Known issues

This document describes known issues for version 1.7 of Google Distributed Cloud.

User cluster upgrade fails due to 'failed to register to GCP'

Category

Upgrade

Identified Versions

1.7.0+, 1.8.0+

Symptoms

When upgrading user clusters to 1.7 versions, the command gkectl upgrade cluster fails with error messages similar to

$ gkectl upgrade cluster --kubeconfig kubeconfig --config user-cluster.yaml
…
Upgrading to bundle version: "1.7.1-gke.4"
…
Exit with error:

failed to register to GCP, gcloud output: , error: error running command 'gcloud alpha container hub memberships register foo-cluster --kubeconfig kubeconfig --context cluster --version 20210129-01-00  --enable-workload-identity --has-private-issuer --verbosity=error --quiet': error: exit status 1, stderr: 'Waiting for membership to be created...

The errors indicate that the user cluster upgrade is mostly completed except that the Connect Agent has not been upgraded. However, the functionality of GKE connect should not be affected.

Cause

The Connect Agent version 20210129-01-00 used in 1.7 versions is out of support.

Workaround

Please contact Google support to mitigate the issue.

systemd-timesyncd not running after reboot on Ubuntu Node

Category

OS

Identified Versions

1.7.1-1.7.5, 1.8.0-1.8.4, 1.9.0+

Symptoms

systemctl status systemd-timesyncd should show that the service is dead:

● systemd-timesyncd.service - Network Time Synchronization
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timesyncd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: inactive (dead)

This could cause time out of sync issues.

Cause

chrony was incorrectly installed on Ubuntu OS image, and there's conflict between chrony and systemd-timesyncd, where systemd-timesyncd would become inactive and chrony become active everytime Ubuntu VM got rebooted. However, systemd-timesyncd should be the default ntp client for the VM.

Workaround

Option 1: Manually run restart systemd-timesyncd every time when VM got rebooted.

Option 2: Deploy the following Daemonset so that systemd-timesyncd will always be restarted if it's dead.

