本页介绍了如何通过应用自定义容忍和标签来自定义 GKE 关联集群中 Google 拥有的系统组件。自定义这些组件后,您可以更精确地管理这些组件在环境中的运行位置和方式。
概览
将集群关联到 Google Cloud时,默认情况下,Google 拥有的系统组件不包含可自定义的字段,例如容忍。因此,您可能会遇到一些问题,例如 Pod 无法在可用节点上调度,导致整个集群的连接和功能受到影响。此外,您可能还需要控制组件在特定节点上的放置和管理,包括能够出于组织和运营目的应用自定义标签。
自定义系统组件可以解决这些问题,让您更好、更灵活地控制这些组件在集群中的运行方式。您可以对 Google 拥有的系统组件应用自定义容忍和标签:
[[["易于理解","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["解决了我的问题","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["其他","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["很难理解","hardToUnderstand","thumb-down"],["信息或示例代码不正确","incorrectInformationOrSampleCode","thumb-down"],["没有我需要的信息/示例","missingTheInformationSamplesINeed","thumb-down"],["翻译问题","translationIssue","thumb-down"],["其他","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["最后更新时间 (UTC):2025-09-03。"],[],[],null,["# Customize system components on EKS clusters\n\n| **Preview**\n|\n|\n| This feature is subject to the \"Pre-GA Offerings Terms\" in the General Service Terms section\n| of the [Service Specific Terms](/terms/service-terms#1).\n|\n| Pre-GA features are available \"as is\" and might have limited support.\n|\n| For more information, see the\n| [launch stage descriptions](/products#product-launch-stages).\n\nThis page describes how to customize Google-owned system components in your\nGKE attached clusters by applying custom tolerations and labels. When you\ncustomize these components, you have more precise management of where and how\nthese components operate within your environment.\n\nOverview\n--------\n\nWhen you attach a cluster to Google Cloud, by default, Google-owned system\ncomponents don't include customizable fields such as tolerations. As a result,\nyou might experience issues such as Pods failing to schedule on available nodes, which\nimpact overall cluster attachment and functionality. Additionally, you might require\ncontrol over placing and managing components on specific nodes that include the\nability to apply custom labels for organizational and operational purposes.\n\nCustomizing system components resolves these issues and lets you have more\ncontrol and flexibility over how these components operate in your cluster. You\ncan apply custom *tolerations* and *labels* to Google-owned system components:\n\n- **Tolerations** provide the ability for Google's components to schedule onto\n nodes that have specific Kubernetes taints, which lets you enforce workload\n separation or use specialized node pools. Custom tolerations directly resolve\n issues where unmodifiable taints prevent proper component placement.\n\n- **Labels** offer a flexible way for you to categorize and identify Google's\n system components according to your own operational standards. Custom labels\n enable better integration with your existing monitoring, logging, and policy\n enforcement tools.\n\nRestrictions and limitations\n----------------------------\n\nThe following restrictions and limitations apply:\n\n- You can only add custom tolerations and labels when you [register your cluster](/kubernetes-engine/multi-cloud/docs/attached/eks/how-to/attach-cluster#attach_your_aks_cluster).\n- You can add up to 10 custom tolerations and 10 custom labels to your cluster.\n- You *can't* use the following labels:\n\n - `name`\n - `component`\n - `app`\n - Any label which includes `k8s.io` or `kubernetes.io` since they belong to reserved labels in Kubernetes\n - Any label which includes `google`\n - Any label which includes `gke.io`\n\nAdd custom tolerations\n----------------------\n\nGoogle-owned system component Pods always include the following toleration: \n\n - key: components.gke.io/gke-managed-components\n operator: Exists\n\nTo specify custom tolerations, add the `--system-component-tolerations` flag to the\n[`gcloud container attached clusters register`](/sdk/gcloud/reference/container/attached/clusters/register) command: \n\n gcloud container attached clusters register \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCLUSTER_NAME\u003c/var\u003e \\\n --location=\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_REGION\u003c/var\u003e \\\n ...\n --system-component-tolerations=\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCOMPONENT_TOLERATION\u003c/var\u003e \\\\\n\nReplace the following:\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCLUSTER_NAME\u003c/var\u003e: the name of your cluster.\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_REGION\u003c/var\u003e: the Google Cloud region to administer your cluster from.\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCOMPONENT_TOLERATION\u003c/var\u003e: the comma-separated list of the\n tolerations that you want to add. You can provide a key, value, operator, and\n effect in the following formats:\n\n - **For the `Equal` operator** : use the format `key=value:operator:effect`, for example, `workload=hpc:Equal:NoSchedule`. This setting means that the Pod tolerates a taint only if the taint has the exact key and value of `workload=hpc`.\n - **For the `Exists` operator** : use the format `key:operator:effect`, for example, `workload:Exists:NoSchedule`. This setting means that the Pod tolerates any taint with the `workload` key on the node, regardless of the value.\n - **For scheduling on any node** : use the format `:operator:effect`, for example, `:Exists:NoSchedule`. This setting means that the Pod tolerates any taint on the node that has the effect `NoSchedule`, and ignores the key or value of the taint.\n\n For a list of operators and effects that you\n can use, see [Taints and Tolerations](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/taint-and-toleration/)\n in the Kubernetes documentation.\n\nAdd custom labels\n-----------------\n\nTo specify custom labels, add the `--system-component-labels` flag to the\n`gcloud container attached clusters register` command: \n\n gcloud container attached clusters register \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCLUSTER_NAME\u003c/var\u003e \\\n --location=\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_REGION\u003c/var\u003e \\\n ...\n --system-component-labels=\u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCOMPONENT_LABEL\u003c/var\u003e \\\\\n\nReplace the following:\n\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCLUSTER_NAME\u003c/var\u003e: the name of your cluster.\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eGOOGLE_CLOUD_REGION\u003c/var\u003e: the Google Cloud region to administer your cluster from.\n- \u003cvar translate=\"no\"\u003eCOMPONENT_LABEL\u003c/var\u003e: the comma-separated list of one or more labels that you want to add. You provide a label and value in the format of `key=value`. For example, `env=production,region=us-east-1`. Although every label must have a key, the value associated with that key can be empty. For example, `backend=\"\"`.\n\nWhat's next\n-----------\n\n- Learn more about [Taints and Tolerations](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/scheduling-eviction/taint-and-toleration/) in the Kubernetes documentation.\n- Learn how to [attach your EKS cluster](/kubernetes-engine/multi-cloud/docs/attached/eks/how-to/attach-cluster)."]]