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获取文本嵌入

本文档介绍如何使用 Vertex AI 文本嵌入 API 创建文本嵌入。

Vertex AI 文本嵌入 API 使用密集向量表示法：例如，text-embedding-gecko 使用 768 维向量。密集向量嵌入模型使用与大语言模型所用方法类似的深度学习方法。与倾向于将字词直接映射到数字的稀疏向量不同，密集向量旨在更好地表示一段文本的含义。在生成式 AI 中使用密集向量嵌入的优势在于，您可以更好地搜索与查询含义相符的段落，而不是搜索直接的字词或语法匹配项，即使段落不使用相同的语言也是如此。

向量已归一化，因此您可以使用余弦相似度、点积或欧几里得距离来提供相同的相似度排名。

如需详细了解嵌入，请参阅嵌入 API 概览。
如需了解文本嵌入模型，请参阅文本嵌入。
如需了解每个嵌入模型支持哪些语言，请参阅支持的文本语言。

准备工作

Sign in to your Google Cloud account. If you're new to Google Cloud, create an account to evaluate how our products perform in real-world scenarios. New customers also get $300 in free credits to run, test, and deploy workloads.

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Go to project selector

Enable the Vertex AI API.

Enable the API

In the Google Cloud console, on the project selector page, select or create a Google Cloud project.

Go to project selector

Enable the Vertex AI API.

Enable the API

为嵌入作业选择任务类型。

支持的模型

您可以使用以下模型获取文本嵌入：

英语模型	多语言模型
`textembedding-gecko@001`	`textembedding-gecko-multilingual@001`
`textembedding-gecko@003`	`text-multilingual-embedding-002`
`text-embedding-004`
`text-embedding-005`

如果您刚开始接触这些模型，我们建议您使用最新版本。对于英语文本，请使用 text-embedding-005。对于多语言文本，请使用 text-multilingual-embedding-002。

获取文本片段的文本嵌入

您可以使用 Vertex AI API 或 Python 版 Vertex AI SDK 获取文本片段的文本嵌入。对于每个请求，在 us-central1，输入文本上限为 250 个，而在其他区域，输入文本数上限为 5。 API 的输入词元数量上限为 20,000。超出此限制的输入将导致 500 错误。每个输入文本进一步限制为 2048 个词元；任何多余的内容都会以静默方式截断。您还可以通过将 autoTruncate 设置为 false 来停用静默截断。

默认情况下，所有模型都会生成具有 768 个维度的输出。不过，以下模型可让用户选择 1 到 768 之间的输出维数。通过选择较小的输出维度，用户可以节省内存和存储空间，从而实现更高效的计算。

text-embedding-005
text-multilingual-embedding-002

以下示例使用 text-embedding-004 模型。

REST

如需获取文本嵌入，请通过指定发布者模型的 ID 来发送 POST 请求。

在使用任何请求数据之前，请先进行以下替换：

PROJECT_ID：您的项目 ID。
TEXT：您要为其生成嵌入的文本。限制：五个文本，除 textembedding-gecko@001 之外的所有模型的每个文本最多 2,048 个词元。textembedding-gecko@001 的输入词元长度上限为 3072。
AUTO_TRUNCATE：如果设置为 false，则超出词元限制的文本会导致请求失败。默认值为 true。

HTTP 方法和网址：

POST https://us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/us-central1/publishers/google/models/text-embedding-004:predict

请求 JSON 正文：

{
  "instances": [
    { "content": "TEXT"}
  ],
  "parameters": { 
    "autoTruncate": AUTO_TRUNCATE 
  }
}

如需发送请求，请选择以下方式之一：

curl

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI，或者使用了 Cloud Shell，这会使您自动登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中，然后执行以下命令：

curl -X POST \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8" \
     -d @request.json \
     "https://us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/us-central1/publishers/google/models/text-embedding-004:predict"

PowerShell

注意：以下命令假定您已使用您的用户账号通过运行 gcloud init 或 gcloud auth login 登录 gcloud CLI。您可以运行 gcloud auth list 来检查当前活跃的账号。