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: ensure-systemd-timesyncd
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      name: ensure-systemd-timesyncd
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: ensure-systemd-timesyncd
    spec:
      hostIPC: true
      hostPID: true
      containers:
      - name: ensure-systemd-timesyncd
        # Use your preferred image.
        image: ubuntu
        command:
        - /bin/bash
        - -c
        - |
          while true; do
            echo $(date -u)
            echo "Checking systemd-timesyncd status..."
            chroot /host systemctl status systemd-timesyncd
            if (( $? != 0 )) ; then
              echo "Restarting systemd-timesyncd..."
              chroot /host systemctl start systemd-timesyncd
            else
              echo "systemd-timesyncd is running."
            fi;
            sleep 60
          done
        volumeMounts:
        - name: host
          mountPath: /host
        resources:
          requests:
            memory: "10Mi"
            cpu: "10m"
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
      volumes:
      - name: host
        hostPath:
          path: /
````

## ClientConfig custom resource

`gkectl update` reverts any manual changes that you have made to the ClientConfig
custom resource. We strongly recommend that you back up the ClientConfig
resource after every manual change.

## `kubectl describe CSINode` and `gkectl diagnose snapshot`

`kubectl describe CSINode` and `gkectl diagnose snapshot` sometimes fail due to
the
[OSS Kubernetes issue](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubectl/issues/848){:.external} 
on dereferencing nil pointer fields.

## OIDC and the CA certificate

The OIDC provider doesn't use the common CA by default. You must explicitly
supply the CA certificate.

Upgrading the admin cluster from 1.5 to 1.6.0 breaks 1.5 user clusters that use
an OIDC provider and have no value for `authentication.oidc.capath` in the
[user cluster configuration file](/anthos/clusters/docs/on-prem/1.7/how-to/user-cluster-configuration-file).

To work around this issue, run the following script:

<section><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy">
USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG=<var class="edit">YOUR_USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG</var>

IDENTITY_PROVIDER=<var class="edit">YOUR_OIDC_PROVIDER_ADDRESS</var>

openssl s_client -showcerts -verify 5 -connect $IDENTITY_PROVIDER:443 < /dev/null | awk '/BEGIN CERTIFICATE/,/END CERTIFICATE/{ if(/BEGIN CERTIFICATE/){i++}; out="tmpcert"i".pem"; print >out}'

ROOT_CA_ISSUED_CERT=$(ls tmpcert*.pem | tail -1)

ROOT_CA_CERT="/etc/ssl/certs/$(openssl x509 -in $ROOT_CA_ISSUED_CERT -noout -issuer_hash).0"

cat tmpcert*.pem $ROOT_CA_CERT > certchain.pem CERT=$(echo $(base64 certchain.pem) | sed 's\ \\g') rm tmpcert1.pem tmpcert2.pem

kubectl --kubeconfig $USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG patch clientconfig default -n kube-public --type json -p "[{ \"op\": \"replace\", \"path\": \"/spec/authentication/0/oidc/certificateAuthorityData\", \"value\":\"${CERT}\"}]"
</pre></section>

Replace the following:

* <var>YOUR_OIDC_IDENTITY_PROVICER</var>: The address of your OIDC provider:

* <var>YOUR_YOUR_USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG</var>: The path of your user cluster
  kubeconfig file.

## gkectl check-config</code> validation fails: can't find F5 BIG-IP partitions

<dl>
<dt>Symptoms</dt>
<dd><p>Validation fails because F5 BIG-IP partitions can't be found, even though they exist.</p></dd>
<dt>Potential causes</dt>
<dd><p>An issue with the F5 BIG-IP API can cause validation to fail.</p></dd>
<dt>Resolution</dt>
<dd><p>Try running <code>gkectl check-config</code> again.</p></dd>
</dl>

## Disruption for workloads with PodDisruptionBudgets {:#workloads_pdbs_disruption}

Upgrading clusters can cause disruption or downtime for workloads that use
[PodDisruptionBudgets](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/pods/disruptions/){:.external} 
(PDBs).

## Nodes fail to complete their upgrade process

If you have `PodDisruptionBudget` objects configured that are unable to
allow any additional disruptions, node upgrades might fail to upgrade to the
control plane version after repeated attempts. To prevent this failure, we
recommend that you scale up the `Deployment` or `HorizontalPodAutoscaler` to
allow the node to drain while still respecting the `PodDisruptionBudget`
configuration.

To see all `PodDisruptionBudget` objects that do not allow any disruptions:

kubectl get poddisruptionbudget --all-namespaces -o jsonpath='{range .items[?(@.status.disruptionsAllowed==0)]}{.metadata.name}/{.metadata.namespace}{"\n"}{end}' ```

