Halaman ini diterjemahkan oleh Cloud Translation API.

Mengenkripsi konten yang di-transcoding

Halaman ini menjelaskan cara mengenkripsi konten yang ditranskode. Transcoder API tidak membuat atau mengelola kunci atau lisensi enkripsi secara langsung. Sebagai gantinya, Anda harus menggunakan penyedia manajemen hak digital (DRM) pihak ketiga untuk fitur ini. Setelah kunci enkripsi dibuat untuk media Anda, teruskan kunci tersebut ke Transcoder API menggunakan Secret Manager.

Setelan enkripsi ditentukan dalam setelan JobConfig. Transcoder API melakukan transcoding konten dengan setelan enkripsi yang disediakan. Manifes output menyertakan informasi yang diperlukan untuk mendekripsi konten dalam pemutar media pilihan Anda.

Konfigurasi yang didukung

Protokol streaming	Container	Sistem DRM	Skema enkripsi
HLS	TS	ClearKey	aes128
HLS	TS	FairPlay	sampleAes
HLS	fMP4	FairPlay	Khusus mpegCenc cbcs
MPEG-DASH	fMP4	Widevine	mpegCenc cenc atau cbcs
MPEG-DASH	fMP4	PlayReady	mpegCenc cenc atau cbcs

Menambahkan kunci enkripsi ke Secret Manager

Sebelum memulai, buat kunci enkripsi menggunakan penyedia DRM pihak ketiga pilihan Anda.

Transcoder API mengharuskan secret Anda berisi kunci enkripsi dalam format JSON berikut, beserta informasi lain yang diperlukan.

Lihat dokumentasi protokol DRM untuk mengetahui deskripsi setiap kolom. Perhatikan bahwa Anda perlu mengonversi dari snake case ke camel case untuk format JSON.

Contoh JSON

{
  "encryptionKeys": [
    {
      // Key for FairPlay configuration.
      "keyId": "d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",
      "key": "f1967daca83e81f38d80aa741e7b32c2",
      "iv": "8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3",
      "keyUri": "skd://d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": ["ts_fairplay"]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for Widevine configurations.
      "keyId": "44ec248b048c43a6a6ee58a752c6f9f8",
      "key": "f1967daca83e81f38d80aa741e7b32c2",
      "keyUri": "skd://44ec248b048c43a6a6ee58a752c6f9f8",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": [
            "fmp4_widevine_cenc_video",
            "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio",
            "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video",
            "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for PlayReady configurations.
      "keyId": "8beed229709f480bb6004ec0f33e82d1",
      "key": "ad20cd838f354dcc8a77c443d08ff09f",
      "keyUri": "skd://8beed229709f480bb6004ec0f33e82d1",
      "matchers": [
        {
          "muxStreams": [
            "fmp4_playready_cenc_video",
            "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio",
            "fmp4_playready_cbcs_video",
            "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      // Key for all ClearKey configurations.
      "keyId": "3d9dccb479c64adbb6e514790caa7822",
      "key": "my-key",
       // A URI that the media player can access
      "keyUri": "https://example.com/keys/my-key.bin",
      "iv": "8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3"
      // No `matchers` field. This is the default key to use when none of the keys above match.
    }
  ]
}

Jika konfigurasi enkripsi Anda (misalnya, FairPlay) memerlukan vektor inisialisasi (IV) eksplisit, tetapi tidak disertakan, API akan menggunakan nilai keyId untuk nilai iv.

Untuk menambahkan dan mengonfigurasi kunci enkripsi, lakukan hal berikut:

Dengan menggunakan data JSON sebelumnya, tambahkan kunci enkripsi Anda ke Secret Manager dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah di Membuat secret.

Catatan: Mengimplementasikan Secret Manager dapat menimbulkan beberapa biaya tambahan.
Konfigurasikan izin IAM pada secret Anda sehingga Transcoder API dapat mengakses konten secret. Untuk melakukannya, berikan peran secretmanager.secretAccessor ke akun layanan service-PROJECT_NUMBER@gcp-sa-transcoder.iam.gserviceaccount.com (ini mirip dengan cara akun layanan memiliki akses ke bucket Cloud Storage Anda).
Temukan nama resource versi secret yang Anda buat (misalnya, projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/secrets/SECRET_ID/versions/VERSION_ID). Anda memerlukan nama ini untuk mengonfigurasi tugas Transcoder API.
Untuk konfigurasi ClearKey, kolom keyUri harus mereferensikan URI yang dapat diakses oleh pemutar media. Lakukan tindakan berikut:
1. Buat file biner dari kunci dengan menjalankan perintah berikut:
```
echo "my-key" | xxd -r -p > my-key.bin
```
2. Upload file ke URI publik. Untuk menggunakan Cloud Storage, lihat Menemukan penyimpanan objek dengan Konsol Google Cloud.

