Membuat dan mengelola langganan Lite

Pelanggan menggunakan langganan Lite untuk membaca pesan dari topik Lite. Saat membuat langganan Lite, Anda akan melampirkannya ke topik Lite. Anda dapat melampirkan banyak langganan Lite ke satu topik Lite.

Ada dua jenis langganan:

Langganan standar. Buat langganan standar jika Anda memiliki klien yang perlu membaca pesan dari topik topik Lite.
Ekspor langganan. Buat langganan ekspor saat Anda perlu mengekspor pesan Lite ke Pub/Sub. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat Mengekspor pesan Pub/Sub Lite ke Pub/Sub.

Properti langganan Lite

Langganan untuk topik Lite zona memiliki properti yang identik dengan langganan untuk topik Lite regional, kecuali untuk hal berikut:

Jenis lokasi, zona atau region, yang digunakan dalam nama resource. Contoh lokasi region adalah us-central1; contoh lokasi zona adalah us-central1-a.
Keandalan. Lihat Replikasi data dalam topik Lite untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut perbedaan keandalan antara topik regional dan zona.

Persyaratan pengiriman untuk pesan

Kegagalan sementara dalam menulis pesan ke penyimpanan menyebabkan penayang mencoba mengirim pesan lagi. Percobaan ulang ini bersifat transparan bagi pengguna akhir. Langganan Lite memiliki properti persyaratan pengiriman yang mengubah reaksi langganan terhadap percobaan ulang pesan ini. Anda dapat menetapkan properti ini ke salah satu dari dua opsi berikut:

Mengirim pesan dengan segera. Dengan mengaktifkan opsi ini, klien pelanggan akan menerima semua pesan setelah mereka tiba di server. Proses ini tidak bergantung pada status pesan yang ditulis ke disk. Offset tidak digunakan kembali, tetapi pesan dengan offset yang tidak ditulis ke penyimpanan mungkin tidak dapat dibaca kembali setelah operasi cari.
Kirim pesan setelah disimpan. Dengan mengaktifkan opsi ini, pelanggan tidak akan menerima pesan hingga pesan ditulis ke disk. Pesan dijamin dapat dibaca ulang setelah operasi pencarian. Mengaktifkan opsi ini akan meningkatkan latensi menyeluruh dalam menerima pesan dari penayang ke pelanggan.

Panduan untuk menamai langganan

Nama resource Pub/Sub Lite secara unik mengidentifikasi resource Pub/Sub Lite, seperti topik, langganan, atau reservasi. Nama resource harus sesuai dengan format berikut:

projects/project-identifier/collection/ID

project-identifier: Harus berupa project ID atau nomor project, yang tersedia dari Konsol Google Cloud. Misalnya, my-cool-project adalah project ID. 123456789123 adalah nomor project.
collection: Harus salah satu dari topics, subscriptions, atau reservations.
ID: Harus mematuhi panduan berikut:
- Tidak diawali dengan string goog
- Diawali dengan huruf
- Berisi antara 3 hingga 255 karakter
- Hanya berisi karakter berikut: Huruf [A-Za-z], angka [0-9], tanda pisah -, garis bawah _, titik ., tanda gelombang ~, tanda tambah +, dan tanda persen %
Anda dapat menggunakan karakter khusus dalam daftar sebelumnya dalam nama resource tanpa encoding URL. Namun, Anda harus memastikan bahwa karakter khusus lainnya dienkode atau didekode dengan benar saat Anda menggunakannya dalam URL. Misalnya, mi-tópico adalah ID yang tidak valid. Namun, mi-t%C3%B3pico valid. Format ini penting saat Anda melakukan panggilan REST.

Membuat langganan Lite

Langganan Lite harus berada dalam project dan lokasi yang sama dengan topik Lite yang terkait dengan langganan Lite.

Untuk membuat topik Lite, lihat Membuat dan mengelola topik Lite.

Untuk daftar lokasi yang tersedia, lihat lokasi Pub/Sub Lite.

Anda dapat membuat langganan Lite dengan Konsol Google Cloud, Google Cloud CLI, atau Pub/Sub Lite API.

Untuk informasi tentang cara membuat langganan ekspor, lihat Mengekspor pesan Pub/Sub Lite ke Pub/Sub.

Konsol

Buka halaman Langganan Lite.