将请求正文保存在名为 request.json 的文件中，然后执行以下命令：

$cred = gcloud auth print-access-token
$headers = @{ "Authorization" = "Bearer $cred" }

Invoke-WebRequest `
    -Method POST `
    -Headers $headers `
    -ContentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" `
    -InFile request.json `
    -Uri "https://us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/us-central1/publishers/google/models/text-embedding-004:predict" | Select-Object -Expand Content

您应该收到类似以下内容的 JSON 响应。请注意，为节省空间，系统截断了 values。

响应

{
  "predictions": [
    {
      "embeddings": {
        "statistics": {
          "truncated": false,
          "token_count": 6
        },
        "values": [ ... ]
      }
    }
  ]
}

示例 curl 命令

MODEL_ID="text-embedding-004"
PROJECT_ID=PROJECT_ID

curl \
-X POST \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
https://us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/us-central1/publishers/google/models/${MODEL_ID}:predict -d \
$'{
  "instances": [
    { "content": "What is life?"}
  ],
}'

Python

如需了解如何安装或更新 Vertex AI SDK for Python，请参阅安装 Vertex AI SDK for Python。如需了解详情，请参阅 Python API 参考文档。

from __future__ import annotations

from vertexai.language_models import TextEmbeddingInput, TextEmbeddingModel


def embed_text() -> list[list[float]]:
    """Embeds texts with a pre-trained, foundational model.

    Returns:
        A list of lists containing the embedding vectors for each input text
    """

    # A list of texts to be embedded.
    texts = ["banana muffins? ", "banana bread? banana muffins?"]
    # The dimensionality of the output embeddings.
    dimensionality = 256
    # The task type for embedding. Check the available tasks in the model's documentation.
    task = "RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT"

    model = TextEmbeddingModel.from_pretrained("text-embedding-005")
    inputs = [TextEmbeddingInput(text, task) for text in texts]
    kwargs = dict(output_dimensionality=dimensionality) if dimensionality else {}
    embeddings = model.get_embeddings(inputs, **kwargs)

    print(embeddings)
    # Example response:
    # [[0.006135190837085247, -0.01462465338408947, 0.004978656303137541, ...], [0.1234434666, ...]],
    return [embedding.values for embedding in embeddings]

Go

在尝试此示例之前，请按照《Vertex AI 快速入门：使用客户端库》中的 Go 设置说明执行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 Vertex AI Go API 参考文档。

如需向 Vertex AI 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	aiplatform "cloud.google.com/go/aiplatform/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/aiplatform/apiv1/aiplatformpb"

	"google.golang.org/api/option"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/structpb"
)

// embedTexts shows how embeddings are set for text-embedding-005 model
func embedTexts(w io.Writer, project, location string) error {
	// location := "us-central1"
	ctx := context.Background()

	apiEndpoint := fmt.Sprintf("%s-aiplatform.googleapis.com:443", location)
	dimensionality := 5
	model := "text-embedding-005"
	texts := []string{"banana muffins? ", "banana bread? banana muffins?"}

	client, err := aiplatform.NewPredictionClient(ctx, option.WithEndpoint(apiEndpoint))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer client.Close()

	endpoint := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/publishers/google/models/%s", project, location, model)
	instances := make([]*structpb.Value, len(texts))
	for i, text := range texts {
		instances[i] = structpb.NewStructValue(&structpb.Struct{
			Fields: map[string]*structpb.Value{
				"content":   structpb.NewStringValue(text),
				"task_type": structpb.NewStringValue("QUESTION_ANSWERING"),
			},
		})
	}

	params := structpb.NewStructValue(&structpb.Struct{
		Fields: map[string]*structpb.Value{
			"outputDimensionality": structpb.NewNumberValue(float64(dimensionality)),
		},
	})

	req := &aiplatformpb.PredictRequest{
		Endpoint:   endpoint,
		Instances:  instances,
		Parameters: params,
	}
	resp, err := client.Predict(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	embeddings := make([][]float32, len(resp.Predictions))
	for i, prediction := range resp.Predictions {
		values := prediction.GetStructValue().Fields["embeddings"].GetStructValue().Fields["values"].GetListValue().Values
		embeddings[i] = make([]float32, len(values))
		for j, value := range values {
			embeddings[i][j] = float32(value.GetNumberValue())
		}
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Dimensionality: %d. Embeddings length: %d", len(embeddings[0]), len(embeddings))
	return nil
}

