Pengujian integrasi Pub/Sub

Menunjukkan cara melakukan pengujian integrasi pada fungsi yang dipicu oleh Pub/Sub.

Contoh kode

Java

Untuk melakukan autentikasi ke fungsi Cloud Run, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import io.github.resilience4j.core.IntervalFunction;
import io.github.resilience4j.retry.Retry;
import io.github.resilience4j.retry.RetryConfig;
import io.github.resilience4j.retry.RetryRegistry;
import io.vavr.CheckedRunnable;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URI;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.HttpHostConnectException;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.junit.AfterClass;
import org.junit.BeforeClass;
import org.junit.Test;

public class ExampleIT {
  // Each function must be assigned a unique port to run on.
  // Otherwise, tests can flake when 2+ functions run simultaneously.
  // This is also specified in the `function-maven-plugin` config in `pom.xml`.
  private static final int PORT = 8083;

  // Root URL pointing to the locally hosted function
  // The Functions Framework Maven plugin lets us run a function locally
  private static final String BASE_URL = "http://localhost:" + PORT;

  private static Process emulatorProcess = null;
  private static HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
  private static final Gson gson = new Gson();

  @BeforeClass
  public static void setUp() throws IOException {
    // Get the sample's base directory (the one containing a pom.xml file)
    String baseDir = System.getProperty("user.dir");

    // Emulate the function locally by running the Functions Framework Maven plugin
    emulatorProcess = new ProcessBuilder()
        .command("bash", "-c", "mvn function:run")
        .directory(new File(baseDir))
        .start();
  }

  @AfterClass
  public static void tearDown() throws IOException {
    // Display the output of the plugin process
    InputStream stdoutStream = emulatorProcess.getInputStream();
    ByteArrayOutputStream stdoutBytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    stdoutBytes.write(stdoutStream.readNBytes(stdoutStream.available()));
    System.err.println(stdoutBytes.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

    // Terminate the running Functions Framework Maven plugin process (if it's still running)
    if (emulatorProcess.isAlive()) {
      emulatorProcess.destroy();
    }
  }

  @Test
  public void helloPubSub_shouldRunWithFunctionsFramework() throws Throwable {
    String functionUrl = BASE_URL + "/helloPubsub"; // URL to your locally-running function

    // Initialize constants
    String name = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    String nameBase64 = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(name.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));

    String jsonStr = gson.toJson(Map.of("data", Map.of("data", nameBase64)));

    HttpPost postRequest =  new HttpPost(URI.create(functionUrl));
    postRequest.setEntity(new StringEntity(jsonStr));

    // The Functions Framework Maven plugin process takes time to start up
    // Use resilience4j to retry the test HTTP request until the plugin responds
    RetryRegistry registry = RetryRegistry.of(RetryConfig.custom()
        .maxAttempts(12)
        .retryExceptions(HttpHostConnectException.class)
        .retryOnResult(u -> {
          // Retry if the Functions Framework process has no stdout content
          // See `retryOnResultPredicate` here: https://resilience4j.readme.io/docs/retry
          try {
            return emulatorProcess.getErrorStream().available() == 0;
          } catch (IOException e) {
            return true;
          }
        })
        .intervalFunction(IntervalFunction.ofExponentialBackoff(200, 2))
        .build());
    Retry retry = registry.retry("my");

    // Perform the request-retry process
    CheckedRunnable retriableFunc = Retry.decorateCheckedRunnable(
        retry, () -> client.execute(postRequest));
    retriableFunc.run();

    // Get Functions Framework plugin process' stdout
    InputStream stdoutStream = emulatorProcess.getErrorStream();
    ByteArrayOutputStream stdoutBytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    stdoutBytes.write(stdoutStream.readNBytes(stdoutStream.available()));

    // Verify desired name value is present
    assertThat(stdoutBytes.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8)).contains(
        String.format("Hello %s!", name));
  }
}

Node.js

Untuk melakukan autentikasi ke fungsi Cloud Run, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

const assert = require('assert');
const {spawn} = require('child_process');
const {request} = require('gaxios');
const uuid = require('uuid');
const waitPort = require('wait-port');

  it('helloPubSub: should print a name', async () => {
    const name = uuid.v4();
    const PORT = 8088; // Each running framework instance needs a unique port

    const encodedName = Buffer.from(name).toString('base64');
    const pubsubMessage = {data: {data: encodedName}};
    const ffProc = spawn('npx', [
      'functions-framework',
      '--target',
      'helloPubSub',
      '--signature-type',
      'event',
      '--port',
      PORT,
    ]);

    try {
      const ffProcHandler = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        let stdout = '';
        let stderr = '';
        ffProc.stdout.on('data', data => (stdout += data));
        ffProc.stderr.on('data', data => (stderr += data));
        ffProc.on('exit', code => {
          if (code === 0 || code === null) {
            // code === null corresponds to a signal-kill
            // (which doesn't necessarily indicate a test failure)
            resolve(stdout);
          } else {
            stderr = `Error code: ${code}\n${stderr}`;
            reject(new Error(stderr));
          }
        });
      });
      await waitPort({host: 'localhost', port: PORT});

