Supported frameworks list

This page lists the supported frameworks and their constituent packages for the following services:

Prebuilt containers for custom training
Prebuilt containers for predictions and explanations
Prebuilt containers for Ray on Vertex AI
Vertex AI Pipelines
Vertex AI Workbench user-managed notebooks

For an in-depth explanation of the framework support policy, see Vertex AI framework support policy.

Supported frameworks for custom training

Vertex AI uses container images to configure cloud resources to service your training requests. The following versions are supported for custom training prebuilt containers:

TensorFlow

ML framework version Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable) End of patch and support date End of availability Supported images

2.15 (Python 3.10)

TPU only

Oct 23, 2024

Oct 23, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-tpu.2-15.cp310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-tpu.2-15.cp310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-tpu.2-15.cp310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.15.x (latest patch) sympy 1.12 xgboost 2.0.3 python-json-logger 2.0.7 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.7.1 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.1.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.14 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Sep 26, 2024

Sep 26, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-14.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-14.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-14.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.14.x (latest patch) sympy 1.12 xgboost 2.0.3 python-json-logger 2.0.7 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.7.1 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.1.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.14 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 26, 2024

Sep 26, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-14.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-14.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-14.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.14.x (latest patch) sympy 1.12 xgboost 2.0.3 python-json-logger 2.0.7 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.7.1 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.1.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.13 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Jul 5, 2024

Jul 5, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-13.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-13.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-13.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.13.x (latest patch) sympy 1.12 xgboost 2.0.3 python-json-logger 2.0.7 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.7.1 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.1.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.13 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Jul 5, 2024

Jul 5, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-13.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-13.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-13.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.13.x (latest patch) sympy 1.12 xgboost 2.0.3 python-json-logger 2.0.7 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.7.1 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.1.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.12 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Jun 30, 2024

Jun 30, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-12.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-12.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-12.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.12.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.2 python-json-logger 2.0.4 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.0.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.12 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Jun 30, 2024

Jun 30, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-12.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-12.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-12.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.12.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.2 python-json-logger 2.0.4 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.0.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.12 (Python 3.8)

TPU only

Jun 30, 2024

Jun 30, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-tpu.2-12:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-tpu.2-12:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-tpu.2-12:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.12.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.2 python-json-logger 2.0.4 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.0.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.11 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-11.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-11.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-11.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.11.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.2 python-json-logger 2.0.4 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.0.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.11 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-11.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-11.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-11.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.11.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.2 python-json-logger 2.0.4 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.0.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.11 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-11:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-11:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-11:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.11.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.2 python-json-logger 2.0.4 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.0.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.11 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-11:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-11:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-11:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.11.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.2 python-json-logger 2.0.4 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 5.0.0 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.6.1 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.9 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-9.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-9.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-9.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.9.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.1 python-json-logger 2.0.2 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 4.0.3 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.5.0 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.9 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-9.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-9.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-9.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.9.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.1 python-json-logger 2.0.2 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 4.0.3 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.5.0 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.9 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-9:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-9:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-9:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.9.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.1 python-json-logger 2.0.2 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 4.0.3 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.5.0 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.9 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-9:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-9:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-9:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.9.x (latest patch) sympy 1.10.1 xgboost 1.6.1 python-json-logger 2.0.2 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 4.0.3 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.5.0 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.8 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-8.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-8.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-8.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.8.x (latest patch) sympy 1.9 xgboost 1.5.2 python-json-logger 2.0.2 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 4.0.3 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.3.3 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.8 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-8.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-8.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-8.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.8.x (latest patch) sympy 1.9 xgboost 1.5.2 python-json-logger 2.0.2 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 4.0.3 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.3.3 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.8 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-8:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-8:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-8:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.8.x (latest patch) sympy 1.9 xgboost 1.5.2 python-json-logger 2.0.2 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 4.0.3 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.3.3 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.8 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-8:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-8:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-8:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
tensorflow 2.8.x (latest patch) sympy 1.9 xgboost 1.5.2 python-json-logger 2.0.2 WebOb 1.8.7 Paste 3.5.0 webapp2 3.0.0b1 mock 4.0.3 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.3.3 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.7 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-7:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-7:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-7:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

tensorflow 2.7.x (latest patch)
sympy 1.9
xgboost 1.5.0
python-json-logger 2.0.2
WebOb 1.8.7
Paste 3.5.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.3
google-cloud-resource-manager 1.3.1
cloudml-hypertune
Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

curl
libcurl3-dev
wget
zip
unzip
git
vim
build-essential
ca-certificates
pkg-config
rsync
ca-certificates-java
libatlas-base-dev
liblapack-dev
gfortran
libpng-dev
libjpeg-dev
python3.7
python3-dev
python3.7-dev
python3-pip
python3-setuptools
python2.7
python-dev
python-setuptools
gdb
openjdk-8-jdk
openjdk-8-jre-headless
g++
zlib1g-dev
libio-all-perl
module-init-tools
libsnappy-dev
libyaml-0-2
python-opencv

2.7 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-7:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-7:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-7:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

