/computeMetadata/v1/project/numeric-project-id`	The project number assigned to your project.
`/computeMetadata/v1/project/project-id`	The project ID assigned to your project.
`/computeMetadata/v1/instance/zone`	The zone the instance is running in.
`/computeMetadata/v1/instance/service-accounts/default/aliases`
`/computeMetadata/v1/instance/service-accounts/default/email`	The default service account email assigned to your project.
`/computeMetadata/v1/instance/service-accounts/default/`	Lists all the default service accounts for your project.
`/computeMetadata/v1/instance/service-accounts/default/scopes`	Lists all the supported scopes for the default service accounts.
`/computeMetadata/v1/instance/service-accounts/default/token`	Returns the auth token that can be used to authenticate your application to other Google Cloud APIs.

For example, to retrieve your project ID, send a request to http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/project/project-id.

Environment variables

The following environment variables are set by the runtime:

Environment variable	Description
`GAE_APPLICATION`	The ID of your App Engine application. This ID is prefixed with '`region code`~' such as 'e~' for applications deployed in Europe.
`GAE_DEPLOYMENT_ID`	The ID of the current deployment.
`GAE_ENV`	The App Engine environment. Set to `standard`.
`GAE_INSTANCE`	The ID of the instance on which your service is currently running.
`GAE_MEMORY_MB`	The amount of memory available to the application process, in MB.
`GAE_RUNTIME`	The runtime specified in your `app.yaml` file.
`GAE_SERVICE`	The service name specified in your `app.yaml` file. If no service name is specified, it is set to `default`.
`GAE_VERSION`	The current version label of your service.
`GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT`	The Google Cloud project ID associated with your application.
`PORT`	The port that receives HTTP requests.

You can define additional environment variables in your app.yaml file, but the above values cannot be overridden.