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HTTP-Cloud Run Functions-Funktion mit Python (1. Generation) erstellen und bereitstellen
Dieser Leitfaden erläutert den Prozess zum Schreiben einer Cloud Run Functions-Funktion mithilfe der Python-Laufzeit. Es gibt zwei Arten von Cloud Run-Funktionen:
Eine HTTP-Funktion, die Sie über Standard-HTTP-Anfragen aufrufen.
Eine durch ein Ereignis ausgelöste Funktion, mit der Sie Ereignisse aus Ihrer Cloud-Infrastruktur verarbeiten können, z. B. Nachrichten in einem Pub/Sub-Thema oder Änderungen in einem Cloud Storage-Bucket.
Das Beispiel zeigt, wie Sie eine einfache HTTP-Funktion erstellen.
Hinweise
Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to
Google Cloud,
create an account to evaluate how our products perform in
real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to
run, test, and deploy workloads.
In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page,
select or create a Google Cloud project.
Erstellen Sie in Ihrem lokalen System ein Verzeichnis für den Funktionscode:
Linux oder MacOS X
mkdir~/helloworldcd~/helloworld
Windows
mkdir%HOMEPATH%\helloworldcd%HOMEPATH%\helloworld
Erstellen Sie eine main.py-Datei im Verzeichnis helloworld mit folgendem Inhalt:
importfunctions_frameworkfrommarkupsafeimportescape@functions_framework.httpdefhello_http(request):"""HTTP Cloud Function. Args: request (flask.Request): The request object. <https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/api/#incoming-request-data> Returns: The response text, or any set of values that can be turned into a Response object using `make_response` <https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/api/#flask.make_response>. """request_json=request.get_json(silent=True)request_args=request.argsifrequest_jsonand"name"inrequest_json:name=request_json["name"]elifrequest_argsand"name"inrequest_args:name=request_args["name"]else:name="World"returnf"Hello {escape(name)}!"
Diese Beispielfunktion verwendet einen in der HTTP-Anfrage angegebenen Namen und gibt eine Begrüßung bzw. „Hello World!“, wenn kein Name angegeben wird, zurück.
Abhängigkeiten angeben
Abhängigkeiten in Python werden mit pip verwaltet und in einer Metadatendatei mit dem Namen requirements.txt ausgedrückt.
Diese Datei muss sich im selben Verzeichnis wie die Datei main.py befinden, die den Funktionscode enthält.
Sie müssen zur Ausführung dieses Beispiels kein requirements.txt erstellen, aber angenommen, Sie möchten Ihre eigenen Abhängigkeiten hinzufügen. Dazu gehen Sie folgendermaßen vor:
Erstellen Sie im Verzeichnis helloworld eine Datei requirements.txt.
Fügen Sie die Abhängigkeit der Funktion Ihrer requirements.txt-Datei hinzu. Beispiel:
# An example requirements file, add your dependencies belowsampleproject==2.0.0
Funktion implementieren
Stellen Sie die Funktion mit einem HTTP-Trigger mit diesem Befehl im Verzeichnis helloworld bereit:
[[["Leicht verständlich","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Mein Problem wurde gelöst","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Sonstiges","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Schwer verständlich","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["Informationen oder Beispielcode falsch","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["Benötigte Informationen/Beispiele nicht gefunden","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["Problem mit der Übersetzung","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["Sonstiges","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Zuletzt aktualisiert: 2025-09-03 (UTC)."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis guide provides instructions on creating and deploying an HTTP Cloud Run function using Python (1st gen).\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe process involves setting up your development environment with the gcloud CLI and preparing a \u003ccode\u003emain.py\u003c/code\u003e file that contains the Python code for your function.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eDependencies for the function are managed using a \u003ccode\u003erequirements.txt\u003c/code\u003e file, which lists the necessary external libraries.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eDeployment is executed via the gcloud CLI with a command that sets up the function as an HTTP trigger, and testing is done by accessing a URL provided upon deployment.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eFunction logs can be viewed using both the gcloud CLI and the Google Cloud console's Logging dashboard.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Create and deploy an HTTP Cloud Run function by using Python (1st gen)\n\nThis guide takes you through the process of writing a Cloud Run function\nusing the Python runtime. There are two types of Cloud Run functions:\n\n- An HTTP function, which you invoke from standard HTTP requests.\n- An event-driven function, which you use to handle events from your Cloud infrastructure, such as messages on a Pub/Sub topic, or changes in a Cloud Storage bucket.\n\nThe sample shows how to create a simple HTTP function.\n| **Learn more** : For more details, read about [HTTP functions](/functions/1stgendocs/writing/write-http-functions) and [event-driven functions](/functions/1stgendocs/writing/write-event-driven-functions).\n\nBefore you begin\n\n- Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, [create an account](https://console.cloud.google.com/freetrial) to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.\n- In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page,\n select or create a Google Cloud project.\n\n | **Note**: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.\n\n [Go to project selector](https://console.cloud.google.com/projectselector2/home/dashboard)\n-\n [Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project](/billing/docs/how-to/verify-billing-enabled#confirm_billing_is_enabled_on_a_project).\n\n-\n\n\n Enable the Cloud Functions and Cloud Build APIs.\n\n\n [Enable the APIs](https://console.cloud.google.com/flows/enableapi?apiid=cloudfunctions,cloudbuild.googleapis.com&redirect=https://cloud.google.com/functions/quickstart)\n\n- In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page,\n select or create a Google Cloud project.