2.6 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-6:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-6:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-6:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

tensorflow 2.6.x (latest patch)
sympy 1.8
xgboost 1.4.2
python-json-logger 2.0.2
WebOb 1.8.7
Paste 3.5.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.3
google-cloud-resource-manager 1.0.2
cloudml-hypertune
Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.6 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-6:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-6:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-6:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

2.5 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-5:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-5:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-5:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

tensorflow 2.5.x (latest patch)
sympy 1.8
xgboost 1.4.0
PyYAML 3.13
python-json-logger 2.0.1
WebOb 1.8.7
Paste 3.5.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.3
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.30.3
cloudml-hypertune
Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.5 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-5:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-5:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-5:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

2.4 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-4:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-4:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-4:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

tensorflow 2.4.x (latest patch)
numpy 1.19.4
pandas 1.1.5
scipy 1.5.4
scikit-learn 0.24.0
sympy 1.7.1
statsmodels 0.12.1
xgboost 1.3.1
oauth2client 4.1.3
httplib2 0.15.0
python-dateutil 2.8.1
six 1.15.0
future 0.18.2
PyYAML 3.13
wrapt 1.12.1
crcmod 1.7
google-api-python-client 1.9.0
python-json-logger 2.0.1
wheel 0.36.2
WebOb 1.8.6
Paste 3.5.0
tornado 5.1.1
grpcio 1.32.0
requests 2.25.1
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.3
google-cloud-bigquery 2.6.1
google-cloud-bigtable 1.6.1
google-cloud-datastore 2.1.0
google-cloud-logging 1.15.0
google-cloud-pubsub 2.2.0
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.30.3
google-cloud-storage 1.35.0
joblib 1.0.0
cloudml-hypertune
psutil 5.8.0

2.4 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-4:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-4:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-4:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

2.3 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-3:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-3:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-3:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

tensorflow 2.3.x (latest patch)
numpy 1.18.5
pandas 1.1.3
scipy 1.4.1
scikit-learn 0.23.2
sympy 1.6.2
statsmodels 0.12.0
xgboost 1.2.1
oauth2client 4.1.3
httplib2 0.15.0
python-dateutil 2.8.1
six 1.15.0
future 0.18.2
PyYAML 3.13
wrapt 1.12.1
crcmod 1.7
google-api-python-client 1.9.0
python-json-logger 2.0.1
wheel 0.35.1
WebOb 1.8.6
Paste 3.5.0
tornado 5.1.1
grpcio 1.33.1
requests 2.24.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.2
google-cloud-bigquery 2.2.0
google-cloud-bigtable 1.5.1
google-cloud-datastore 1.15.3
google-cloud-logging 1.15.0
google-cloud-pubsub 2.1.0
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.30.2
google-cloud-storage 1.32.0
joblib 0.17.0
cloudml-hypertune
psutil 5.7.2

2.3 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-3:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-3:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-3:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

2.2 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-2:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-2:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-2:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

tensorflow 2.2.x (latest patch)
numpy 1.18.5
pandas 1.0.4
scipy 1.4.1
scikit-learn 0.23.1
sympy 1.6
statsmodels 0.11.1
xgboost 1.1.1
oauth2client 4.1.3
httplib2 0.18.1
python-dateutil 2.8.1
six 1.15.0
future 0.18.2
PyYAML 5.3.1
wrapt 1.12.1
crcmod 1.7
google-api-python-client 1.9.3
python-json-logger 0.1.11
wheel 0.34.2
WebOb 1.8.6
Paste 3.4.1
tornado 5.1.1
grpcio 1.29.0
requests 2.23.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.2
google-cloud-bigquery 1.25.0
google-cloud-bigtable 1.2.1
google-cloud-datastore 1.12.0
google-cloud-logging 1.15.0
google-cloud-pubsub 1.6.0
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.30.2
google-cloud-storage 1.29.0
joblib 0.15.1
cloudml-hypertune
psutil 5.7.0

2.2 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-2:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-2:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-2:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

2.1 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-1:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-1:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.2-1:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

tensorflow 2.1.0
numpy 1.18.0
pandas 0.25.3
scipy 1.4.1
scikit-learn 0.22.1
sympy 1.5
statsmodels 0.10.2
xgboost 0.90
oauth2client 4.1.3
httplib2 0.15.0
python-dateutil 2.8.1
six 1.13.0
future 0.18.2
PyYAML 5.2
wrapt 1.11.2
crcmod 1.7
google-api-python-client 1.7.11
python-json-logger 0.1.11
wheel 0.33.6
WebOb 1.8.5
Paste 3.2.3
tornado 5.1.1
grpcio 1.26.0
requests 2.22.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 3.0.5
google-cloud-bigquery 1.23.1
google-cloud-bigtable 1.2.0
google-cloud-datastore 1.10.0
google-cloud-logging 1.14.0
google-cloud-pubsub 1.1.0
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.30.0
google-cloud-storage 1.23.0
joblib 0.14.1
cloudml-hypertune
psutil 5.7.0

2.1 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-1:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-1:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.2-1:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