Buat tugas

Setelan enkripsi ditentukan menggunakan objek dalam array encryptions di level JobConfig. ID unik (id) ditetapkan untuk setiap konfigurasi yang berbeda. Setiap muxStream menggunakan ID untuk menunjukkan konfigurasi enkripsi yang akan digunakan, atau menghapus kolom tersebut agar tetap tidak dienkripsi.

Format JSON

{
  // Other JobConfig settings.

  "encryptions": [
    {
      // Identifier for this encryption configuration, to be specified in muxStream(s).
      "id": string,
      // Configuration for secrets stored in Google Secret Manager.
      "secretManagerKeySource": {
        // The name of the Secret Version containing the encryption key.
        // `projects/{project}/secrets/{secret_id}/versions/{version_number}`
        // Using {version_number} of `latest` is not supported.
        "secretVersion": string
      },
      // DRM system(s) that will be used. At least one must be specified. If a DRM system
      // is omitted, it will be considered disabled.
      "drmSystems": {
        // Widevine configuration.
        "widevine": {},
        // FairPlay configuration.
        "fairplay": {},
        // PlayReady configuration.
        "playready": {},
        // ClearKey configuration.
        "clearkey": {}
      },
      // Union field encryption_mode can be only one of the following:
      // Configuration for HLS AES-128 encryption.
      "aes128": {},
      // Configuration for HLS SAMPLE-AES encryption.
      "sampleAes": {},
      // Configuration for MPEG-DASH Common Encryption (MPEG-CENC).
      "mpegCenc": {
        // Specify the encryption scheme. Supported schemes:
        // - `cenc` - AES-CTR subsample
        // - `cbcs`- AES-CBC subsample pattern
        "scheme": string
      }
      // End of list of possible types for union field encryption_mode.
    }
    // Any other encryption configurations.
  ],
  "muxStreams": [
    {
      // Unique identifier for the muxStream.
      "key": string,
      // Identifier of the encryption configuration for the muxStream.
      "encryptionId": string
      // … other muxStream settings.
    }
    // Other muxStreams.
  ],

  // Other JobConfig settings.
}

Contoh (ClearKey)

Contoh berikut mengonfigurasi muxStreams AES-128 dalam manifes HLS, dan muxStreams MPEG-CENC (cenc dan cbcs) dalam manifes DASH:

"elementaryStreams": [
  {
    "key": "es_video",
    "videoStream": {
      "h264": {
        "profile": "main",
        "heightPixels": 600,
        "widthPixels": 800,
        "bitrateBps": 1000000,
        "frameRate": 60,
      },
    },
  },
  {
    "key": "es_audio",
    "audioStream": {
      "codec": "aac",
      "channelCount": 2,
      "bitrateBps": 160000
    }
  }
],
"encryptions": [
  {
    "id": "aes-128",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "aes128": {}
  },
  {
    "id": "cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"clearkey": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  }
],
"muxStreams": [
  {
    "key": "ts_aes128",
    "container": "ts",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video", "es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "aes-128"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "cbcs"
  }
],
"manifests": [
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_aes128.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["ts_aes128"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_cenc_video", "fmp4_cenc_audio"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_cbcs_video", "fmp4_cbcs_audio"]
  }
]

Contoh (FP/PR/Widevine)

Contoh berikut mengonfigurasi muxStreams FairPlay/SAMPLE-AES, Widevine/MPEG-CENC (cenc dan cbcs), dan PlayReady/MPEG-CENC (cenc dan cbcs). MuxStreams Widevine dan PlayReady disertakan dalam manifes HLS dan DASH.