Buka Langganan Lite
Klik Create Lite subscription.
Masukkan ID langganan Lite.
Pilih topik Lite yang akan menerima pesan.
Pilih Kirim pesan segera atau Kirim pesan setelah disimpan.
Pilih jenis Offset awal.
Pilih Jenis pengiriman.
Klik Create.

gcloud

Untuk membuat langganan Lite, gunakan perintah gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions create:

gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions create SUBSCRIPTION_ID \
  --location=LOCATION \
  --topic=TOPIC_ID \
  --delivery-requirement=DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT

Ganti kode berikut:

SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ID langganan Lite
LOCATION: nama lokasi yang didukung Pub/Sub Lite
TOPIC_ID: ID topik Lite yang akan dilampirkan ke langganan Lite
DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT: deliver-after-stored atau deliver-immediately

Jika permintaan berhasil, command line akan menampilkan konfirmasi:

Created [SUBSCRIPTION_ID].

Protokol

Untuk membuat langganan Lite, kirim permintaan POST seperti berikut:

POST https://REGION-pubsublite.googleapis.com/v1/admin/projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)

Ganti kode berikut:

REGION: region untuk menyimpan langganan Lite
PROJECT_NUMBER: nomor project project untuk membuat langganan Lite di
LOCATION: nama lokasi yang didukung Pub/Sub Lite
SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ID langganan Lite

Tentukan kolom berikut dalam isi permintaan:

{
  "topic": projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID,
  "deliveryConfig": {
    "deliveryRequirement": DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT,
   }
}

Mengganti DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT dengan deliver-after-stored atau deliver-immediately.

Jika permintaan berhasil, responsnya adalah langganan Lite dalam format JSON:

{
  "deliveryConfig": {
    "deliveryRequirement": DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT,
   }
  "name": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID",
  "topic": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID",
}

Go

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Go di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsublite"
)

func createSubscription(w io.Writer, projectID, region, location, topicID, subID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// region := "us-central1"
	// NOTE: location can be either a region ("us-central1") or a zone ("us-central1-a")
	// For a list of valid locations, see https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/locations.
	// location := "us-central1"
	// NOTE: topic and subscription must be in the same region/zone (e.g. "us-central1-a")
	// topicID := "my-topic"
	// subID := "my-subscription"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsublite.NewAdminClient(ctx, region)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsublite.NewAdminClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	sub, err := client.CreateSubscription(ctx, pubsublite.SubscriptionConfig{
		Name:                fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/subscriptions/%s", projectID, location, subID),
		Topic:               fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/topics/%s", projectID, location, topicID),
		DeliveryRequirement: pubsublite.DeliverImmediately, // can also be DeliverAfterStored
	})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("client.CreateSubscription got err: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created subscription: %s\n", sub.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Java di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import com.google.api.gax.rpc.AlreadyExistsException;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClientSettings;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegion;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegionOrZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.ProjectNumber;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionName;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionPath;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.TopicName;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.TopicPath;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.proto.Subscription;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.proto.Subscription.DeliveryConfig;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.proto.Subscription.DeliveryConfig.DeliveryRequirement;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class CreateSubscriptionExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String cloudRegion = "your-cloud-region";
    char zoneId = 'b';
    String topicId = "your-topic-id";
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";
    long projectNumber = Long.parseLong("123456789");
    // True if using a regional location. False if using a zonal location.
    // https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/topics
    boolean regional = false;

    createSubscriptionExample(
        cloudRegion, zoneId, projectNumber, topicId, subscriptionId, regional);
  }

  public static void createSubscriptionExample(
      String cloudRegion,
      char zoneId,
      long projectNumber,
      String topicId,
      String subscriptionId,
      boolean regional)
      throws Exception {

    CloudRegionOrZone location;
    if (regional) {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion));
    } else {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion), zoneId));
    }

    TopicPath topicPath =
        TopicPath.newBuilder()
            .setProject(ProjectNumber.of(projectNumber))
            .setLocation(location)
            .setName(TopicName.of(topicId))
            .build();

    SubscriptionPath subscriptionPath =
        SubscriptionPath.newBuilder()
            .setLocation(location)
            .setProject(ProjectNumber.of(projectNumber))
            .setName(SubscriptionName.of(subscriptionId))
            .build();

    Subscription subscription =
        Subscription.newBuilder()
            .setDeliveryConfig(
                // Possible values for DeliveryRequirement:
                // - `DELIVER_IMMEDIATELY`
                // - `DELIVER_AFTER_STORED`
                // You may choose whether to wait for a published message to be successfully written
                // to storage before the server delivers it to subscribers. `DELIVER_IMMEDIATELY` is
                // suitable for applications that need higher throughput.
                DeliveryConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setDeliveryRequirement(DeliveryRequirement.DELIVER_IMMEDIATELY))
            .setName(subscriptionPath.toString())
            .setTopic(topicPath.toString())
            .build();