Java

在尝试此示例之前，请按照《Vertex AI 快速入门：使用客户端库》中的 Java 设置说明执行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 Vertex AI Java API 参考文档。

如需向 Vertex AI 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;

import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1.EndpointName;
import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1.PredictRequest;
import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1.PredictResponse;
import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1.PredictionServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1.PredictionServiceSettings;
import com.google.protobuf.Struct;
import com.google.protobuf.Value;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.OptionalInt;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class PredictTextEmbeddingsSample {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    // Details about text embedding request structure and supported models are available in:
    // https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/docs/generative-ai/embeddings/get-text-embeddings
    String endpoint = "us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com:443";
    String project = "YOUR_PROJECT_ID";
    String model = "text-embedding-005";
    predictTextEmbeddings(
        endpoint,
        project,
        model,
        List.of("banana bread?", "banana muffins?"),
        "QUESTION_ANSWERING",
        OptionalInt.of(256));
  }

  // Gets text embeddings from a pretrained, foundational model.
  public static List<List<Float>> predictTextEmbeddings(
      String endpoint,
      String project,
      String model,
      List<String> texts,
      String task,
      OptionalInt outputDimensionality)
      throws IOException {
    PredictionServiceSettings settings =
        PredictionServiceSettings.newBuilder().setEndpoint(endpoint).build();
    Matcher matcher = Pattern.compile("^(?<Location>\\w+-\\w+)").matcher(endpoint);
    String location = matcher.matches() ? matcher.group("Location") : "us-central1";
    EndpointName endpointName =
        EndpointName.ofProjectLocationPublisherModelName(project, location, "google", model);

    // You can use this prediction service client for multiple requests.
    try (PredictionServiceClient client = PredictionServiceClient.create(settings)) {
      PredictRequest.Builder request =
          PredictRequest.newBuilder().setEndpoint(endpointName.toString());
      if (outputDimensionality.isPresent()) {
        request.setParameters(
            Value.newBuilder()
                .setStructValue(
                    Struct.newBuilder()
                        .putFields("outputDimensionality", valueOf(outputDimensionality.getAsInt()))
                        .build()));
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < texts.size(); i++) {
        request.addInstances(
            Value.newBuilder()
                .setStructValue(
                    Struct.newBuilder()
                        .putFields("content", valueOf(texts.get(i)))
                        .putFields("task_type", valueOf(task))
                        .build()));
      }
      PredictResponse response = client.predict(request.build());
      List<List<Float>> floats = new ArrayList<>();
      for (Value prediction : response.getPredictionsList()) {
        Value embeddings = prediction.getStructValue().getFieldsOrThrow("embeddings");
        Value values = embeddings.getStructValue().getFieldsOrThrow("values");
        floats.add(
            values.getListValue().getValuesList().stream()
                .map(Value::getNumberValue)
                .map(Double::floatValue)
                .collect(toList()));
      }
      return floats;
    }
  }

  private static Value valueOf(String s) {
    return Value.newBuilder().setStringValue(s).build();
  }

  private static Value valueOf(int n) {
    return Value.newBuilder().setNumberValue(n).build();
  }
}

Node.js

在尝试此示例之前，请按照《Vertex AI 快速入门：使用客户端库》中的 Node.js 设置说明执行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 Vertex AI Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 Vertex AI 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

async function main(
  project,
  model = 'text-embedding-005',
  texts = 'banana bread?;banana muffins?',
  task = 'QUESTION_ANSWERING',
  dimensionality = 0,
  apiEndpoint = 'us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com'
) {
  const aiplatform = require('@google-cloud/aiplatform');
  const {PredictionServiceClient} = aiplatform.v1;
  const {helpers} = aiplatform; // helps construct protobuf.Value objects.
  const clientOptions = {apiEndpoint: apiEndpoint};
  const location = 'us-central1';
  const endpoint = `projects/${project}/locations/${location}/publishers/google/models/${model}`;

