本頁面由 Cloud Translation API 翻譯而成。

設定 Dataproc Hub

Dataproc Hub 是自訂的 JupyterHub 伺服器。管理員可設定及建立 Dataproc Hub 執行個體，產生單一使用者 Dataproc 叢集，用於代管 Jupyter 和 JupyterLab 筆記本環境 (請參閱「使用 Dataproc Hub」)。

為多位使用者啟動 Notebooks。您可以建立啟用 Dataproc 的 Vertex AI Workbench 執行個體，或在 VM 上安裝 Dataproc JupyterLab 外掛程式，為多位使用者提供筆記本服務。

目標

定義 Dataproc 叢集設定 (或使用預先定義的設定檔)。
設定 Dataproc Hub 執行個體環境變數。
建立 Dataproc Hub 執行個體。

事前準備

請建立 Google Cloud 專案和 Cloud Storage 值區。

設定專案

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Go to project selector

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Dataproc, Compute Engine, and Cloud Storage APIs.

Enable the APIs

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

如果您使用外部識別資訊提供者 (IdP)，請先使用聯合身分登入 gcloud CLI。

如要初始化 gcloud CLI，請執行下列指令：

gcloud init

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Go to project selector

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Dataproc, Compute Engine, and Cloud Storage APIs.

Enable the APIs

Install the Google Cloud CLI.

如果您使用外部識別資訊提供者 (IdP)，請先使用聯合身分登入 gcloud CLI。

如要初始化 gcloud CLI，請執行下列指令：

gcloud init

在專案中建立 Cloud Storage bucket，以保存本教學課程中使用的資料。
1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Buckets page.
  Go to Buckets
2. Click Create.
3. On the Create a bucket page, enter your bucket information. To go to the next step, click Continue.
  1. In the Get started section, do the following:
    - Enter a globally unique name that meets the bucket naming requirements.
    - To add a bucket label, expand the Labels section (), click Add label, and specify a key and a value for your label.
  2. In the Choose where to store your data section, do the following:
    1. Select a Location type.
    2. Choose a location where your bucket's data is permanently stored from the Location type drop-down menu.
      - If you select the dual-region location type, you can also choose to enable turbo replication by using the relevant checkbox.
    3. To set up cross-bucket replication, select Add cross-bucket replication via Storage Transfer Service and follow these steps:
      Set up cross-bucket replication
      
      In the Bucket menu, select a bucket.
      
      In the Replication settings section, click Configure to configure settings for the replication job.
      
      The Configure cross-bucket replication pane appears.
      
      To filter objects to replicate by object name prefix, enter a prefix that you want to include or exclude objects from, then click Add a prefix.
      
      To set a storage class for the replicated objects, select a storage class from the Storage class menu. If you skip this step, the replicated objects will use the destination bucket's storage class by default.
      
      Click Done.
  3. In the Choose how to store your data section, do the following:
    1. Select a default storage class for the bucket or Autoclass for automatic storage class management of your bucket's data.
    2. To enable hierarchical namespace, in the Optimize storage for data-intensive workloads section, select Enable hierarchical namespace on this bucket.
      Note: You cannot enable hierarchical namespace in existing buckets.
  4. In the Choose how to control access to objects section, select whether or not your bucket enforces public access prevention, and select an access control method for your bucket's objects.
    Note: You cannot change the Prevent public access setting if this setting is enforced at an organization policy.
  5. In the Choose how to protect object data section, do the following:
    - Select any of the options under Data protection that you want to set for your bucket.
      - To enable soft delete, click the Soft delete policy (For data recovery) checkbox, and specify the number of days you want to retain objects after deletion.
      - To set Object Versioning, click the Object versioning (For version control) checkbox, and specify the maximum number of versions per object and the number of days after which the noncurrent versions expire.
      - To enable the retention policy on objects and buckets, click the Retention (For compliance) checkbox, and then do the following:
        
        To enable Object Retention Lock, click the Enable object retention checkbox.
        
        To enable Bucket Lock, click the Set bucket retention policy checkbox, and choose a unit of time and a length of time for your retention period.
    - To choose how your object data will be encrypted, expand the Data encryption section (), and select a Data encryption method.
4. Click Create.

定義叢集設定

Dataproc Hub 執行個體會根據 YAML 叢集設定檔中的設定值建立叢集。

叢集設定可指定 Dataproc 叢集可用的任何功能或元件 (例如機型、初始化動作和選用元件)。叢集映像檔版本必須為 1.4.13 以上。如果嘗試使用低於 1.4.13 的映像檔版本產生叢集，系統會發生錯誤並失敗。

叢集設定檔的 YAML 範例

clusterName: cluster-name
config:
  softwareConfig:
    imageVersion: 2.2-ubuntu22
    optionalComponents:
    - JUPYTER

每項設定都必須儲存在 Cloud Storage。您可以建立及儲存多個設定檔，讓使用者在使用 Dataproc Hub 建立 Dataproc 叢集筆記本環境時，可以選擇要使用的設定檔。

建立 YAML 叢集設定檔的方式有兩種：

從控制台建立 YAML 叢集設定檔
從現有叢集匯出 YAML 叢集設定檔

從控制台建立 YAML 叢集設定檔

在 Google Cloud 控制台中開啟「建立叢集」頁面，然後選取並填寫欄位，指定 Dataproc Hub 為使用者產生的叢集類型。
使用者叢集產生時，系統會覆寫區域和可用區設定：產生的叢集區域會是 Dataproc Hub 所在的區域，使用者則會選取這個區域內的可用區。
1. 在左側面板底部，選取「Equivalent REST」。
2. 複製產生的 JSON 區塊 (不含開頭的 POST 要求行)，然後將 JSON 區塊貼到線上 JSON 轉 YAML 轉換器 (在線上搜尋「Convert JSON to YAML」)。
  部分 JSON 轉 YAML 轉換器會產生包含「---」的第一行。YAML 檔案中是否要包含這行內容，則視情況而定。
3. 將轉換後的 YAML 複製到本機 cluster-config-filename.yaml 檔案。

從現有叢集匯出 YAML 叢集設定檔

建立符合需求的叢集。

將叢集設定匯出至本機 cluster-config-filename.yaml 檔案。

gcloud dataproc clusters export cluster-name \
    --destination cluster-config-filename.yaml  \
    --region region

將 YAML 設定檔儲存在 Cloud Storage 中

將本機 YAML 叢集設定檔複製到 Cloud Storage 值區。

gcloud storage cp cluster-config-filename.yaml gs://bucket-name/