Log Forwarder makes an excessive number of OAuth 2.0 requests

Note: This issue has been fixed in Google Distributed Cloud, version 1.7.2.

With Google Distributed Cloud, version 1.7.1, you might experience issues with Log Forwarder consuming memory by making excessive OAuth 2.0 requests. Here is a workaround, in which you downgrade the stackdriver-operator version, clean up the disk, and restart Log Forwarder.

Step 0: Download images to your private registry if appropriate

If you use a private registry, follow these steps to download these images to your private registry before proceeding. Omit this step if you do not use a private registry.

Replace PRIVATE_REGISTRY_HOST with the hostname or IP address of your private Docker registry.

stackdriver-operator

docker pull gcr.io/gke-on-prem-release/stackdriver-operator:v0.0.440

docker tag gcr.io/gke-on-prem-release/stackdriver-operator:v0.0.440 \
    PRIVATE_REGISTRY_HOST/stackdriver-operator:v0.0.440

docker push PRIVATE_REGISTRY_HOST/stackdriver-operator:v0.0.440

fluent-bit

docker pull gcr.io/gke-on-prem-release/fluent-bit:v1.6.10-gke.3

docker tag gcr.io/gke-on-prem-release/fluent-bit:v1.6.10-gke.3 \
    PRIVATE_REGISTRY_HOST/fluent-bit:v1.6.10-gke.3

docker push PRIVATE_REGISTRY_HOST/fluent-bit:v1.6.10-gke.3

prometheus

docker pull gcr.io/gke-on-prem-release/prometheus:2.18.1-gke.0

docker tag gcr.io/gke-on-prem-release/prometheus:2.18.1-gke.0 \
    PRIVATE_REGISTRY_HOST/prometheus:2.18.1-gke.0

docker push PRIVATE_REGISTRY_HOST/prometheus:2.18.1-gke.0

Step 1: Downgrade the stackdriver-operator version

• Run the following command to downgrade your version of stackdriver-operator.

kubectl  --kubeconfig [CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG] -n kube-system patch deployment stackdriver-operator -p \
  '{"spec":{"template":{"spec":{"containers":[{"name":"stackdriver-operator","image":"gcr.io/gke-on-prem-release/stackdriver-operator:v0.0.440"}]}}}}'

Step 2: Clean up the disk buffer for Log Forwarder

• Deploy the DaemonSet in the cluster to clean up the buffer.

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluent-bit-cleanup
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: fluent-bit-cleanup
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: fluent-bit-cleanup
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: fluent-bit-cleanup
        image: debian:10-slim
        command: ["bash", "-c"]
        args:
        - |
          rm -rf /var/log/fluent-bit-buffers/
          echo "Fluent Bit local buffer is cleaned up."
          sleep 3600
        volumeMounts:
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
        securityContext:
          privileged: true
      tolerations:
      - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
        operator: "Exists"
      - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
        effect: NoSchedule
      - key: node-role.gke.io/observability
        effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log

• Verify the disk buffer is cleaned up.

kubectl --kubeconfig [CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG] logs -n kube-system -l app=fluent-bit-cleanup | grep "cleaned up" | wc -l

The output shows the number of nodes in the cluster.

kubectl --kubeconfig [CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG] -n kube-system get pods -l app=fluent-bit-cleanup --no-headers | wc -l

The output shows the number of nodes in the cluster.

• Delete the cleanup DaemonSet.

kubectl --kubeconfig [CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG] -n kube-system delete ds fluent-bit-cleanup

Step 3: Restart Log Forwarder

kubectl --kubeconfig [CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG] -n kube-system rollout restart ds/stackdriver-log-forwarder

Logs and metrics are not sent to project specified by stackdriver.projectID

In Google Distributed Cloud 1.7, logs are sent to the parent project of the service account specified in the stackdriver.serviceAccountKeyPath field of your cluster configuration file. The value of stackdriver.projectID is ignored. This issue will be fixed in an upcoming release.

As a workaround, view logs in the parent project of your logging-monitoring service account.

Renewal of certificates might be required before an admin cluster upgrade

Before you begin the admin cluster upgrade process, you should make sure that your admin cluster certificates are currently valid, and renew these certificates if they are not.

Note: If you have begun the upgrade process and discovered an error with certificate expiry, contact Google Support for assistance.

Note: This guidance is strictly for admin cluster certificates renewal.

Admin cluster certificate renewal process

1. Make sure that OpenSSL is installed on the admin workstation before you begin.