    AdminClientSettings adminClientSettings =
        AdminClientSettings.newBuilder().setRegion(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion)).build();

    try (AdminClient adminClient = AdminClient.create(adminClientSettings)) {
      Subscription response = adminClient.createSubscription(subscription).get();
      System.out.println(response.getAllFields() + " created successfully.");
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      try {
        throw e.getCause();
      } catch (AlreadyExistsException alreadyExists) {
        System.out.println("This subscription already exists.");
      } catch (Throwable throwable) {
        throwable.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }
}

Python

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Python di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

from google.api_core.exceptions import AlreadyExists
from google.cloud.pubsublite import AdminClient, Subscription
from google.cloud.pubsublite.types import (
    CloudRegion,
    CloudZone,
    SubscriptionPath,
    TopicPath,
)

# TODO(developer):
# project_number = 1122334455
# cloud_region = "us-central1"
# zone_id = "a"
# topic_id = "your-topic-id"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"
# regional = True

if regional:
    location = CloudRegion(cloud_region)
else:
    location = CloudZone(CloudRegion(cloud_region), zone_id)

topic_path = TopicPath(project_number, location, topic_id)
subscription_path = SubscriptionPath(project_number, location, subscription_id)

subscription = Subscription(
    name=str(subscription_path),
    topic=str(topic_path),
    delivery_config=Subscription.DeliveryConfig(
        # Possible values for delivery_requirement:
        # - `DELIVER_IMMEDIATELY`
        # - `DELIVER_AFTER_STORED`
        # You may choose whether to wait for a published message to be successfully written
        # to storage before the server delivers it to subscribers. `DELIVER_IMMEDIATELY` is
        # suitable for applications that need higher throughput.
        delivery_requirement=Subscription.DeliveryConfig.DeliveryRequirement.DELIVER_IMMEDIATELY,
    ),
)

client = AdminClient(cloud_region)
try:
    response = client.create_subscription(subscription)
    print(f"{response.name} created successfully.")
except AlreadyExists:
    print(f"{subscription_path} already exists.")

Setelah membuat langganan Lite ke topik Lite, Anda dapat menerima pesan dari langganan Lite.

Memperbarui langganan Lite

Anda dapat memperbarui langganan Lite dengan Konsol Google Cloud, Google Cloud CLI, atau Pub/Sub Lite API.

Konsol

Buka halaman Langganan Lite.

Buka Langganan Lite
Klik ID langganan Lite.
Di halaman Detail langganan Lite, klik Edit.

gcloud

Untuk memperbarui langganan Lite, gunakan perintah gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions update:

gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions update SUBSCRIPTION_ID \
  --location=LOCATION \
  --delivery-requirement=DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT

Ganti kode berikut:

SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ID langganan Lite
LOCATION: nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite
DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT: deliver-after-stored atau deliver-immediately

Jika permintaan berhasil, command line akan menampilkan langganan Lite:

deliveryConfig:
  deliveryRequirement: DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT
name: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
topic: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID

Protokol

Untuk mengupdate langganan Lite, kirim permintaan PATCH seperti berikut:

PATCH https://REGION-pubsublite.googleapis.com/v1/admin/projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID?updateMask=deliveryConfig.deliveryRequirement
Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)

Ganti kode berikut:

REGION: region untuk menyimpan langganan Lite
PROJECT_NUMBER: nomor project project dengan langganan Lite
LOCATION: nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite
SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ID langganan Lite

Tentukan kolom berikut dalam isi permintaan:

{
  "deliveryConfig": {
    "deliveryRequirement": DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT,
   }
}

Mengganti DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT dengan deliver-after-stored atau deliver-immediately.

Jika permintaan berhasil, responsnya adalah langganan Lite dalam format JSON:

{
  "deliveryConfig": {
    "deliveryRequirement": DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT,
   }
  "name": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID",
  "topic": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID",
}

Go

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Go di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsublite"
)

func updateSubscription(w io.Writer, projectID, region, location, subID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// region := "us-central1"
	// NOTE: location can be either a region ("us-central1") or a zone ("us-central1-a")
	// For a list of valid locations, see https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/locations.
	// location := "us-central1"
	// subID := "my-subscription"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsublite.NewAdminClient(ctx, region)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsublite.NewAdminClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	subPath := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/subscriptions/%s", projectID, location, subID)
	config := pubsublite.SubscriptionConfigToUpdate{
		Name:                subPath,
		DeliveryRequirement: pubsublite.DeliverAfterStored,
	}
	updatedCfg, err := client.UpdateSubscription(ctx, config)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("client.UpdateSubscription got err: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated subscription: %#v\n", updatedCfg)
	return nil
}