  async function callPredict() {
    const instances = texts
      .split(';')
      .map(e => helpers.toValue({content: e, task_type: task}));
    const parameters = helpers.toValue(
      dimensionality > 0 ? {outputDimensionality: parseInt(dimensionality)} : {}
    );
    const request = {endpoint, instances, parameters};
    const client = new PredictionServiceClient(clientOptions);
    const [response] = await client.predict(request);
    const predictions = response.predictions;
    const embeddings = predictions.map(p => {
      const embeddingsProto = p.structValue.fields.embeddings;
      const valuesProto = embeddingsProto.structValue.fields.values;
      return valuesProto.listValue.values.map(v => v.numberValue);
    });
    console.log('Got embeddings: \n' + JSON.stringify(embeddings));
  }

  callPredict();
}

最新模型

text-embedding-005 支持新的任务类型 CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY，可用于使用纯文本查询检索相关代码块。如需使用此功能，应使用 RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT 任务类型嵌入代码块，并使用 CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY 嵌入文本查询。

如需了解所有任务类型，请参阅模型参考。

示例如下：

REST

PROJECT_ID=PROJECT_ID

curl \
-X POST \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
https://us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/us-central1/publishers/google/models/text-embedding-005:predict -d \
$'{
  "instances": [
    {
      "task_type": "CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY",
      "content": "Function to add two numbers"
    }
  ],
}'

Python

如需了解如何安装或更新 Vertex AI SDK for Python，请参阅安装 Vertex AI SDK for Python。如需了解详情，请参阅 Python API 参考文档。

from vertexai.language_models import TextEmbeddingInput, TextEmbeddingModel

MODEL_NAME = "text-embedding-005"
DIMENSIONALITY = 256


def embed_text(
    texts: list[str] = ["Retrieve a function that adds two numbers"],
    task: str = "CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY",
    model_name: str = "text-embedding-005",
    dimensionality: int | None = 256,
) -> list[list[float]]:
    """Embeds texts with a pre-trained, foundational model."""
    model = TextEmbeddingModel.from_pretrained(model_name)
    inputs = [TextEmbeddingInput(text, task) for text in texts]
    kwargs = dict(output_dimensionality=dimensionality) if dimensionality else {}
    embeddings = model.get_embeddings(inputs, **kwargs)
    # Example response:
    # [[0.025890009477734566, -0.05553026497364044, 0.006374752148985863,...],
    return [embedding.values for embedding in embeddings]


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Embeds code block with a pre-trained, foundational model.
    # Using this function to calculate the embedding for corpus.
    texts = ["Retrieve a function that adds two numbers"]
    task = "CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY"
    code_block_embeddings = embed_text(
        texts=texts, task=task, model_name=MODEL_NAME, dimensionality=DIMENSIONALITY
    )

    # Embeds code retrieval with a pre-trained, foundational model.
    # Using this function to calculate the embedding for query.
    texts = [
        "def func(a, b): return a + b",
        "def func(a, b): return a - b",
        "def func(a, b): return (a ** 2 + b ** 2) ** 0.5",
    ]
    task = "RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT"
    code_query_embeddings = embed_text(
        texts=texts, task=task, model_name=MODEL_NAME, dimensionality=DIMENSIONALITY
    )

Go

在尝试此示例之前，请按照《Vertex AI 快速入门：使用客户端库》中的 Go 设置说明执行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 Vertex AI Go API 参考文档。

如需向 Vertex AI 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	aiplatform "cloud.google.com/go/aiplatform/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/aiplatform/apiv1/aiplatformpb"

	"google.golang.org/api/option"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/structpb"
)