      // Send HTTP request simulating Pub/Sub message
      // (GCF translates Pub/Sub messages to HTTP requests internally)
      const response = await request({
        url: `http://localhost:${PORT}/`,
        method: 'POST',
        data: pubsubMessage,
      });
      ffProc.kill();

      assert.strictEqual(response.status, 204);

      // Wait for the functions framework to stop
      const stdout = await ffProcHandler;
      assert.match(stdout, new RegExp(`Hello, ${name}!`));
    } catch {
      if (ffProc) {
        // Make sure the functions framework is stopped
        ffProc.kill();
      }
    }
  });
});

PHP

Untuk melakukan autentikasi ke fungsi Cloud Run, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

namespace Google\Cloud\Samples\Functions\HelloworldPubsub;

use Google\CloudFunctions\CloudEvent;
use GuzzleHttp\Client;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
use Symfony\Component\Process\Process;
use Symfony\Component\Process\PhpExecutableFinder;

/**
 * Class SampleIntegrationTest.
 *
 * Integration tests for the 'Helloworld Pubsub' Cloud Function.
 */
class SampleIntegrationTest extends TestCase
{
    /** @var Process */
    private static $process;

    /** @var Client */
    private static $client;

    public function dataProvider()
    {
        return [
            [
                'cloudevent' => CloudEvent::fromArray([
                    'id' => uniqid(),
                    'source' => 'pubsub.googleapis.com',
                    'specversion' => '1.0',
                    'type' => 'google.cloud.pubsub.topic.v1.messagePublished',
                ]),
                'data' => [
                    'data' => base64_encode('John')
                ],
                'expected' => 'Hello, John!'
            ],
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Start a local PHP server running the Functions Framework.
     *
     * @beforeClass
     */
    public static function startFunctionFramework(): void
    {
        $port = getenv('PORT') ?: '8080';
        $php = (new PhpExecutableFinder())->find();
        $uri = 'localhost:' . $port;

        // https://symfony.com/doc/current/components/process.html#usage
        self::$process = new Process([$php, '-S', $uri, 'vendor/bin/router.php'], null, [
            'FUNCTION_SIGNATURE_TYPE' => 'cloudevent',
            'FUNCTION_TARGET' => 'helloworldPubsub',
        ]);
        self::$process->start();

        // Initialize an HTTP client to drive requests.
        self::$client = new Client(['base_uri' => 'http://' . $uri]);

        // Short delay to ensure PHP server is ready.
        sleep(1);
    }

    /**
     * Stop the local PHP server.
     *
     * @afterClass
     */
    public static function stopFunctionFramework(): void
    {
        if (!self::$process->isRunning()) {
            echo self::$process->getErrorOutput();
            throw new RuntimeException('Function Framework PHP process not running by end of test');
        }
        self::$process->stop(3, SIGTERM);
    }

    /**
     * @dataProvider dataProvider
     */
    public function testHelloPubsub(
        CloudEvent $cloudevent,
        array $data,
        string $expected
    ): void {
        // Send an HTTP request using CloudEvent metadata.
        $resp = self::$client->post('/', [
            'body' => json_encode($data),
            'headers' => [
                // Instruct the function framework to parse the body as JSON.
                'content-type' => 'application/json',

                // Prepare the HTTP headers for a CloudEvent.
                'ce-id' => $cloudevent->getId(),
                'ce-source' => $cloudevent->getSource(),
                'ce-specversion' => $cloudevent->getSpecVersion(),
                'ce-type' => $cloudevent->getType()
            ],
        ]);

        // The Cloud Function logs all data to stderr.
        $actual = self::$process->getIncrementalErrorOutput();

        // Verify the function's results are correctly logged.
        $this->assertStringContainsString($expected, $actual);
    }
}

Python

Untuk melakukan autentikasi ke fungsi Cloud Run, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal.

import base64
import os
import subprocess
import uuid

import requests
from requests.packages.urllib3.util.retry import Retry


def test_print_name():
    name = str(uuid.uuid4())
    port = 8088  # Each running framework instance needs a unique port

    encoded_name = base64.b64encode(name.encode("utf-8")).decode("utf-8")
    pubsub_message = {"data": {"data": encoded_name}}

    process = subprocess.Popen(
        [
            "functions-framework",
            "--target",
            "hello_pubsub",
            "--signature-type",
            "event",
            "--port",
            str(port),
        ],
        cwd=os.path.dirname(__file__),
        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
    )

    # Send HTTP request simulating Pub/Sub message
    # (GCF translates Pub/Sub messages to HTTP requests internally)
    url = f"http://localhost:{port}/"

    retry_policy = Retry(total=6, backoff_factor=1)
    retry_adapter = requests.adapters.HTTPAdapter(max_retries=retry_policy)

    session = requests.Session()
    session.mount(url, retry_adapter)

    response = session.post(url, json=pubsub_message)

    assert response.status_code == 200

    # Stop the functions framework process
    process.kill()
    process.wait()
    out, err = process.communicate()

    print(out, err, response.content)

    assert f"Hello {name}!" in str(out)

Langkah selanjutnya

Untuk menelusuri dan memfilter contoh kode untuk produk Google Cloud lainnya, lihat browser contoh Google Cloud.