\n\n | **Note**: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.\n\n [Go to project selector](https://console.cloud.google.com/projectselector2/home/dashboard)\n-\n [Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project](/billing/docs/how-to/verify-billing-enabled#confirm_billing_is_enabled_on_a_project).\n\n-\n\n\n Enable the Cloud Functions and Cloud Build APIs.\n\n\n [Enable the APIs](https://console.cloud.google.com/flows/enableapi?apiid=cloudfunctions,cloudbuild.googleapis.com&redirect=https://cloud.google.com/functions/quickstart)\n\n1. [Install and initialize the gcloud CLI](/sdk/docs).\n2. Update and install `gcloud` components: \n\n ```bash\n gcloud components update\n ```\n| **Note** : Need a command prompt? You can use the [Google Cloud\n| Shell](https://console.cloud.google.com/?cloudshell=true). The Google Cloud Shell is a command line environment that already includes the Google Cloud CLI, so you don't need to install it. The Google Cloud CLI also comes preinstalled on Google Compute Engine Virtual Machines.\n3. Prepare your development environment.\n [Go to the Python setup guide](/python/docs/setup)\n\nCreate a function\n\n1. Create a directory on your local system for the function code:\n\n Linux or Mac OS X \n\n mkdir ~/helloworld\n cd ~/helloworld\n\n Windows \n\n mkdir %HOMEPATH%\\helloworld\n cd %HOMEPATH%\\helloworld\n\n2. Create a `main.py` file in the `helloworld` directory with the\n following contents:\n\n\n import functions_framework\n\n\n from markupsafe import escape\n\n @functions_framework.http\n def hello_http(request):\n \"\"\"HTTP Cloud Function.\n Args:\n request (flask.Request): The request o\u003cbject.\n https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/api/#incomi\u003eng-request-data\n Returns:\n The response text, or any set of values that can be turned into a\n Response object using `make_res\u003cponse`\n https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/api/#flas\u003ek.make_response.\n \"\"\"\n request_json = request.get_json(silent=True)\n request_args = request.args\n\n if request_json and \"name\" in request_json:\n name = request_json[\"name\"]\n elif request_args and \"name\" in request_args:\n name = request_args[\"name\"]\n else:\n name = \"World\"\n return f\"Hello {escape(name)}!\"\n\n This example function takes a name supplied in the HTTP request and returns\n a greeting, or \"Hello World!\" when no name is supplied.\n | **Note:** Cloud Run functions looks for deployable functions in `main.py` by default. Use the [`--source`](/sdk/gcloud/reference/functions/deploy#--source) flag when [deploying your function via `gcloud`](#deploying_the_function) to specify a different directory containing a `main.py` file.\n\nSpecify dependencies\n\nDependencies in Python are managed with [pip](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/)\nand expressed in a metadata file called\n[`requirements.txt`](https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/user_guide/#requirements-files).\nThis file must be in the same directory as the `main.py` file that contains\nyour function code.\n\nYou don't need to create a `requirements.txt` to run this particular sample,\nbut suppose you wanted to add your own dependencies. Here's how you would do it:\n\n1. Create a `requirements.txt` file in the `helloworld` directory.\n\n2. Add the function's dependency, to your `requirements.txt` file, for example:\n\n # An example requirements file, add your dependencies below\n sampleproject==2.0.0\n\n| **Learn more** : For more details, read about [specifying dependencies](/functions/1stgendocs/writing/specifying-dependencies-python).\n\nDeploy the function\n\nTo deploy the function with an HTTP trigger, run the following\ncommand in the `helloworld` directory: \n\n```sh\ngcloud functions deploy hello_http --no-gen2 --runtime python312 --trigger-http --allow-unauthenticated\n```\n\nThe `--allow-unauthenticated` flag lets you reach the function\n[without authentication](/functions/1stgendocs/securing/managing-access-iam#allowing_unauthenticated_http_function_invocation).\nTo require\n[authentication](/functions/1stgendocs/securing/authenticating#developers), omit the\nflag.\n| **Learn more** : For more details, read about [deploying Cloud Run functions](/functions/1stgendocs/deploy#basics).\n\nTest the function\n\n1. When the function finishes deploying, take note of the `httpsTrigger.url`\n property or find it using the following command:\n\n gcloud functions describe hello_http\n\n It should look like this: \n\n ```\n https://GCP_REGION-PROJECT_ID.cloudfunctions.net/hello_http\n ```\n2. Visit this URL in your browser. You should see a \"Hello World!\" message.\n\n Try passing a name in the HTTP request, for example by using the following\n URL: \n\n ```\n https://GCP_REGION-PROJECT_ID.cloudfunctions.net/hello_http?name=NAME\n ```\n\n You should see the message \"Hello \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eNAME\u003c/var\u003e!\"\n\nView logs\n\nLogs for Cloud Run functions are viewable using the Google Cloud CLI, and in the\nCloud Logging UI.\n\nUse the command-line tool\n\nTo view logs for your function with the gcloud CLI, use the\n[`logs read`](/sdk/gcloud/reference/functions/logs/read) command, followed by\nthe name of the function: \n\n```bash\ngcloud functions logs read hello_http\n```\n\nThe output should resemble the following: \n\n```bash\nLEVEL NAME EXECUTION_ID TIME_UTC LOG\nD hello_http pdb5ys2t022n 2019-09-18 23:29:09.791 Function execution started\nD hello_http pdb5ys2t022n 2019-09-18 23:29:09.798 Function execution took 7 ms, finished with status code: 200\n```\n| **Note:** There is typically a slight delay between when log entries are created and when they show up in Cloud Logging.\n\nUse the Logging dashboard\n\nYou can also view logs for Cloud Run functions from the\n[Google Cloud console](https://console.cloud.google.com/project/_/logs?service=cloudfunctions.googleapis.com).\n| **Learn more** : For more details, read about [writing, viewing, and responding to logs](/functions/1stgendocs/monitoring/logging)."]]