1.15 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.1-15:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.1-15:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-cpu.1-15:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

tensorflow 1.15.0
numpy 1.16.5
pandas 0.24.2
scipy 1.2.2
scikit-learn 0.20.4
sympy 1.4
statsmodels 0.10.1
xgboost 0.82
oauth2client 4.1.3
httplib2 0.12.0
python-dateutil 2.7.5
argparse 1.4.0
six 1.12.0
future 0.17.1
PyYAML 3.13
wrapt 1.11.1
crcmod 1.7
google-api-python-client 1.7.8
python-json-logger 0.1.10
wheel 0.32.3
WebOb 1.8.5
Paste 3.0.6
tornado 5.1.1
grpcio 1.18.0
requests 2.19.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 2.0.0
google-cloud-bigquery 1.20.0
google-cloud-bigtable 1.0.0
google-cloud-datastore 1.9.0
google-cloud-logging 1.12.1
google-cloud-pubsub 1.0.0
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.29.2
google-cloud-storage 1.19.1
joblib 0.13.0
cloudml-hypertune
psutil 5.7.0

1.15 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.1-15:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.1-15:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/tf-gpu.1-15:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

PyTorch

ML framework version Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable) End of patch and support date End of availability Supported images

2.3 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Apr 24, 2025

Apr 24, 2026

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-3.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-3.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-3.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.3.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.3 (Python 3.10)

GPU only (CUDA 12.x)

Apr 24, 2025

Apr 24, 2026

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-3.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-3.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-3.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.3.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.2 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Jan 30, 2025

Oct 23, 2026

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-2.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-2.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-2.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.2.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.2 (Python 3.10)

GPU only (CUDA 12.x)

Jan 30, 2025

Jan 30, 2026

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-2.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-2.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-2.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.2.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.1 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Oct 4, 2024

Oct 4, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-1.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-1.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-1.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.1.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.1 (Python 3.10)

GPU only (CUDA 12.x)

Oct 4, 2024

Oct 4, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-1.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-1.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-1.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.1.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.1 (Python 3.8)

TPU only

Oct 23, 2024

Oct 23, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-tpu.2-1.cp310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-tpu.2-1.cp310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-tpu.2-1.cp310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.1.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.0 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

Mar 15, 2024

Mar 15, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-0.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-0.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.2-0.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.0.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.0 (Python 3.10)

GPU only (CUDA 11.x)

Mar 15, 2024

Mar 15, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-0.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-0.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.2-0.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.0.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

2.0 (Python 3.8)

TPU only

May 15, 2024

May 15, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-tpu.2-0:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-tpu.2-0:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-tpu.2-0:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 2.0.x (latest patch) absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.7 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	curl libcurl3-dev wget zip unzip git vim build-essential ca-certificates pkg-config rsync ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran libpng-dev libjpeg-dev python3.8 python3-dev python3.7-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ zlib1g-dev libio-all-perl module-init-tools libsnappy-dev libyaml-0-2 python-opencv

1.13 (Python 3.10)

CPU or GPU (CUDA 11.x)

May 15, 2024

May 15, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-13.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-13.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-13.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 1.13.x (latest patch) absl-py 1.3.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.4 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2

1.13 (Python 3.7)

CPU or GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Dec 8, 2023

Dec 8, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-13:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-13:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-13:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 1.13.x (latest patch) absl-py 1.3.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.4 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2

1.12 (Python 3.10)

CPU or GPU (CUDA 11.x)

May 15, 2024

May 15, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-12.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-12.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-12.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 1.12.x (latest patch) absl-py 1.3.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.4 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2

1.12 (Python 3.7)

CPU or GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-12:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-12:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-12:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 1.12.x (latest patch) absl-py 1.3.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.4 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2

1.11 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-11:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-11:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-11:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 1.11.x (latest patch) absl-py 1.0.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.2 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2

1.11 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-11:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-11:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-11:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 1.11.x (latest patch) absl-py 1.0.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.2 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2

1.10 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-10:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-10:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-10:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 1.10.x (latest patch) absl-py 1.0.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.2 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2

1.10 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-10:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-10:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-10:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
PyTorch 1.10.x (latest patch) absl-py 1.0.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 python-json-logger 2.0.2 cloudml-hypertune Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gdb openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jre-headless g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2

1.9 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-9:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-9:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-9:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

PyTorch 1.9.x (latest patch)
absl-py 0.13.0
cloud-tpu-client 0.10
python-json-logger 2.0.2
cloudml-hypertune
Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

1.9 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-9:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-9:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-9:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

PyTorch 1.9.x (latest patch)
absl-py 0.13.0
cloud-tpu-client 0.10
python-json-logger 2.0.2
cloudml-hypertune
Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

1.7 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-7:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-7:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-7:latest

Included dependencies

Deep Learning Containers dependencies

1.7 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-7:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-7:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-7:latest

Included dependencies

Deep Learning Containers dependencies

1.6 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-6:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-6:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-xla.1-6:latest

Included dependencies

Deep Learning Containers dependencies

1.6 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-6:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-6:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-6:latest