"elementaryStreams": [
  {
    "key": "es_video",
    "videoStream": {
      "h264": {
        "profile": "main",
        "heightPixels": 600,
        "widthPixels": 800,
        "bitrateBps": 1000000,
        "frameRate": 60,
      },
    },
  },
  {
    "key": "es_audio",
    "audioStream": {
      "codec": "aac",
      "channelCount": 2,
      "bitrateBps": 160000
    }
  }
],
"encryptions": [
  {
    "id": "fairplay",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"fairplay": {}},
    "sampleAes": {}
  },
  {
    "id": "widevine-cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"widevine": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "widevine-cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"widevine": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "playready-cenc",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"playready": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cenc"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "playready-cbcs",
    "secretManagerKeySource": {
      "secretVersion": "projects/12345/secrets/key-1/versions/1"
    },
    "drmSystems": {"playready": {}},
    "mpegCenc": {
      "scheme": "cbcs"
    }
  }
],
"muxStreams": [
  {
    "key": "ts_fairplay",
    "container": "ts",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video", "es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "fairplay"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "widevine-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cenc_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cenc"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cbcs_video",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_video"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cbcs"
  },
  {
    "key": "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio",
    "container": "fmp4",
    "elementaryStreams": ["es_audio"],
    "segmentSettings": {"segmentDuration": "2s"},
    "encryptionId": "playready-cbcs"
  }
],
"manifests": [
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_fairplay.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["ts_fairplay"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cenc.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cenc_video", "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cbcs.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video", "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cenc_video", "fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_widevine_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_widevine_cbcs_video", "fmp4_widevine_cbcs_audio"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cenc.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cenc_video", "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cbcs.m3u8",
    "type": "HLS",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cbcs_video", "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cenc.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cenc_video", "fmp4_playready_cenc_audio"]
  },
  {
    "fileName": "manifest_playready_cbcs.mpd",
    "type": "DASH",
    "muxStreams": ["fmp4_playready_cbcs_video", "fmp4_playready_cbcs_audio"]
  }
]

Setelah mengetahui konfigurasi JSON yang ingin digunakan, buat tugas seperti biasa.

Memantau output

Streaming output terenkripsi berisi manifes yang dimodifikasi dengan informasi yang diperlukan untuk mendekripsi konten untuk diputar.

Contoh manifes

Manifes berikut menampilkan informasi yang diperlukan untuk mendekripsi konten terkait.

HLS AES-128/ClearKey

#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:7
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128,URI="https://example.com/keys/3d9dccb479c64adbb6e514790caa7822.bin",IV=0x8d80aa741e7b32c2f1967daca83e81f3
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:22.870Z
#EXTINF:2.576778
segment-0000000000.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:25.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000001.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:27.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000002.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:29.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000003.ts

HLS SAMPLE-AES/FairPlay

#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:7
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=SAMPLE-AES,URI="skd://d569cb35bd0548c7a99d92feb381df13",KEYFORMAT="com.apple.streamingkeydelivery",KEYFORMATVERSIONS="1"
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:22.870Z
#EXTINF:2.576778
segment-0000000000.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:25.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000001.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:27.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000002.ts
#EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME:2022-10-12T20:08:29.447Z
#EXTINF:2.000000
segment-0000000003.ts

DASH MPEG-CENC/Widevine

<AdaptationSet segmentAlignment="true" maxWidth="800" maxHeight="600">
  <Representation mimeType="video/mp4" id="fmp4_widevine_cenc_video" codecs="avc1.4d001f">
    <ContentProtection value="cenc" schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:mp4protection:2011" cenc:default_KID="44ec248b-048c-43a6-a6ee-58a752c6f9f8"/>
    <ContentProtection schemeIdUri="urn:uuid:edef8ba9-79d6-4ace-a3c8-27dcd51d21ed" value="Widevine">
      <cenc:pssh>AAAAOHBzc2gAAAAA7e+LqXnWSs6jCfc1R0h7QAAABgSEAB3Gcrj/8kFklokiVbJMh9VmwY=</cenc:pssh>
    </ContentProtection>
  </Representation>
</AdaptationSet>
<AdaptationSet segmentAlignment="true" mimeType="audio/mp4" id="1" label="fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio">
  <Representation id="fmp4_widevine_cenc_audio" codecs="mp4a.40.2">
    <ContentProtection value="cenc" schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:mp4protection:2011" cenc:default_KID="44ec248b-048c-43a6-a6ee-58a752c6f9f8"/>
    <ContentProtection schemeIdUri="urn:uuid:edef8ba9-79d6-4ace-a3c8-27dcd51d21ed" value="Widevine">
      <cenc:pssh>AAAAOHBzc2gAAAAA7e+LqXnWSs6jCfc1R0h7QAAABgSEAB3Gcrj/8kFklokiVbJMh9VmwY=</cenc:pssh>
    </ContentProtection>
  </Representation>
</AdaptationSet>

Rekomendasi pemain

Pemutar berdasarkan HLS.js direkomendasikan untuk dekripsi HLS/TS. Pemutar berdasarkan Shaka Player direkomendasikan untuk dekripsi DASH/fMP4.

Skema 'cenc' PlayReady didukung di komputer fisik yang menjalankan Windows 10 dengan browser Microsoft Edge, Xbox One (versi 1703 atau yang lebih lama), dan beberapa perangkat non-Windows (misalnya, smart TV). Skema 'cbcs' PlayReady hanya didukung di Xbox One versi 1709 atau yang lebih tinggi. Lihat Mode Enkripsi Konten PlayReady untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya.