使用 DLP API 检查敏感文本

使用 DLP API 检查敏感文本

了解如何使用敏感数据保护的 Cloud Data Loss Prevention API 和 JSON 扫描示例字符串，检查是否存在敏感信息。

---

如需在 Google Cloud 控制台中直接遵循有关此任务的分步指导，请点击操作演示：

操作演示

---

准备工作

1. Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.
2. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

3. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

   gcloud init

4. Create or select a Google Cloud project.

   Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

   • Create a Google Cloud project:

     gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

     Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

   • Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

     gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

     Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

5. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

6. Enable the DLP API:

   gcloud services enable dlp.googleapis.com

7. Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/dlp.user

   gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE

   • Replace PROJECT_ID with your project ID.

   • Replace USER_IDENTIFIER with the identifier for your user account. For example, user:[e-mail].

   • Replace ROLE with each individual role.
8. Install the Google Cloud CLI.

9. To initialize the gcloud CLI, run the following command:

   gcloud init

10. Create or select a Google Cloud project.

    Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

    • Create a Google Cloud project:

      gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Google Cloud project you are creating.

    • Select the Google Cloud project that you created:

      gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

      Replace PROJECT_ID with your Google Cloud project name.

11. Make sure that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

12. Enable the DLP API:

    gcloud services enable dlp.googleapis.com

13. Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/dlp.user

    gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE

    • Replace PROJECT_ID with your project ID.

    • Replace USER_IDENTIFIER with the identifier for your user account. For example, user:[e-mail].

    • Replace ROLE with each individual role.

检查字符串是否存在敏感信息

本部分介绍如何配置 DLP API 以使用 projects.content.inspect REST 方法扫描示例文本。

本部分要求您将示例请求保存在 JSON 文件中。如果您使用的是 Cloud Shell，则可以使用 Cloud Shell Editor 创建该文件。如需启动编辑器，请点击 Cloud Shell 窗口工具栏上的 打开编辑器 。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

• PROJECT_ID：您的 Google Cloud 项目 ID。 项目 ID 是字母数字字符串，例如 my-project。

HTTP 方法和网址：

POST https://dlp.googleapis.com/v2/projects/PROJECT_ID/content:inspect

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "item": {
    "value": "My phone number is [phone]."
  },
  "inspectConfig": {
    "infoTypes": [
      {
        "name": "PHONE_NUMBER"
      },
      {
        "name": "US_TOLLFREE_PHONE_NUMBER"
      }
    ],
    "minLikelihood": "POSSIBLE",
    "limits": {
      "maxFindingsPerItem": 0
    },
    "includeQuote": true
  }
}

如需发送您的请求，请展开以下选项之一：

curl（Linux、macOS 或 Cloud Shell）

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

将请求正文保存在名为 inspect-request.json 的文件中，然后执行以下命令：

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "x-goog-user-project: PROJECT_ID" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @inspect-request.json \
     "https://dlp.googleapis.com/v2/projects/PROJECT_ID/content:inspect"

PowerShell (Windows)

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

将请求正文保存在名为 inspect-request.json 的文件中，然后执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred"; "x-goog-user-project" = "PROJECT_ID" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile inspect-request.json `
    -Uri "https://dlp.googleapis.com/v2/projects/PROJECT_ID/content:inspect" | Select-Object -Expand Content

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应：

{
  "result": {
    "findings": [
      {
        "quote": "[phone]",
        "infoType": {
          "name": "US_TOLLFREE_PHONE_NUMBER"
        },
        "likelihood": "LIKELY",
        "location": {
          "byteRange": {
            "start": "19",
            "end": "33"
          },
          "codepointRange": {
            "start": "19",
            "end": "33"
          }
        },
        "createTime": "2022-09-23T01:53:05.303Z",
        "findingId": "2022-09-23T01:53:05.306348Z5328915744504121862"
      }
    ]
  }
}

清理

为避免因本页面中使用的资源导致您的 Google Cloud 账号产生费用，请删除包含这些资源的 Google Cloud 项目。

删除项目

如果您为本快速入门创建了新项目，则最简单的防止产生额外费用的方法是删除该项目。

注意：删除项目会产生以下影响：

• 项目中的所有内容都会被删除。如果您将现有项目用于本文档中的任务，则删除该项目后，还将删除您已在该项目中完成的任何其他工作。
• 自定义项目 ID 丢失。创建此项目时，您可能创建了要在将来使用的自定义项目 ID。要保留使用该项目 ID 的网址（例如 appspot.com 网址），请删除项目内的所选资源，而不是删除整个项目。

如果您打算探索多个架构、教程或快速入门，则重复使用项目可以帮助您避免超出项目配额限制。

Delete a Google Cloud project:

gcloud projects delete PROJECT_ID

撤消您的凭据

Optional: Revoke credentials from the gcloud CLI.

gcloud auth revoke

后续步骤

• 如需开始检查文本和图片是否包含敏感数据，请参阅操作指南。

• 如需更好地了解检查、隐去、infoType 和可能性，请参阅概念。

• 详细了解 DLP API。