2. Get the IP address and SSH keys for the admin master node:

   kubectl --kubeconfig [ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG] get secrets -n kube-system sshkeys \
   -o jsonpath='{.data.vsphere_tmp}' | base64 -d > \
   ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key && chmod 600 ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key
   
   export MASTER_NODE_IP=$(kubectl --kubeconfig [ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG] get nodes -o \
   jsonpath='{.items[*].status.addresses[?(@.type=="ExternalIP")].address}' \
   --selector='node-role.kubernetes.io/master')
   

3. Check if the certificates are expired:

   ssh -i ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key ubuntu@"${MASTER_NODE_IP}" \
   "sudo kubeadm alpha certs check-expiration"
   

   If the certificates are expired, you must renew them before upgrading the admin cluster.

4. Because the admin cluster kubeconfig file also expires if the admin certificates expire, you should back up this file before expiration.

   • Back up the admin cluster kubeconfig file:

     ssh -i ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key ubuntu@"${MASTER_NODE_IP}" 
     
     "sudo cat /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" > new_admin.conf
     vi [ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG]
     

   • Replace client-certificate-data and client-key-data in kubeconfig with client-certificate-data and client-key-data in the new_admin.conf file that you created.

5. Back up old certificates:

   This is an optional, but recommended, step.

   # ssh into admin master if you didn't in the previous step
   ssh -i ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key ubuntu@"${MASTER_NODE_IP}"
   
   # on admin master
   sudo tar -czvf backup.tar.gz /etc/kubernetes
   logout
   
   # on worker node
   sudo scp -i ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key \
   ubuntu@"${MASTER_NODE_IP}":/home/ubuntu/backup.tar.gz .
   

6. Renew the certificates with kubeadm:

    # ssh into admin master
    ssh -i ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key ubuntu@"${MASTER_NODE_IP}"
    # on admin master
    sudo kubeadm alpha certs renew all
    

7. Restart static Pods running on the admin master node:

     # on admin master
     cd /etc/kubernetes
     sudo mkdir tempdir
     sudo mv manifests/*.yaml tempdir/
     sleep 5
     echo "remove pods"
     # ensure kubelet detect those change remove those pods
     # wait until the result of this command is empty
     sudo docker ps | grep kube-apiserver
   
     # ensure kubelet start those pods again
     echo "start pods again"
     sudo mv tempdir/*.yaml manifests/
     sleep 30
     # ensure kubelet start those pods again
     # should show some results
     sudo docker ps | grep -e kube-apiserver -e kube-controller-manager -e kube-scheduler -e etcd
   
     # clean up
     sudo rm -rf tempdir
   
     logout
    

8. Renew the certificates of admin cluster worker nodes

   Check node certificates expiration date

       kubectl get nodes -o wide
       # find the oldest node, fill NODE_IP with the internal ip of that node
       ssh -i ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key ubuntu@"${NODE_IP}"
       openssl x509 -enddate -noout -in /var/lib/kubelet/pki/kubelet-client-current.pem
       logout
      

   If the certificate is about to expire, renew node certificates by manual node repair.

9. You must validate the renewed certificates, and validate the certificate of kube-apiserver.

   • Check certificates expiration:

     ssh -i ~/.ssh/admin-cluster.key ubuntu@"${MASTER_NODE_IP}" 
     
     "sudo kubeadm alpha certs check-expiration"
     

   • Check certificate of kube-apiserver:

     # Get the IP address of kube-apiserver
     cat [ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG] | grep server
     # Get the current kube-apiserver certificate
     openssl s_client -showcerts -connect : 
     
     | sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p'  
     
     > current-kube-apiserver.crt
     # check expiration date of this cert
     openssl x509 -in current-kube-apiserver.crt -noout -enddate
     

/etc/cron.daily/aide script uses up all space in /run, causing a crashloop in Pods

Starting from Google Distributed Cloud 1.7.2, the Ubuntu OS images are hardened with CIS L1 Server Benchmark. . As a result, the cron script /etc/cron.daily/aide has been installed so that an aide check is scheduled to ensure the CIS L1 Server rule "1.4.2 Ensure filesystem integrity is regularly checked".

The script uses /run/aide as a temporary directory to save its cron logs, and over time it could use up all the space in /run. See /etc/cron.daily/aide script uses all space in /run for a workaround.