Included dependencies

Deep Learning Containers dependencies

1.4 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-cpu.1-4:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-cpu.1-4:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-cpu.1-4:latest

Included dependencies

Deep Learning Containers dependencies

1.4 (Python 3.7)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-4:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-4:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/pytorch-gpu.1-4:latest

Included dependencies

Deep Learning Containers dependencies

scikit-learn

ML framework version Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable) End of patch and support date End of availability Supported images

1.0 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

June 30, 2024

June 30, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/sklearn-cpu.1-0:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/sklearn-cpu.1-0:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/sklearn-cpu.1-0:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

numpy 1.18.5
pandas 1.0.4
scipy 1.4.1
scikit-learn 1.0
sympy 1.6
statsmodels 0.11.1
xgboost 1.6.2
oauth2client 4.1.3
httplib2 0.18.1
python-dateutil 2.8.1
six 1.15.0
future 0.18.2
PyYAML 5.3.1
wrapt 1.12.1
crcmod 1.7
google-api-python-client 1.9.3
python-json-logger 0.1.11
wheel 0.34.2
WebOb 1.8.6
Paste 3.4.1
tornado 5.1.1
grpcio 1.29.0
requests 2.23.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.2
google-cloud-bigquery 1.25.0
google-cloud-bigtable 1.2.1
google-cloud-datastore 1.12.0
google-cloud-logging 1.15.0
google-cloud-pubsub 1.6.0
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.30.2
google-cloud-storage 1.29.0
joblib 0.15.1
cloudml-hypertune

curl
libcurl3-dev
wget
zip
unzip
git
vim
build-essential
ca-certificates
pkg-config
rsync
ca-certificates-java
libatlas-base-dev
liblapack-dev
gfortran
libpng-dev
libjpeg-dev
python3.10
python3-dev
python3.10-dev
python3-pip
python3-setuptools
python2.7
python-dev
python-setuptools
gdb
openjdk-8-jdk
openjdk-8-jre-headless
g++
zlib1g-dev
libio-all-perl
module-init-tools
libsnappy-dev
libyaml-0-2
python-opencv

1.0 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

June 30, 2024

June 30, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/sklearn-gpu.1-0:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/sklearn-gpu.1-0:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/sklearn-gpu.1-0:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

curl
libcurl3-dev
wget
zip
unzip
git
vim
build-essential
ca-certificates
pkg-config
rsync
ca-certificates-java
libatlas-base-dev
liblapack-dev
gfortran
libpng-dev
libjpeg-dev
python3.10
python3-dev
python3.10-dev
python3-pip
python3-setuptools
python2.7
python-dev
python-setuptools
gdb
openjdk-8-jdk
openjdk-8-jre-headless
g++
zlib1g-dev
libio-all-perl
module-init-tools
libsnappy-dev
libyaml-0-2
python-opencv

0.23 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Sep 1, 2023

Sep 1, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/scikit-learn-cpu.0-23:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/scikit-learn-cpu.0-23:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/scikit-learn-cpu.0-23:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

numpy 1.18.5
pandas 1.0.4
scipy 1.4.1
scikit-learn 0.23.1
sympy 1.6
statsmodels 0.11.1
xgboost 1.1.1
oauth2client 4.1.3
httplib2 0.18.1
python-dateutil 2.8.1
six 1.15.0
future 0.18.2
PyYAML 5.3.1
wrapt 1.12.1
crcmod 1.7
google-api-python-client 1.9.3
python-json-logger 0.1.11
wheel 0.34.2
WebOb 1.8.6
Paste 3.4.1
tornado 5.1.1
grpcio 1.29.0
requests 2.23.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.2
google-cloud-bigquery 1.25.0
google-cloud-bigtable 1.2.1
google-cloud-datastore 1.12.0
google-cloud-logging 1.15.0
google-cloud-pubsub 1.6.0
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.30.2
google-cloud-storage 1.29.0
joblib 0.15.1
cloudml-hypertune

XGBoost

ML framework version Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable) End of patch and support date End of availability Supported images

1.6 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

June 30, 2024

June 30, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-cpu.1-6:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-cpu.1-6:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-cpu.1-6:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

numpy 1.18.5
pandas 1.0.4
scipy 1.4.1
scikit-learn 0.23.1
sympy 1.6
statsmodels 0.11.1
xgboost 1.6.2
oauth2client 4.1.3
httplib2 0.18.1
python-dateutil 2.8.1
six 1.15.0
future 0.18.2
PyYAML 5.3.1
wrapt 1.12.1
crcmod 1.7
google-api-python-client 1.9.3
python-json-logger 0.1.11
wheel 0.34.2
WebOb 1.8.6
Paste 3.4.1
tornado 5.1.1
grpcio 1.29.0
requests 2.23.0
webapp2 3.0.0b1
mock 4.0.2
google-cloud-bigquery 1.25.0
google-cloud-bigtable 1.2.1
google-cloud-datastore 1.12.0
google-cloud-logging 1.15.0
google-cloud-pubsub 1.6.0
google-cloud-resource-manager 0.30.2
google-cloud-storage 1.29.0
joblib 0.15.1
cloudml-hypertune

curl
libcurl3-dev
wget
zip
unzip
git
vim
build-essential
ca-certificates
pkg-config
rsync
ca-certificates-java
libatlas-base-dev
liblapack-dev
gfortran
libpng-dev
libjpeg-dev
python3.10
python3-dev
python3.10-dev
python3-pip
python3-setuptools
python2.7
python-dev
python-setuptools
gdb
openjdk-8-jdk
openjdk-8-jre-headless
g++
zlib1g-dev
libio-all-perl
module-init-tools
libsnappy-dev
libyaml-0-2
python-opencv