Java

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Java di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import com.google.api.gax.rpc.NotFoundException;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClientSettings;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegion;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegionOrZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.ProjectNumber;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionName;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionPath;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.proto.Subscription;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.proto.Subscription.DeliveryConfig;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.proto.Subscription.DeliveryConfig.DeliveryRequirement;
import com.google.protobuf.FieldMask;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class UpdateSubscriptionExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String cloudRegion = "your-cloud-region";
    char zoneId = 'b';
    // Choose an existing subscription.
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";
    long projectNumber = Long.parseLong("123456789");
    // True if using a regional location. False if using a zonal location.
    // https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/topics
    boolean regional = false;

    updateSubscriptionExample(cloudRegion, zoneId, projectNumber, subscriptionId, regional);
  }

  public static void updateSubscriptionExample(
      String cloudRegion, char zoneId, long projectNumber, String subscriptionId, boolean regional)
      throws Exception {

    CloudRegionOrZone location;
    if (regional) {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion));
    } else {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion), zoneId));
    }

    SubscriptionPath subscriptionPath =
        SubscriptionPath.newBuilder()
            .setLocation(location)
            .setProject(ProjectNumber.of(projectNumber))
            .setName(SubscriptionName.of(subscriptionId))
            .build();

    FieldMask fieldMask =
        FieldMask.newBuilder().addPaths("delivery_config.delivery_requirement").build();

    Subscription subscription =
        Subscription.newBuilder()
            .setDeliveryConfig(
                // Possible values for DeliveryRequirement:
                // - `DELIVER_IMMEDIATELY`
                // - `DELIVER_AFTER_STORED`
                // `DELIVER_AFTER_STORED` requires a published message to be successfully written
                // to storage before the server delivers it to subscribers.
                DeliveryConfig.newBuilder()
                    .setDeliveryRequirement(DeliveryRequirement.DELIVER_AFTER_STORED))
            .setName(subscriptionPath.toString())
            .build();

    AdminClientSettings adminClientSettings =
        AdminClientSettings.newBuilder().setRegion(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion)).build();

    try (AdminClient adminClient = AdminClient.create(adminClientSettings)) {
      Subscription subscriptionBeforeUpdate = adminClient.getSubscription(subscriptionPath).get();
      System.out.println("Before update: " + subscriptionBeforeUpdate.getAllFields());

      Subscription subscriptionAfterUpdate =
          adminClient.updateSubscription(subscription, fieldMask).get();
      System.out.println("After update: " + subscriptionAfterUpdate.getAllFields());
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      try {
        throw e.getCause();
      } catch (NotFoundException notFound) {
        System.out.println("This subscription is not found.");
      } catch (Throwable throwable) {
        throwable.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }
}

Python

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Python di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

from google.api_core.exceptions import NotFound
from google.cloud.pubsublite import AdminClient, Subscription
from google.cloud.pubsublite.types import CloudRegion, CloudZone, SubscriptionPath
from google.protobuf.field_mask_pb2 import FieldMask

# TODO(developer):
# project_number = 1122334455
# cloud_region = "us-central1"
# zone_id = "a"
# topic_id = "your-topic-id"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"
# regional = True

if regional:
    location = CloudRegion(cloud_region)
else:
    location = CloudZone(CloudRegion(cloud_region), zone_id)

subscription_path = SubscriptionPath(project_number, location, subscription_id)
field_mask = FieldMask(paths=["delivery_config.delivery_requirement"])

subscription = Subscription(
    name=str(subscription_path),
    delivery_config=Subscription.DeliveryConfig(
        # Possible values for delivery_requirement:
        # - `DELIVER_IMMEDIATELY`
        # - `DELIVER_AFTER_STORED`
        # `DELIVER_AFTER_STORED` requires a published message to be successfully written
        # to storage before the server delivers it to subscribers.
        delivery_requirement=Subscription.DeliveryConfig.DeliveryRequirement.DELIVER_AFTER_STORED,
    ),
)

client = AdminClient(cloud_region)
try:
    response = client.update_subscription(subscription, field_mask)
    print(f"{response.name} updated successfully.")
except NotFound:
    print(f"{subscription_path} not found.")

Lihat detail langganan Lite

Anda bisa mendapatkan detail tentang langganan Lite menggunakan Google Cloud Console, Google Cloud CLI, atau Pub/Sub Lite API.

Konsol

Buka halaman Langganan Lite.