If you see one or more Pods crashlooping on a node, run df -h /run on the node. If the command output shows 100% space usage, then you are likely experiencing this issue.

We anticipate a fix in a future release. Meanwhile, you can resolve this issue with either of the following two workarounds:

1. Periodically remove the log files at /run/aide/cron.daily.old* (recommended).
2. Follow the steps mentioned in the above external link. (Note: this workaround could potentially affect the node compliance state).

Using Google Distributed Cloud with Anthos Service Mesh version 1.7 or later

If you use Google Distributed Cloud with Anthos Service Mesh version 1.7 or later, and you want to upgrade to Google Distributed Cloud version 1.6.0-1.6.3 or Google Distributed Cloud version 1.7.0-1.7.2, you must remove the bundle.gke.io/component-name and bundle.gke.io/component-version labels from the following Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs):

• destinationrules.networking.istio.io
• envoyfilters.networking.istio.io
• serviceentries.networking.istio.io
• virtualservices.networking.istio.io

1. Run this command to update the CRD destinationrules.networking.istio.io in your user cluster:

   kubectl edit crd destinationrules.networking.istio.io --kubeconfig USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG

2. Remove the bundle.gke.io/component-version and bundle.gke.io/component-name labels from the CRD.

Alternatively, you can wait for the 1.6.4 and 1.7.3 release, and then upgrade to 1.6.4 or 1.7.3 directly.

Cannot log in to admin workstation due to password expiry issue

You might experience this issue if you are using one of the following versions of Google Distributed Cloud.

• 1.7.2-gke.2
• 1.7.3-gke.2
• 1.8.0-gke.21
• 1.8.0-gke.24
• 1.8.0-gke.25
• 1.8.1-gke.7
• 1.8.2-gke.8

You might get the following error when you attempt to SSH into your Anthos VMs, including the admin workstation, cluster nodes, and Seesaw nodes:

WARNING: Your password has expired.

This error occurs because the ubuntu user password on the VMs has expired. You must manually reset the user password's expiration time to a large value before logging into the VMs.

Note: The prevention and mitigation recommended here break the CIS benchmark rule 5.4.1.1, "Ensure password expiration is 365 days or less," on the node.

Prevention of password expiry error

If you are running the affected versions listed above, and the user password hasn't expired yet, you should extend the expiration time before seeing the SSH error.

Run the following command on each Anthos VM:

sudo chage -M 99999 ubuntu

Mitigation of password expiry error

If the user password has already expired and you can't log in to the VMs to extend the expiration time, perform the following mitigation steps for each component.

Admin workstation

Use a temporary VM to perform the following steps. You can create an admin workstation using the 1.7.1-gke.4 version to use as the temporary VM.

1. Ensure the temporary VM and the admin workstation are in a power off state.

2. Attach the boot disk of the admin workstation to the temporary VM. The boot disk is the one with the label "Hard disk 1".

3. Mount the boot disk inside the VM by running these commands. Substitute your own boot disk identifier for dev/sdc1.

   sudo mkdir -p /mnt/boot-disk
   sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/boot-disk
   

4. Set the ubuntu user expiration date to a large value such as 99999 days.

   sudo chroot /mnt/boot-disk chage -M 99999 ubuntu
   

5. Shut down the temporary VM.

6. Power on the admin workstation. You should now be able to SSH as usual.

7. As cleanup, delete the temporary VM.

Admin cluster control plane VM

Follow the instructions to recreate the admin cluster control plane VM.

Admin cluster addon VMs

Run the following command from the admin workstation to recreate the VM:

  kubectl --kubeconfig=ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG patch machinedeployment gke-admin-node --type=json -p="[{'op': 'add', 'path': '/spec/template/spec/metadata/annotations', 'value': {"kubectl.kubernetes.io/restartedAt": "version1"}}]"
  

After you run this command, wait for the admin cluster addon VMs to finish recreation and to be ready before you continue with the next steps.

User cluster control plane VMs

Run the following command from the admin workstation to recreate the VMs:

usermaster=`kubectl --kubeconfig=ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG get machinedeployments -l set=user-master -o name` && kubectl --kubeconfig=ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG patch $usermaster --type=json -p="[{'op': 'add', 'path': '/spec/template/spec/metadata/annotations', 'value': {"kubectl.kubernetes.io/restartedAt": "version1"}}]"

