Menghindari percobaan ulang tanpa batas di Cloud Functions

Contoh ini menunjukkan cara menghindari percobaan ulang tanpa batas di Cloud Functions dengan hanya mengeksekusi dalam jangka waktu tertentu setelah peristiwa pemicu.

Mempelajari lebih lanjut

Untuk dokumentasi mendetail yang menyertakan contoh kode ini, lihat referensi berikut:

Contoh kode

Go

Untuk melakukan autentikasi ke fungsi Cloud Run, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal. 


// Package tips contains tips for writing Cloud Functions in Go.
package tips

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"time"

	"github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/functions-framework-go/functions"
	"github.com/cloudevents/sdk-go/v2/event"
)

func init() {
	functions.CloudEvent("FiniteRetryPubSub", FiniteRetryPubSub)
}

// MessagePublishedData contains the full Pub/Sub message
// See the documentation for more details:
// https://cloud.google.com/eventarc/docs/cloudevents#pubsub
type MessagePublishedData struct {
	Message PubSubMessage
}

// PubSubMessage is the payload of a Pub/Sub event.
// See the documentation for more details:
// https://cloud.google.com/pubsub/docs/reference/rest/v1/PubsubMessage
type PubSubMessage struct {
	Data []byte `json:"data"`
}

// FiniteRetryPubSub demonstrates how to avoid inifinite retries.
func FiniteRetryPubSub(ctx context.Context, e event.Event) error {
	var msg MessagePublishedData
	if err := e.DataAs(&msg); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("event.DataAs: %w", err)
	}

	// Ignore events that are too old.
	expiration := e.Time().Add(10 * time.Second)
	if time.Now().After(expiration) {
		log.Printf("event timeout: halting retries for expired event '%q'", e.ID())
		return nil
	}

	// Add your message processing logic.
	return processTheMessage(msg)
}

Java

Untuk melakukan autentikasi ke fungsi Cloud Run, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal. 


import com.google.cloud.functions.CloudEventsFunction;
import io.cloudevents.CloudEvent;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.time.ZoneOffset;
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class RetryTimeout implements CloudEventsFunction {
  private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(RetryTimeout.class.getName());
  private static final long MAX_EVENT_AGE = 10_000;

  /**
   * Cloud Event Function that only executes within
   * a certain time period after the triggering event
   */
  @Override
  public void accept(CloudEvent event) throws Exception {
    ZonedDateTime utcNow = ZonedDateTime.now(ZoneOffset.UTC);
    ZonedDateTime timestamp = event.getTime().atZoneSameInstant(ZoneOffset.UTC);

    long eventAge = Duration.between(timestamp, utcNow).toMillis();

    // Ignore events that are too old
    if (eventAge > MAX_EVENT_AGE) {
      logger.info(String.format("Dropping event with timestamp %s.", timestamp));
      return;
    }

    // Process events that are recent enough
    // To retry this invocation, throw an exception here
    logger.info(String.format("Processing event with timestamp %s.", timestamp));
  }
}

Node.js

Untuk melakukan autentikasi ke fungsi Cloud Run, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal. 

const functions = require('@google-cloud/functions-framework');

/**
 * Cloud Event Function that only executes within
 * a certain time period after the triggering event
 *
 * @param {object} event The Cloud Functions event.
 * @param {function} callback The callback function.
 */
functions.cloudEvent('avoidInfiniteRetries', (event, callback) => {
  const eventAge = Date.now() - Date.parse(event.time);
  const eventMaxAge = 10000;

  // Ignore events that are too old
  if (eventAge > eventMaxAge) {
    console.log(`Dropping event ${event} with age ${eventAge} ms.`);
    callback();
    return;
  }

  // Do what the function is supposed to do
  console.log(`Processing event ${event} with age ${eventAge} ms.`);

  // Retry failed function executions
  const failed = false;
  if (failed) {
    callback('some error');
  } else {
    callback();
  }
});

Python

Untuk melakukan autentikasi ke fungsi Cloud Run, siapkan Kredensial Default Aplikasi. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, baca Menyiapkan autentikasi untuk lingkungan pengembangan lokal. 

from datetime import datetime, timezone

# The 'python-dateutil' package must be included in requirements.txt.
from dateutil import parser

import functions_framework


@functions_framework.cloud_event
def avoid_infinite_retries(cloud_event):
    """Cloud Event Function that only executes within a certain
    time period after the triggering event.

    Args:
        cloud_event: The cloud event associated with the current trigger
    Returns:
        None; output is written to Stackdriver Logging
    """
    timestamp = cloud_event["time"]

    event_time = parser.parse(timestamp)
    event_age = (datetime.now(timezone.utc) - event_time).total_seconds()
    event_age_ms = event_age * 1000

    # Ignore events that are too old
    max_age_ms = 10000
    if event_age_ms > max_age_ms:
        print("Dropped {} (age {}ms)".format(cloud_event["id"], event_age_ms))
        return "Timeout"

    # Do what the function is supposed to do
    print("Processed {} (age {}ms)".format(cloud_event["id"], event_age_ms))
    return  # To retry the execution, raise an exception here

Langkah berikutnya

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