Buka Langganan Lite
Klik ID langganan Lite.
Di halaman detail langganan Lite, klik tab Details.

gcloud

Untuk mendapatkan detail tentang langganan Lite, gunakan perintah gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions describe:

gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions describe SUBSCRIPTION_ID \
  --location=LOCATION

Ganti kode berikut:

SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ID langganan Lite
LOCATION: nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite

Jika permintaan berhasil, command line akan menampilkan topik Lite:

deliveryConfig:
  deliveryRequirement: DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT
name: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
topic: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID

Protokol

Untuk mendapatkan detail tentang langganan Lite, kirim permintaan GET seperti berikut:

GET https://REGION-pubsublite.googleapis.com/v1/admin/projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)

Ganti kode berikut:

REGION: region untuk menyimpan langganan Lite
PROJECT_NUMBER: nomor project project dengan langganan Lite
LOCATION: nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite
SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ID langganan Lite

Jika permintaan berhasil, responsnya adalah topik Lite dalam format JSON:

{
  "deliveryConfig": {
    "deliveryRequirement": DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT,
   }
  "name": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID",
  "topic": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID",
}

Go

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Go di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsublite"
)

func getSubscription(w io.Writer, projectID, region, location, subID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// region := "us-central1"
	// NOTE: location can be either a region ("us-central1") or a zone ("us-central1-a")
	// For a list of valid locations, see https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/locations.
	// location := "us-central1"
	// subID := "my-subscription"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsublite.NewAdminClient(ctx, region)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsublite.NewAdminClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	subPath := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/subscriptions/%s", projectID, location, subID)
	sub, err := client.Subscription(ctx, subPath)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("client.Subscription got err: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Got subscription: %#v\n", sub)
	return nil
}

Java

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Java di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import com.google.api.gax.rpc.NotFoundException;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClientSettings;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegion;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegionOrZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.ProjectNumber;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionName;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionPath;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.proto.Subscription;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class GetSubscriptionExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String cloudRegion = "your-cloud-region";
    char zoneId = 'b';
    // Choose an existing subscription.
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";
    long projectNumber = Long.parseLong("123456789");
    // True if using a regional location. False if using a zonal location.
    // https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/topics
    boolean regional = false;

    getSubscriptionExample(cloudRegion, zoneId, projectNumber, subscriptionId, regional);
  }

  public static void getSubscriptionExample(
      String cloudRegion, char zoneId, long projectNumber, String subscriptionId, boolean regional)
      throws Exception {

    CloudRegionOrZone location;
    if (regional) {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion));
    } else {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion), zoneId));
    }

    SubscriptionPath subscriptionPath =
        SubscriptionPath.newBuilder()
            .setLocation(location)
            .setProject(ProjectNumber.of(projectNumber))
            .setName(SubscriptionName.of(subscriptionId))
            .build();

    AdminClientSettings adminClientSettings =
        AdminClientSettings.newBuilder().setRegion(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion)).build();

    try (AdminClient adminClient = AdminClient.create(adminClientSettings)) {
      Subscription subscription = adminClient.getSubscription(subscriptionPath).get();
      System.out.println(subscription.getAllFields());
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      try {
        throw e.getCause();
      } catch (NotFoundException notFound) {
        System.out.println("This subscription is not found.");
      } catch (Throwable throwable) {
        throwable.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }
}

Python

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Python di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

from google.api_core.exceptions import NotFound
from google.cloud.pubsublite import AdminClient
from google.cloud.pubsublite.types import CloudRegion, CloudZone, SubscriptionPath

# TODO(developer):
# project_number = 1122334455
# cloud_region = "us-central1"
# zone_id = "a"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"
# regional = True

if regional:
    location = CloudRegion(cloud_region)
else:
    location = CloudZone(CloudRegion(cloud_region), zone_id)

subscription_path = SubscriptionPath(project_number, location, subscription_id)

client = AdminClient(cloud_region)
try:
    response = client.get_subscription(subscription_path)
    print(f"{response.name} exists.")
except NotFound:
    print(f"{subscription_path} not found.")

Mencantumkan langganan Lite

Anda dapat mencantumkan langganan Lite dalam project atau langganan Lite ke topik Lite.

Mencantumkan langganan Lite dalam project

Anda dapat mencantumkan langganan Lite dalam sebuah project menggunakan Konsol Google Cloud, Google Cloud CLI, atau Pub/Sub Lite API.

Konsol

Buka halaman Langganan Lite.

Buka Langganan Lite

gcloud

Untuk mencantumkan langganan Lite dalam sebuah project, gunakan perintah gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions list:

gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions list \
  --location=LOCATION

Ganti LOCATION dengan nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite berada.