1.6 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

June 30, 2024

June 30, 2025

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-gpu.1-6:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-gpu.1-6:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-gpu.1-6:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

curl
libcurl3-dev
wget
zip
unzip
git
vim
build-essential
ca-certificates
pkg-config
rsync
ca-certificates-java
libatlas-base-dev
liblapack-dev
gfortran
libpng-dev
libjpeg-dev
python3.10
python3-dev
python3.10-dev
python3-pip
python3-setuptools
python2.7
python-dev
python-setuptools
gdb
openjdk-8-jdk
openjdk-8-jre-headless
g++
zlib1g-dev
libio-all-perl
module-init-tools
libsnappy-dev
libyaml-0-2
python-opencv

1.1 (Python 3.7)

CPU only

Nov 15, 2023

Nov 15, 2024

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-cpu.1-1:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-cpu.1-1:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/xgboost-cpu.1-1:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages

Ubuntu packages

Supported frameworks for predictions and explanations

Vertex AI uses container images to configure cloud resources to service your prediction requests. The following versions are supported for prebuilt containers for predictions and explanations:

TensorFlow

ML framework version	Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable)	End of patch and support date	End of availability	Supported images
2.13	CPU only	Nov 28, 2024	Nov 28, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-13:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-13:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-13:latest`
2.13	GPU (CUDA 12.x)	Nov 28, 2024	Nov 28, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-13:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-13:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-13:latest`
2.12	CPU only	June 30, 2024	June 30, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-12:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-12:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-12:latest`
2.12	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	June 30, 2024	June 30, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-12:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-12:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-12:latest`
2.11	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-11:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-11:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-11:latest`
2.11	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-11:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-11:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-11:latest`
2.10	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-10:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-10:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-10:latest`
2.10	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-10:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-10:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-10:latest`
2.9	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-9:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-9:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-9:latest`
2.9	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-9:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-9:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-9:latest`
2.8	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-8:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-8:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-8:latest`
2.8	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-8:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-8:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-8:latest`
2.7	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-7:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-7:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-7:latest`
2.7	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-7:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-7:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-7:latest`
2.6	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-6:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-6:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-6:latest`
2.6	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-6:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-6:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-6:latest`
2.5	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-5:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-5:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-5:latest`
2.5	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-5:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-5:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-5:latest`
2.4	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-4:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-4:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-4:latest`
2.4	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-4:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-4:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-4:latest`
2.3	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-3:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-3:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-3:latest`
2.3	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-3:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-3:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-3:latest`
2.2	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-2:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-2:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-2:latest`
2.2	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-2:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-2:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-2:latest`
2.1	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-1:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-1:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-cpu.2-1:latest`
2.1	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-2:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-2:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf2-gpu.2-2:latest`
1.15	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf-cpu.1-15:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf-cpu.1-15:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf-cpu.1-15:latest`
1.15	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf-gpu.1-15:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf-gpu.1-15:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/tf-gpu.1-15:latest`

Optimized TensorFlow runtime

The following container images use the optimized TensorFlow runtime. For more information, see Use the optimized TensorFlow runtime.

ML framework version	Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable)	End of patch and support date	End of availability	Supported images
nightly	CPU only	Not applicable	Not applicable	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.nightly:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.nightly:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.nightly:latest`
nightly	GPU (CUDA 12.x)	Not applicable	Not applicable	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.nightly:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.nightly:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.nightly:latest`
nightly	Cloud TPU	Not applicable	Not applicable	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.nightly:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.nightly:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.nightly:latest`
2.17	CPU only	Jul 11, 2024	Jul 11, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-17:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-17:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-17:latest`
2.17	GPU (CUDA 12.x)	Jul 11, 2024	Jul 11, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-17:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-17:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-17:latest`
2.17	Cloud TPU	Jul 11, 2024	Jul 11, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-17:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-17:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-17:latest`
2.16	CPU only	Apr 26, 2024	Apr 26, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-16:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-16:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-16:latest`
2.16	GPU (CUDA 12.x)	Apr 26, 2024	Apr 26, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-16:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-16:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-16:latest`
2.16	Cloud TPU	Apr 26, 2024	Apr 26, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-16:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-16:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-16:latest`
2.15	CPU only	Aug 15, 2024	Aug 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-15:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-15:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-15:latest`
2.15	GPU (CUDA 12.x)	Aug 15, 2024	Aug 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-15:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-15:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-15:latest`
2.15	Cloud TPU	Aug 15, 2024	Aug 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-15:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-15:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-tpu.2-15:latest`
2.14	CPU only	Aug 15, 2024	Aug 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-14:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-14:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-14:latest`
2.14	GPU (CUDA 12.x)	Aug 15, 2024	Aug 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-14:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-14:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-14:latest`
2.13	CPU only	Aug 15, 2024	Aug 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-13:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-13:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-13:latest`
2.13	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Aug 15, 2024	Aug 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-13:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-13:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-13:latest`
2.12	CPU only	May 15, 2024	May 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-12:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-12:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-12:latest`
2.12	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	May 15, 2024	May 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-12:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-12:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-12:latest`
2.11	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-11:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-11:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-11:latest`
2.11	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-11:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-11:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-11:latest`
2.10	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-10:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-10:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-10:latest`
2.10	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-10:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-10:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-10:latest`
2.9	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-9:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-9:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-9:latest`
2.9	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-9:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-9:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-9:latest`
2.8	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-8:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-8:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-cpu.2-8:latest`
2.8	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-8:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-8:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai-restricted/prediction/tf_opt-gpu.2-8:latest`

