Troubleshoot cluster creation or upgrade

This page shows you how to resolve issues related to installing or upgrading GKE on Bare Metal clusters.

If you need additional assistance, reach out to Cloud Customer Care.

Installation issues

The following sections might help you to troubleshoot issues with installing GKE on Bare Metal.

Transient error messages

The installation process for GKE on Bare Metal is a continuous reconciliation loop. As a result, you might see transient error messages in the log during installation.

As long as the installation completes successfully, these errors can be safely ignored. The following is a list of typical transient error log messages:

  Internal error occurred: failed calling webhook "webhook.cert-manager.io": Post
  https://cert-manager-webhook.cert-manager.svc:443/mutate?timeout=10s:
  dial tcp IP_ADDRESS:443: connect: connection refused

  Internal error occurred: failed calling webhook "vcluster.kb.io": Post
  https://webhook-service.kube-system.svc:443/validate-baremetal-cluster-gke-io-v1-cluster?timeout=30s:
  dial tcp IP_ADDRESS:443: connect: connection refused

  Failed to register cluster with GKE Hub; gcloud output: error running command
  'gcloud container fleet memberships register CLUSTER_NAME  --verbosity=error --quiet':
  error: exit status 1, stderr: 'ERROR: (gcloud.container.hub.memberships.register)
  Failed to check if the user is a cluster-admin: Unable to connect to the server: EOF

  Get
  https://127.0.0.1:34483/apis/infrastructure.baremetal.cluster.gke.io/v1/namespaces/cluster-
  cluster1/baremetalmachines: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:34483: connect: connection refused"

  Create Kind Cluster "msg"="apply run failed" "error"="unable to recognize \"/tmp/kout088683152\": no matches for kind \"NetworkLogging\" in version \"networking.gke.io/v1alpha1\""
  Create Kind Cluster "msg"="apply run failed" "error"="unable to recognize \"/tmp/kout869681888\": no matches for kind \"Provider\" in version \"clusterctl.cluster.x-k8s.io/v1alpha3\""

If your Google Cloud service account key has expired, you see the following error messages from bmctl:

Error validating cluster config: 3 errors occurred:
        * GKEConnect check failed: Get https://gkehub.googleapis.com/v1beta1/projects/project/locations/global/memberships/admin: oauth2: cannot fetch token: 400 Bad Request
Response: {"error":"invalid_grant","error_description":"Invalid JWT Signature."}
        * ClusterOperations check failed: Post https://cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com/v1/projects/project:testIamPermissions?alt=json&prettyPrint=false: oauth2: cannot fetch token: 400 Bad Request
Response: {"error":"invalid_grant","error_description":"Invalid JWT Signature."}
        * GCR pull permission for bucket: artifacts.anthos-baremetal-release.appspot.com failed: Get https://storage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/artifacts.anthos-baremetal-release.appspot.com/iam/testPermissions?alt=json&permissions=storage.objects.get&permissions=storage.objects.list&prettyPrint=false: oauth2: cannot fetch token: 400 Bad Request
Response: {"error":"invalid_grant","error_description":"Invalid JWT Signature."}

You need to generate a new service account key.

Use the bootstrap cluster to debug issues

When GKE on Bare Metal creates self-managed (admin, hybrid, or standalone) clusters, it deploys a Kubernetes in Docker (kind) cluster to temporarily host the Kubernetes controllers needed to create clusters. This transient cluster is called a bootstrap cluster. User clusters are created and upgraded by their managing admin or hybrid cluster without the use of a bootstrap cluster.

If a kind cluster already exists in your deployment when you attempt to install, GKE on Bare Metal deletes the existing kind cluster. Deletion only happens after the installation or upgrade is successful. To preserve the existing kind cluster even after success, use the --keep-bootstrap-cluster flag of bmctl.

GKE on Bare Metal creates a configuration file for the bootstrap cluster under WORKSPACE_DIR/.kindkubeconfig. You can connect to the bootstrap cluster only during cluster creation and upgrade.

The bootstrap cluster needs to access a Docker repository to pull images. The registry defaults to Container Registry unless you are using a private registry. During cluster creation,bmctl creates the following files:

  • bmctl-workspace/config.json: Contains Google Cloud service account credentials for the registry access. The credentials are obtained from the gcrKeyPath field in the cluster configuration file.

  • bmctl-workspace/config.toml: Contains the containerd configuration in the kind cluster.

Examine the bootstrap cluster logs

To debug the bootstrap cluster you can take the following steps:

  • Connect to the bootstrap cluster during cluster creation and upgrade.
  • Get the logs of the bootstrap cluster.

You can find the logs in the machine you use to run bmctl in the following folders:

  • bmctl-workspace/CLUSTER_NAME/log/create-cluster-TIMESTAMP/bootstrap-cluster/
  • bmctl-workspace/CLUSTER_NAME/log/upgrade-cluster-TIMESTAMP/bootstrap-cluster/

Replace CLUSTER_NAME and TIMESTAMP with the name of your cluster and the corresponding system's time.

To get the logs from the bootstrap cluster directly, you can run the following command during cluster creation and upgrade:

docker exec -it bmctl-control-plane bash

The command opens a terminal inside the bmctl control plane container that runs in the bootstrap cluster.