Jika permintaan berhasil, command line akan menampilkan langganan Lite:

---
deliveryConfig:
  deliveryRequirement: DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT
name: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
topic: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID
---
deliveryConfig:
  deliveryRequirement: DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT
name: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
topic: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID

Protokol

Untuk mencantumkan langganan Lite dalam sebuah project, kirim permintaan GET seperti berikut:

GET https://REGION-pubsublite.googleapis.com/v1/admin/projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/subscriptions
Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)

Ganti kode berikut:

REGION: region untuk menyimpan langganan Lite
PROJECT_NUMBER: nomor project project dengan langganan Lite

Jika permintaan berhasil, responsnya adalah topik Lite dalam format JSON:

{
  "subscriptions": [
      {
          "name": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID"
      },
      {
          "name": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID"
      }
  ]
}

Go

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Go di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsublite"
	"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
)

func listSubscriptionsInProject(w io.Writer, projectID, region, location string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// region := "us-central1"
	// NOTE: location can be either a region ("us-central1") or a zone ("us-central1-a")
	// For a list of valid locations, see https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/locations.
	// location := "us-central1"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsublite.NewAdminClient(ctx, region)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsublite.NewAdminClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// To list topics in a region, set location to a cloud region instead.
	parent := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s", projectID, location)
	subIter := client.Subscriptions(ctx, parent)
	for {
		sub, err := subIter.Next()
		if err == iterator.Done {
			break
		}
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("subIter.Next() got err: %w", err)
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Got subscription config: %v", sub)
	}
	return nil
}

Java

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Java di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClientSettings;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegion;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegionOrZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.LocationPath;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.ProjectNumber;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.proto.Subscription;
import java.util.List;

public class ListSubscriptionsInProjectExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String cloudRegion = "your-cloud-region";
    char zoneId = 'b';
    long projectNumber = Long.parseLong("123456789");
    // True if using a regional location. False if using a zonal location.
    // https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/topics
    boolean regional = true;

    listSubscriptionsInProjectExample(cloudRegion, zoneId, projectNumber, regional);
  }

  public static void listSubscriptionsInProjectExample(
      String cloudRegion, char zoneId, long projectNumber, boolean regional) throws Exception {

    AdminClientSettings adminClientSettings =
        AdminClientSettings.newBuilder().setRegion(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion)).build();

    CloudRegionOrZone location;
    if (regional) {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion));
    } else {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion), zoneId));
    }

    LocationPath locationPath =
        LocationPath.newBuilder()
            .setProject(ProjectNumber.of(projectNumber))
            .setLocation(location)
            .build();

    try (AdminClient adminClient = AdminClient.create(adminClientSettings)) {
      List<Subscription> subscriptions = adminClient.listSubscriptions(locationPath).get();
      for (Subscription subscription : subscriptions) {
        System.out.println(subscription.getAllFields());
      }
      System.out.println(subscriptions.size() + " subscription(s) listed in the project.");
    }
  }
}

Python

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Python di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

from google.cloud.pubsublite import AdminClient
from google.cloud.pubsublite.types import CloudRegion, CloudZone, LocationPath

# TODO(developer):
# project_number = 1122334455
# cloud_region = "us-central1"
# zone_id = "a"
# regional = True

if regional:
    location = CloudRegion(cloud_region)
else:
    location = CloudZone(CloudRegion(cloud_region), zone_id)

location_path = LocationPath(project_number, location)

client = AdminClient(cloud_region)
response = client.list_subscriptions(location_path)

for subscription in response:
    print(subscription.name)

print(f"{len(response)} subscription(s) listed in your project and location.")

Mencantumkan langganan Lite ke topik Lite

Anda dapat mencantumkan langganan Lite ke topik Lite menggunakan Konsol Google Cloud, Google Cloud CLI, atau Pub/Sub Lite API.

Konsol

Buka halaman Lite Topics.

Buka Topik Lite
Pilih ID topik Lite.
Di halaman detail topik Lite, bagian Langganan Lite menyertakan daftar langganan Lite ke topik Lite.

gcloud

Untuk mencantumkan langganan Lite ke suatu topik, gunakan perintah gcloud pubsub lite-topics list-subscriptions:

gcloud pubsub lite-topics list-subscriptions TOPIC_ID \
  --location=LOCATION

Ganti kode berikut:

TOPIC_ID: ID topik Lite yang dilampirkan langganan Lite
LOCATION: nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite

Jika permintaan berhasil, command line akan menampilkan langganan Lite:

---
deliveryConfig:
  deliveryRequirement: DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT
name: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
topic: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID
---
deliveryConfig:
  deliveryRequirement: DELIVERY_REQUIREMENT
name: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
topic: projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/topics/TOPIC_ID

Protokol

Untuk mencantumkan langganan Lite ke topik Lite, kirim permintaan GET seperti berikut:

GET https://REGION-pubsublite.googleapis.com/v1/admin/projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/lite-topics/TOPIC_ID/subscriptions
Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)