PyTorch

ML framework version	Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable)	End of patch and support date	End of availability	Supported images
2.1 (Python 3.9)	CPU only	Dec 01, 2024	Dec 01, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.2-1:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.2-1:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.2-1:latest`
2.1 (Python 3.9)	GPU (CUDA 12.x)	Dec 01, 2024	Dec 01, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.2-1:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.2-1:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.2-1:latest`
2.1 (Python 3.9)	Cloud TPU	Dec 01, 2024	Dec 01, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-tpu.2-1:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-tpu.2-1:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-tpu.2-1:latest`
2.0 (Python 3.9)	CPU only	Jul 27, 2024	Jul 27, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.2-0:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.2-0:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.2-0:latest`
2.0 (Python 3.9)	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	Jul 27, 2024	Jul 27, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.2-0:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.2-0:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.2-0:latest`
1.13 (Python 3.8)	CPU only	May 15, 2024	May 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-13:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-13:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-13:latest`
1.13 (Python 3.8)	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	May 15, 2024	May 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-13:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-13:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-13:latest`
1.12	CPU only	May 15, 2024	May 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-12:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-12:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-12:latest`
1.12	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	May 15, 2024	May 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-12:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-12:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-12:latest`
1.11	CPU only	May 15, 2024	May 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-11:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-11:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-cpu.1-11:latest`
1.11	GPU (CUDA 11.x)	May 15, 2024	May 15, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-11:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-11:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/pytorch-gpu.1-11:latest`

scikit-learn

ML framework version	Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable)	End of patch and support date	End of availability	Supported images
1.3 (Python 3.10)	CPU only	Nov 28, 2024	Nov 28, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-3:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-3:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-3:latest`
1.2 (Python 3.10)	CPU only	June 30, 2024	June 30, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-2:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-2:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-2:latest`
1.0	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-0:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-0:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.1-0:latest`
0.24	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-24:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-24:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-24:latest`
0.23	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-23:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-23:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-23:latest`
0.22	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-22:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-22:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-22:latest`
0.20	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-20:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-20:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/sklearn-cpu.0-20:latest`

XGBoost

ML framework version	Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable)	End of patch and support date	End of availability	Supported images
1.7 (Python 3.10)	CPU only	June 30, 2024	June 30, 2025	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-7:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-7:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-7:latest`
1.6	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-6:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-6:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-6:latest`
1.5	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-5:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-5:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-5:latest`
1.4	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-4:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-4:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-4:latest`
1.3	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-3:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-3:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-3:latest`
1.2	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-2:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-2:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-2:latest`
1.1	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-1:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-1:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.1-1:latest`
0.90	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.0-90:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.0-90:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.0-90:latest`
0.82	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.0-82:latest` `europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.0-82:latest` `asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/prediction/xgboost-cpu.0-82:latest`

Supported versions of Ray on Vertex AI

Ray on Vertex AI container images are available. The following versions of prebuilt containers are supported:

Ray version Supported accelerators (and CUDA version, if applicable) End of patch and support date End of availability Supported images

2.33.0 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

September 16, 2025

September 16, 2026

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-cpu.2-33.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-cpu.2-33.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-cpu.2-33.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 cloudml-hypertune python-json-logger 2.0.7 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.12.4 setuptools 69.5.1 kubernetes Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.33.0 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

September 16, 2025

September 16, 2026

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-gpu.2-33.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-gpu.2-33.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-gpu.2-33.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
absl-py 2.1.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 cloudml-hypertune python-json-logger 2.0.7 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.12.4 setuptools 69.5.1 kubernetes Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.9.3 (Python 3.10)

CPU only

May 7, 2025

May 7, 2026

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-cpu.2-9.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-cpu.2-9.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-cpu.2-9.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
absl-py 2.0.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 cloudml-hypertune python-json-logger 2.0.7 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.11.0 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

2.9.3 (Python 3.10)

GPU (CUDA 11.x)

