啟用預設的 GPU 執行階段

啟用預設的 GPU 執行階段

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本文說明如何為專案中的 Colab Enterprise 使用者啟用預設 GPU 執行階段。啟用含 GPU 的預設執行階段後，使用者只要按一下筆記本中的按鈕，即可從一般預設執行階段切換至含 GPU 的預設執行階段。

本文適用於 Colab Enterprise 管理員，他們想為機構中的其他使用者啟用搭載 GPU 的預設執行階段。並假設您瞭解下列事項：

• 如何管理 Colab Enterprise 執行階段和執行階段範本。
• 如何使用 Identity and Access Management (IAM) 控管存取權。

總覽

如要讓使用者切換至預設的 GPU 執行階段，管理員 (roles/aiplatform.colabEnterpriseAdmin) 或具備 aiplatform.notebookRuntimeTemplates.create 權限的使用者帳戶必須先建立預設的 GPU 執行階段。

首次建立預設 GPU 執行階段時，Colab Enterprise 會建立新的預設執行階段範本，並在規格中加入 GPU。原始預設執行階段不會受到影響，且會存在直到過期或刪除為止。建立新的預設 GPU 執行階段範本後，只要使用者對專案具有 aiplatform.notebookRuntimes.assign 權限，且對執行階段範本具有 aiplatform.notebookRuntimeTemplates.apply 權限，就能建立及使用預設 GPU 執行階段。Colab Enterprise 使用者 (roles/aiplatform.colabEnterpriseUser) 角色已具備這些權限。

規格

含有 GPU 的預設執行階段規格與原始預設執行階段不同。可用的機器類型、GPU 和資料磁碟類型會因區域而異，因此部分規格可能與原始預設執行階段不同。

下表說明預設 GPU 執行階段的規格，具體取決於預設執行階段的區域。

地區說明	預設執行階段規格
支援 L4 GPU 的地區	機器類型：g2-standard-4 加速器：1 個 NVIDIA_L4 加速器 資料磁碟：100 GB pd-balanced
不支援 L4 GPU 但支援 T4 GPU 的地區	機器類型：n1-standard-4 加速器：1 個 NVIDIA_TESLA_T4 加速器 資料磁碟：100 GB pd-standard
不支援 L4 或 T4 GPU 的地區	系統不支援預設的 GPU 執行階段。

加速器適用情形

Colab Enterprise 支援下列加速器類型的預設執行階段：

• L4
• T4

如要瞭解這些加速器在各區域的供應情形，請參閱「使用加速器」。

事前準備

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

Go to project selector

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Vertex AI, Dataform, and Compute Engine APIs.

Enable the APIs

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.

Go to project selector

Verify that billing is enabled for your Google Cloud project.

Enable the Vertex AI, Dataform, and Compute Engine APIs.

Enable the APIs

必要的角色

為確保您的使用者帳戶具備必要權限，能在 Colab Enterprise 中啟用搭載 GPU 的預設執行階段，請要求管理員將 Colab Enterprise 管理員 (roles/aiplatform.colabEnterpriseAdmin) IAM role on the project.

Important: You must grant this role to your user account, not to your user account. Failure to grant the role to the correct principal might result in permission errors.
For more information about granting roles, see Manage access to projects, folders, and organizations.

Your administrator might also be able to give your user account the required permissions through custom roles or other predefined roles.

One or more of the required roles includes the dataform.repositories.list permission. Users who are granted the dataform.repositories.list permission or the Code Creator (roles/dataform.codeCreator) role in a project can list the names of code assets in that project by using the Dataform API or the Dataform command-line interface (CLI). Non-administrators using BigQuery Studio can only see code assets that they created or that were shared with them.

Enable GPUs for default runtimes

To enable GPUs for default runtimes, do the following:

1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Colab Enterprise My notebooks page.

   Go to My notebooks

2. In the Region menu, select the region that contains your notebook.

3. Click the notebook that you want to open. If you haven't created a notebook yet, create a notebook.

4. In your notebook, click Connect.
   

5. After Colab Enterprise connects to the default runtime, in the top right corner of your notebook, click the button to switch to a default runtime with GPUs. For example, if your notebook is in a region that supports L4 accelerators, click Switch to L4.
   

Colab Enterprise creates a new default runtime that has GPUs, and then connects to the runtime. The ability to switch to a default runtime with GPUs is enabled for other users in the project.

Turn off GPUs for default runtimes

To turn off the ability to switch to a default runtime with GPUs, you must delete the runtime template named Default with GPU. See Delete a runtime template.

Limitations

• Default runtimes with GPUs are only available in regions that support specific accelerator availability. See Accelerator availability.

• You must first connect a notebook to a default runtime to be able to switch to a default runtime with GPUs.

What's next

• To manage your runtime, see Manage runtimes.
• Learn more about runtimes and runtime templates.