Ganti kode berikut:

REGION: region untuk menyimpan langganan Lite
PROJECT_NUMBER: nomor project project dengan langganan Lite
LOCATION: nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite
TOPIC_ID: ID topik Lite yang dilampirkan langganan Lite

Jika permintaan berhasil, responsnya adalah daftar langganan Lite dalam format JSON:

{
  "subscriptions": [
      {
          "name": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID"
      },
      {
          "name": "projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID"
      }
  ]
}

Go

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Go di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsublite"
	"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
)

func listSubscriptionsInTopic(w io.Writer, projectID, region, location, topicID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// region := "us-central1"
	// NOTE: location can be either a region ("us-central1") or a zone ("us-central1-a")
	// For a list of valid locations, see https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/locations.
	// location := "us-central"
	// topicID := "my-topic"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsublite.NewAdminClient(ctx, region)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsublite.NewAdminClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	topicPath := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/topics/%s", projectID, location, topicID)
	subPathIter := client.TopicSubscriptions(ctx, topicPath)
	for {
		subPath, err := subPathIter.Next()
		if err == iterator.Done {
			break
		}
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("subPathIter.Next got err: %w", err)
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Got subscription: %s\n", subPath)
	}
	return nil
}

Java

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Java di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClientSettings;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegion;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegionOrZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.ProjectNumber;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionPath;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.TopicName;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.TopicPath;
import java.util.List;

public class ListSubscriptionsInTopicExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String cloudRegion = "your-cloud-region";
    char zoneId = 'b';
    long projectNumber = Long.parseLong("123456789");
    String topicId = "your-topic-id";
    // True if using a regional location. False if using a zonal location.
    // https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/topics
    boolean regional = false;

    listSubscriptionsInTopicExample(cloudRegion, zoneId, projectNumber, topicId, regional);
  }

  public static void listSubscriptionsInTopicExample(
      String cloudRegion, char zoneId, long projectNumber, String topicId, boolean regional)
      throws Exception {

    CloudRegionOrZone location;
    if (regional) {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion));
    } else {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion), zoneId));
    }

    TopicPath topicPath =
        TopicPath.newBuilder()
            .setProject(ProjectNumber.of(projectNumber))
            .setLocation(location)
            .setName(TopicName.of(topicId))
            .build();

    AdminClientSettings adminClientSettings =
        AdminClientSettings.newBuilder().setRegion(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion)).build();

    try (AdminClient adminClient = AdminClient.create(adminClientSettings)) {
      List<SubscriptionPath> subscriptionPaths =
          adminClient.listTopicSubscriptions(topicPath).get();
      for (SubscriptionPath subscription : subscriptionPaths) {
        System.out.println(subscription.toString());
      }
      if (regional) {
        System.out.println(
            subscriptionPaths.size()
                + " subscription(s) listed in the regional topic "
                + topicPath);
      } else {
        System.out.println(
            subscriptionPaths.size() + " subscription(s) listed in the zonal topic " + topicPath);
      }
    }
  }
}

Python

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Python di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

from google.cloud.pubsublite import AdminClient
from google.cloud.pubsublite.types import CloudRegion, CloudZone, TopicPath

# TODO(developer):
# project_number = 1122334455
# cloud_region = "us-central1"
# zone_id = "a"
# topic_id = "your-topic-id"
# regional = True

if regional:
    location = CloudRegion(cloud_region)
else:
    location = CloudZone(CloudRegion(cloud_region), zone_id)

topic_path = TopicPath(project_number, location, topic_id)

client = AdminClient(cloud_region)
response = client.list_topic_subscriptions(topic_path)

for subscription_path in response:
    print(subscription_path)

print(f"{len(response)} subscription(s) listed in your topic.")

Menghapus langganan Lite

Anda dapat menghapus langganan Lite dengan Konsol Google Cloud, Google Cloud CLI, atau Pub/Sub Lite API.

Konsol

Buka halaman Langganan Lite.

Buka Langganan Lite
Klik ID langganan Lite.
Di halaman Detail langganan Lite, klik Delete.
Pada dialog yang muncul, klik Delete untuk mengonfirmasi bahwa Anda ingin menghapus langganan Lite.

gcloud

Untuk menghapus langganan Lite, gunakan perintah gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions delete:

Jalankan perintah delete:
```
gcloud pubsub lite-subscriptions delete SUBSCRIPTION_ID \
 --location=LOCATION
```
Ganti kode berikut:
- SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ID langganan Lite
- LOCATION: nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite
Untuk mengonfirmasi, ketik Y.

Jika permintaan berhasil, command line akan menampilkan konfirmasi:

Deleted subscription [SUBSCRIPTION_ID].