May 7, 2025

May 7, 2026

us-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-gpu.2-9.py310:latest
europe-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-gpu.2-9.py310:latest
asia-docker.pkg.dev/vertex-ai/training/ray-gpu.2-9.py310:latest

Included dependencies

PyPI packages	Ubuntu packages
absl-py 2.0.0 cloud-tpu-client 0.10 cloudml-hypertune python-json-logger 2.0.7 google-cloud-resource-manager 1.11.0 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies	ca-certificates-java libatlas-base-dev liblapack-dev g++ libio-all-perl libyaml-0-2 Other Deep Learning Containers dependencies

Supported frameworks for pipelines

Vertex AI Pipelines supports the following ML framework SDK versions:

Kubeflow Pipelines (KFP) SDK
TensorFlow Extended (TFX) SDK
Google Cloud Pipeline Components (GCPC)

Since these frameworks are periodically updated to patch bugs and vulnerabilities, it's recommended that you always use the latest patch version and stay within the end of support date. Customer support is not provided if a version is beyond the end of support date. For more information, see Vertex AI framework support policy.

In general, follow these guidelines while using pipeline templates:

Stay up-to-date with the latest patch version of the ML framework.
Upgrade new and existing pipeline templates to the latest minor version of the ML framework at least once every 12 months.
When a new major version of an ML framework is made available, migrate new and existing pipeline templates to the new major version within 24 months.

Kubeflow Pipelines SDK

KFP is the most commonly used framework for authoring and orchestrating pipelines in Vertex AI Pipelines. Vertex AI Pipelines can execute pipeline definitions compiled using KFP into the pipeline_spec Intermediate Representation (IR YAML format) v2.0 or later.

Vertex AI Pipelines supports the following versions of the KFP SDK:

Framework	Release date	End of support date
KFP SDK 2	Jun 20, 2023	Not applicable
KFP SDK 1.8	Sep 3, 2021	Dec 20, 2024

The latest version of the KFP SDK will drop support for end-of-life Python versions on the day they are declared end-of-life. The only exception to this is Python 3.7, for which support will be dropped on April 23, 2024.

TensorFlow Extended (TFX) SDK

TensorFlow releases a new minor version of the TensorFlow Extended (TFX) SDK about every quarter. You can still run pipelines compiled from older versions of the SDK, but only the latest minor version of the SDK receives patches. Therefore, we recommend you keep up-to-date with the latest minor version.

Framework	Release date	End of support date
TensorFlow Extended SDK 1.15	April 29, 2024	April 29, 2025
TensorFlow Extended SDK 1.14	September 6, 2023	September 6, 2024
TensorFlow Extended SDK 1.13	May 3, 2023	May 3, 2024
TensorFlow Extended SDK 1.12	Dec 19, 2022	Dec 19, 2023
TensorFlow Extended SDK 1.11	Nov 23, 2022	Nov 23, 2023
TensorFlow Extended SDK 1.10	Oct 4, 2022	Oct 4, 2023
TensorFlow Extended SDK 1.9	Jul 15, 2022	Jul 15, 2023
TensorFlow Extended SDK 1.8	May 25, 2022	May 25, 2023

Google Cloud Pipeline Components

Vertex AI Pipelines publishes and regularly patches the following Python packages and container images to assist in KFP definitions:

Framework	Release date	End of patch and support date	End of availability date	Supported images
Google Cloud Pipeline Components 2	Jun 20, 2023	Not applicable	Not applicable	`gcr.io/ml-pipeline/google-cloud-pipeline-components:latest`
Google Cloud Pipeline Components 1	Feb 25, 2022	Dec 20, 2024	Jun 20, 2025	`gcr.io/ml-pipeline/google-cloud-pipeline-components:1.0.*`

The latest version of the Google Cloud Pipeline Components SDK will drop support for end-of-life Python versions on the day they are declared end-of-life. The only exception to this is Python 3.7, for which support will be dropped on April 23, 2024.

Supported frameworks for Vertex AI Workbench user-managed notebooks

Vertex AI Workbench user-managed notebooks supports the ML framework versions in the following tables. To find a specific VERSION_DATE for an image, see Listing the available versions.

Base versions

ML framework version	Current patch version	Supported accelerators	End of patch and support date	End of availability date	Image family name
Base-CPU (Python 3.10 / Debian 11)	Not applicable (N/A)	CPU only	Jul 1, 2024	Jul 1, 2025	`common-cpu-VERSION_DATE-debian-11`
Base-cu122 (Python 3.10)	CUDA 12.2	GPU (CUDA 12.2)	Jan 8, 2025	Jan 8, 2026	`common-cu122-VERSION_DATE-debian-11-py310`
Base-cu121 (Python 3.10)	CUDA 12.1	GPU (CUDA 12.1)	Feb 28, 2024	Feb 28, 2025	`common-cu121-VERSION_DATE-debian-11-py310`
Base-cu118 (Python 3.10)	CUDA 11.8	GPU (CUDA 11.8)	Jul 1, 2024	Jul 1, 2025	`common-cu118-VERSION_DATE-debian-11-py310`
Base-cu113 (Python 3.10)	CUDA 11.3	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Jan 1, 2024	Jan 1, 2025	`common-cu113-VERSION_DATE-debian-11-py310`
Base-cu113 (Python 3.7)	CUDA 11.3	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Sep 18, 2023	Sep 18, 2024	`common-cu113-VERSION_DATE-py37`
Base-cu110 (Python 3.7)	CUDA 11.0	GPU (CUDA 11.0)	Sep 18, 2023	Sep 18, 2024	`common-cu110-VERSION_DATE-py37`
Base-CPU (Python 3.7)	Not applicable (N/A)	CPU only	Sep 18, 2023	Sep 18, 2024	`common-cpu-VERSION_DATE-debian-10`