After you run this command, wait for the user cluster control plane VMs to finish recreation and to be ready before you continue with the next steps.

User cluster worker VMs

Run the following command from the admin workstation to recreate the VMs.

for md in `kubectl --kubeconfig=USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG get machinedeployments -l set=node -o name`; do kubectl patch --kubeconfig=USER_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG $md --type=json -p="[{'op': 'add', 'path': '/spec/template/spec/metadata/annotations', 'value': {"kubectl.kubernetes.io/restartedAt": "version1"}}]"; done

Seesaw VMs

Run the following commands from the admin workstation to recreate the Seesaw VMs. There will be some downtime. If HA is enabled for the load balancer, the maximum down time is two seconds.

gkectl upgrade loadbalancer --kubeconfig ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG --config ADMIN_CLUSTER_CONFIG --admin-cluster --no-diff
gkectl upgrade loadbalancer --kubeconfig ADMIN_CLUSTER_KUBECONFIG --config USER_CLUSTER_CONFIG --no-diff

Restarting or upgrading vCenter for versions lower than 7.0U2

If the vCenter, for versions lower than 7.0U2, is restarted, after an upgrade or otherwise, the network name in vm information from vCenter is incorrect, and results in the machine being in an Unavailable state. This eventually leads to the nodes being auto-repaired to create new ones.

Related govmomi bug: https://github.com/vmware/govmomi/issues/2552

This workaround is provided by VMware support:

1. The issue is fixed in vCenter versions 7.0U2 and above.

2. For lower versions:
Right-click the host, and then select Connection > Disconnect. Next, reconnect, which forces an update of the 
VM's portgroup.

SSH connection closed by remote host

For Google Distributed Cloud version 1.7.2 and above, the Ubuntu OS images are hardened with CIS L1 Server Benchmark. To meet the CIS rule "5.2.16 Ensure SSH Idle Timeout Interval is configured", /etc/ssh/sshd_config has the following settings:

ClientAliveInterval 300
ClientAliveCountMax 0

The purpose of these settings is to terminate a client session after 5 minutes of idle time. However, the ClientAliveCountMax 0 value causes unexpected behavior. When you use the ssh session on the admin workstation, or a cluster node, the SSH connection might be disconnected even your ssh client is not idle, such as when running a time-consuming command, and your command could get terminated with the following message:

Connection to [IP] closed by remote host.
Connection to [IP] closed.

As a workaround, you can either:

• Use nohup to prevent your command being terminated on SSH disconnection,

  nohup gkectl upgrade admin --config admin-cluster.yaml --kubeconfig kubeconfig
  

• Update the sshd_config to use a non-zero ClientAliveCountMax value. The CIS rule recommends to use a value less than 3.

  sudo sed -i 's/ClientAliveCountMax 0/ClientAliveCountMax 1/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
  sudo systemctl restart sshd
  

  Make sure you reconnect your ssh session.

False positives in docker, containerd, and runc vulnerability scanning

The docker, containerd, and runc in the Ubuntu OS images shipped with Google Distributed Cloud are pinned to special versions using Ubuntu PPA. This ensures that any container runtime changes will be qualified by Google Distributed Cloud before each release.

However, the special versions are unknown to the Ubuntu CVE Tracker, which is used as the vulnerability feeds by various CVE scanning tools. Therefore, you will see false positives in docker, containerd, and runc vulnerability scanning results.

For example, you might see the following false positives from your CVE scanning results. These CVEs are already fixed in the latest patch versions of Google Distributed Cloud.

• CVE-2019-16884
• CVE-2019-19921
• CVE-2020-15157
• CVE-2020-15257

Refer to the release notes for any CVE fixes.

Canonical is aware of this issue, and the fix is tracked at https://github.com/canonical/sec-cvescan/issues/73.

/etc/cron.daily/aide CPU and memory spike issue

Starting from Google Distributed Cloud version 1.7.2, the Ubuntu OS images are hardened with CIS L1 Server Benchmark.

As a result, the cron script /etc/cron.daily/aide has been installed so that an aide check is scheduled so as to ensure that the CIS L1 Server rule "1.4.2 Ensure filesystem integrity is regularly checked" is followed.

The cron job runs daily at 6:25 AM UTC. Depending on the number of files on the filesystem, you may experience CPU and memory usage spikes around that time that are caused by this aide process.

If the spikes are affecting your workload, you can disable the daily cron job:

`sudo chmod -x /etc/cron.daily/aide`.