Protokol

Untuk menghapus topik Lite, kirim permintaan DELETE seperti berikut:

DELETE https://REGION-pubsublite.googleapis.com/v1/admin/projects/PROJECT_NUMBER/locations/LOCATION/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)

Ganti kode berikut:

REGION: region untuk menyimpan langganan Lite
PROJECT_NUMBER: nomor project project dengan langganan Lite
LOCATION: nama lokasi tempat langganan Lite
SUBSCRIPTION_ID: ID langganan Lite

Jika permintaan berhasil, responsnya adalah objek JSON kosong.

Go

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Go di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsublite"
)

func deleteSubscription(w io.Writer, projectID, region, location, subID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// region := "us-central1"
	// NOTE: location can be either a region ("us-central1") or a zone ("us-central1-a")
	// For a list of valid locations, see https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/locations.
	// location := "us-central1"
	// subID := "my-subscription"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsublite.NewAdminClient(ctx, region)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsublite.NewAdminClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	err = client.DeleteSubscription(ctx, fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/subscriptions/%s", projectID, location, subID))
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("client.DeleteSubscription got err: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Deleted subscription\n")
	return nil
}

Java

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Java di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

import com.google.api.gax.rpc.NotFoundException;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClient;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.AdminClientSettings;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegion;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudRegionOrZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.CloudZone;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.ProjectNumber;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionName;
import com.google.cloud.pubsublite.SubscriptionPath;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;

public class DeleteSubscriptionExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String cloudRegion = "your-cloud-region";
    char zoneId = 'b';
    // Choose an existing subscription.
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";
    long projectNumber = Long.parseLong("123456789");
    // True if using a regional location. False if using a zonal location.
    // https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/lite/docs/topics
    boolean regional = false;

    deleteSubscriptionExample(cloudRegion, zoneId, projectNumber, subscriptionId, regional);
  }

  public static void deleteSubscriptionExample(
      String cloudRegion, char zoneId, long projectNumber, String subscriptionId, boolean regional)
      throws Exception {

    CloudRegionOrZone location;
    if (regional) {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion));
    } else {
      location = CloudRegionOrZone.of(CloudZone.of(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion), zoneId));
    }

    SubscriptionPath subscriptionPath =
        SubscriptionPath.newBuilder()
            .setLocation(location)
            .setProject(ProjectNumber.of(projectNumber))
            .setName(SubscriptionName.of(subscriptionId))
            .build();

    AdminClientSettings adminClientSettings =
        AdminClientSettings.newBuilder().setRegion(CloudRegion.of(cloudRegion)).build();

    try (AdminClient adminClient = AdminClient.create(adminClientSettings)) {
      adminClient.deleteSubscription(subscriptionPath).get();
      System.out.println(subscriptionPath + " deleted successfully.");
    } catch (ExecutionException e) {
      try {
        throw e.getCause();
      } catch (NotFoundException notFound) {
        System.out.println("This subscription is not found.");
      } catch (Throwable throwable) {
        throwable.printStackTrace();
      }
    }
  }
}

Python

Sebelum menjalankan contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Python di Library Klien Pub/Sub Lite.

from google.api_core.exceptions import NotFound
from google.cloud.pubsublite import AdminClient
from google.cloud.pubsublite.types import CloudRegion, CloudZone, SubscriptionPath

# TODO(developer):
# project_number = 1122334455
# cloud_region = "us-central1"
# zone_id = "a"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"
# regional = True

if regional:
    location = CloudRegion(cloud_region)
else:
    location = CloudZone(CloudRegion(cloud_region), zone_id)

subscription_path = SubscriptionPath(project_number, location, subscription_id)

client = AdminClient(cloud_region)
try:
    client.delete_subscription(subscription_path)
    print(f"{subscription_path} deleted successfully.")
except NotFound:
    print(f"{subscription_path} not found.")

Membuat dan mengelola langganan Lite

Properti langganan Lite

Persyaratan pengiriman untuk pesan

Panduan untuk menamai langganan

Membuat langganan Lite

Konsol

gcloud

Protokol

Go

Java

Python

Memperbarui langganan Lite

Konsol

gcloud

Protokol

Go

Java

Python

Lihat detail langganan Lite

Konsol

gcloud

Protokol

Go

Java

Python

Mencantumkan langganan Lite

Mencantumkan langganan Lite dalam project

Konsol

gcloud

Protokol

Go

Java

Python

Mencantumkan langganan Lite ke topik Lite

Konsol

gcloud

Protokol

Go

Java

Python

Menghapus langganan Lite

Konsol

gcloud

Protokol

Go

Java

Python

Langkah Berikutnya