TensorFlow versions

ML framework version	Current patch version	Supported accelerators	End of patch and support date	End of availability date	Image family name
2.17 (Python 3.10)	2.17.0	CPU only	Jul 11, 2025	Jul 11, 2026	`tf-2-17-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.17 (Python 3.10)	2.17.0	GPU (CUDA 12.3)	Jul 11, 2025	Jul 11, 2026	`tf-2-17-cu123-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.16 (Python 3.10)	2.16.2	CPU only	Jun 28, 2025	Jun 28, 2026	`tf-2-16-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.16 (Python 3.10)	2.16.2	GPU (CUDA 12.3)	Jun 28, 2025	Jun 28, 2026	`tf-2-16-cu123-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.15 (Python 3.10)	2.15.0	CPU only	Nov 14, 2024	Nov 14, 2025	`tf-2-15-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.15 (Python 3.10)	2.15.0	GPU (CUDA 12.1)	Nov 14, 2024	Nov 14, 2025	`tf-2-15-cu121-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.14 (Python 3.10)	2.14.0	CPU only	Sep 26, 2024	Sep 26, 2025	`tf-2-14-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.14 (Python 3.10)	2.14.0	GPU (CUDA 11.8)	Sep 26, 2024	Sep 26, 2025	`tf-2-14-cu118-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.13 (Python 3.10)	2.13.0	CPU only	Jul 5, 2024	Jul 5, 2025	`tf-2-13-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.13 (Python 3.10)	2.13.0	GPU (CUDA 11.8)	Jul 5, 2024	Jul 5, 2025	`tf-2-13-cu118-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.12 (Python 3.10)	2.12.0	CPU only	June 30, 2024	June 30, 2025	`tf-2-12-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.12 (Python 3.10)	2.12.0	GPU (CUDA 11.8)	Jan 18, 2024	Jan 18, 2025	`tf-2-12-cu113-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.11 (Python 3.10)	2.11.0	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-11-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.11 (Python 3.10)	2.11.0	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-11-cu113-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.11	2.11.0	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-11-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.11	2.11.0	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-11-cu113-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.10	2.10.1	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-10-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.10	2.10.1	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-10-cu113-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.9	2.9.3	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-9-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.9	2.9.3	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-9-cu113-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.8	2.8.4	CPU only	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-8-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.8	2.8.4	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Nov 15, 2023	Nov 15, 2024	`tf-2-8-cu113-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.6 (py39)	2.6.5	CPU only	Sep 1, 2023	Sep 1, 2024	`tf-2-6-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py39`
2.6 (py39)	2.6.5	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Sep 1, 2023	Sep 1, 2024	`tf-2-6-cu110-VERSION_DATE-py39`
2.6 (py37)	2.6.5	CPU only	Sep 18, 2023	Sep 18, 2024	`tf-2-6-cpu-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.6 (py37)	2.6.5	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Sep 18, 2023	Sep 18, 2024	`tf-2-6-cu110-VERSION_DATE-py37`
2.3	2.3.4	CPU only	Sep 1, 2023	Sep 1, 2024	`tf-2-3-cpu`
2.3	2.3.4	GPU (CUDA 11.3)	Sep 1, 2023	Sep 1, 2024	`tf-2-3-cu110-VERSION_DATE`

PyTorch versions

ML framework version	Current patch version	Supported accelerators	End of patch and support date	End of availability date	Image family name
2.2 (Python 3.10)	2.2.0	CUDA 12.1	Jan 30, 2025	Jan 30, 2026	`pytorch-2-2-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.1 (Python 3.10)	2.1.0	CUDA 12.1	Oct 4, 2024	Oct 4, 2025	`pytorch-2-1-VERSION_DATE-py310`
2.0 (Python 3.10)	2.0.0	CUDA 11.8	Mar 15, 2024	Mar 15, 2025	`pytorch-2-0-VERSION_DATE-py310`
1.13 (Python 3.10)	1.13.1	CUDA 11.3	Dec 8, 2023	Dec 8, 2024	`pytorch-1-13-VERSION_DATE-py310`
1.13	1.13.1	CUDA 11.3	Dec 8, 2023	Dec 8, 2024	`pytorch-1-13-VERSION_DATE-py37`
1.12	1.12.1	CUDA 11.3	Sep 1, 2023	Sep 1, 2024	`pytorch-1-12-VERSION_DATE-py310`

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