To inspect the kubelet and containerd logs, use the following commands and look for errors or warnings in the output:

journalctl -u kubelet
journalctl -u containerd

Cluster upgrade issues

When you upgrade GKE on Bare Metal clusters, you can monitor the progress and check the status of your clusters and nodes.

The following guidance can help determine if the upgrade is continuing as normal or there's a problem.

Monitor the upgrade progress

Use the kubectl describe cluster command to view the status of a cluster during the upgrade process:

kubectl describe cluster CLUSTER_NAME \
    --namespace CLUSTER_NAMESPACE \
    --kubeconfig ADMIN_KUBECONFIG

Replace the following values:

  • CLUSTER_NAME: the name of your cluster.
  • CLUSTER_NAMESPACE: the namespace of your cluster.
  • ADMIN_KUBECONFIG: the admin kubeconfig file.
    • By default, admin, hybrid, and standalone clusters use an in-place upgrade. If you use the --use-bootstrap=true flag with the bmctl upgrade command, the upgrade operation uses a bootstrap cluster. To monitor upgrade progress when a bootstrap cluster is used, specify the path to the bootstrap cluster kubeconfig file, .kindkubeconfig. This file is located in the workspace directory.

Look at the Status section of the output, which shows an aggregation of the cluster upgrade status. If the cluster reports an error, use the following sections to troubleshoot where the issue is.

Check if the nodes are ready

Use the kubectl get nodes command to view the status of nodes in a cluster during the upgrade process:

kubectl get nodes --kubeconfig KUBECONFIG

To check if a node has successfully completed the upgrade process, look at the VERSION and AGE columns in the command response. The VERSION is the Kubernetes version for the cluster. To see the Kubernetes version for a given GKE on Bare Metal version, see the table in Version Support Policy.

If the node shows NOT READY, try to connect the node and check the kubelet status:

systemctl status kubelet

You can also review the kubelet logs:

journalctl -u kubelet

Review the output of the kubelet status and logs to messages that indicate why the node has a problem.

Check which node is currently upgrading

To check which node in the cluster is currently in the process of being upgraded, use the kubectl get baremetalmachines command:

kubectl get baremetalmachines --namespace CLUSTER_NAMESPACE \
    --kubeconfig ADMIN_KUBECONFIG

Replace the following values:

  • CLUSTER_NAMESPACE: the namespace of your cluster.
  • ADMIN_KUBECONFIG: the admin kubeconfig file.
    • If a bootstrap cluster is used for an admin, hybrid, or standalone upgrade, specify the bootstrap cluster kubeconfig file (bmctl-workspace/.kindkubeconfig).

The following example output shows that the node being currently being upgraded has an ABM VERSION different from the DESIRED ABM VERSION:

NAME         CLUSTER    READY   INSTANCEID               MACHINE      ABM VERSION   DESIRED ABM VERSION
10.200.0.2   cluster1   true    baremetal://10.200.0.2   10.200.0.2   1.13.0        1.14.0
10.200.0.3   cluster1   true    baremetal://10.200.0.3   10.200.0.3   1.13.0        1.13.0

Check what nodes are currently being drained

During the upgrade process, nodes are drained of Pods, and scheduling is disabled until the node is successfully upgraded. To see which nodes are currently being drained of Pods, use the kubectl get nodes command:

kubectl get nodes --kubeconfig USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG | grep "SchedulingDisabled"

Replace USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG with the path to the user cluster kubeconfig file.

The STATUS column is filtered using grep to only show nodes that report SchedulingDisabled. This status indicates that the nodes are being drained.

You can also check the node status from the admin cluster:

kubectl get baremetalmachines -n CLUSTER_NAMESPACE \
  --kubeconfig ADMIN_KUBECONFIG

Replace the following values:

  • CLUSTER_NAMESPACE: the namespace of your cluster.
  • ADMIN_KUBECONFIG: the admin kubeconfig file.
    • If a bootstrap cluster is used for an admin, hybrid, or standalone upgrade, specify the bootstrap cluster kubeconfig file (bmctl-workspace/.kindkubeconfig).

The node getting drained shows the status under the MAINTENANCE column.

Check why a node has been in the status of draining for a long time

Use one of the methods in the previous section to identify the node getting drained by using the using kubectl get nodes command. Use the kubectl get pods command and filter on this node name to view additional details:

kubectl get pods --all-namespaces -o wide --field-selector spec.nodeName=NODE_NAME

Replace NODE_NAME with the name of the node being drained. The output returns a list of Pods that are currently stuck or slow to drain. The upgrade proceeds, even with stuck Pods, when the draining process on a node takes more than 20 minutes.

Check why Pods are unhealthy

Upgrades can fail if a Pod contains upgrade-first-node or upgrade-node control plane IP addresses. This behavior is usually because the static Pods aren't healthy.

  1. Check the static Pods with the crictl ps -a command and look for any crashing Kubernetes or etcd Pods. If you have any failed Pods, review the logs for the Pods to see why they're crashing.

    Some possibilities for crashloop behavior include the following:

    • Permissions or owner of files mounted to static Pods aren't correct.
    • Connectivity to the virtual IP address doesn't work.
    • Issues with etcd.

  2. If the crictl ps command doesn't work or return nothing, check the kubelet and containerd status. Use the systemctl status SERVICE and journalctl -u SERVICE commands to look at the logs.

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