// Embeds code query with a pre-trained, foundational model by specifying the task type as 'CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY'. e.g. 'Retrieve a function that adds two numbers'.
// Embeds code block with a pre-trained, foundational model by specifying the task type as 'RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT'. e.g. 'texts := []string{"def func(a, b): return a + b", "def func(a, b): return a - b", "def func(a, b): return (a ** 2 + b ** 2) ** 0.5"}'.
// embedTextsPreview shows how embeddings are set for text-embedding-005 model
func embedTextsPreview(w io.Writer, projectID, location string) error {
	// location := "us-central1"
	ctx := context.Background()

	apiEndpoint := fmt.Sprintf("%s-aiplatform.googleapis.com:443", location)
	dimensionality := 5
	model := "text-embedding-005"
	texts := []string{"banana muffins? ", "banana bread? banana muffins?"}

	client, err := aiplatform.NewPredictionClient(ctx, option.WithEndpoint(apiEndpoint))
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer client.Close()

	endpoint := fmt.Sprintf("projects/%s/locations/%s/publishers/google/models/%s", projectID, location, model)
	instances := make([]*structpb.Value, len(texts))
	for i, text := range texts {
		instances[i] = structpb.NewStructValue(&structpb.Struct{
			Fields: map[string]*structpb.Value{
				"content":   structpb.NewStringValue(text),
				"task_type": structpb.NewStringValue("CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY"),
			},
		})
	}

	params := structpb.NewStructValue(&structpb.Struct{
		Fields: map[string]*structpb.Value{
			"outputDimensionality": structpb.NewNumberValue(float64(dimensionality)),
		},
	})

	req := &aiplatformpb.PredictRequest{
		Endpoint:   endpoint,
		Instances:  instances,
		Parameters: params,
	}
	resp, err := client.Predict(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	embeddings := make([][]float32, len(resp.Predictions))
	for i, prediction := range resp.Predictions {
		values := prediction.GetStructValue().Fields["embeddings"].GetStructValue().Fields["values"].GetListValue().Values
		embeddings[i] = make([]float32, len(values))
		for j, value := range values {
			embeddings[i][j] = float32(value.GetNumberValue())
		}
	}

	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Dimensionality: %d. Embeddings length: %d", len(embeddings[0]), len(embeddings))
	return nil
}

Java

在尝试此示例之前，请按照《Vertex AI 快速入门：使用客户端库》中的 Java 设置说明执行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 Vertex AI Java API 参考文档。

如需向 Vertex AI 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;

import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1beta1.EndpointName;
import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1beta1.PredictRequest;
import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1beta1.PredictResponse;
import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1beta1.PredictionServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.aiplatform.v1beta1.PredictionServiceSettings;
import com.google.protobuf.Struct;
import com.google.protobuf.Value;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.OptionalInt;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class PredictTextEmbeddingsSamplePreview {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    // Details about text embedding request structure and supported models are
    // available in:
    // https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai/docs/generative-ai/embeddings/get-text-embeddings
    String endpoint = "us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com";
    String project = "YOUR_PROJECT_ID";
    String model = "text-embedding-005";
    // Calculate the embedding for a code retrieval query. Using 'CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY' for query.
    predictTextEmbeddings(
        endpoint,
        project,
        model,
        List.of("Retrieve a function that adds two numbers"),
        "CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY",
        OptionalInt.of(256));

    // Calculate the embedding for code blocks. Using 'RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT' for corpus.
    predictTextEmbeddings(
        endpoint,
        project,
        model,
        List.of(
            "def func(a, b): return a + b",
            "def func(a, b): return a - b",
            "def func(a, b): return (a ** 2 + b ** 2) ** 0.5"),
        "RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT",
        OptionalInt.of(256));
  }

  // Gets text embeddings from a pretrained, foundational model.
  public static List<List<Float>> predictTextEmbeddings(
      String endpoint,
      String project,
      String model,
      List<String> texts,
      String task,
      OptionalInt outputDimensionality)
      throws IOException {
    PredictionServiceSettings settings =
        PredictionServiceSettings.newBuilder().setEndpoint(endpoint).build();
    Matcher matcher = Pattern.compile("^(?<Location>\\w+-\\w+)").matcher(endpoint);
    String location = matcher.matches() ? matcher.group("Location") : "us-central1";
    EndpointName endpointName =
        EndpointName.ofProjectLocationPublisherModelName(project, location, "google", model);

    // You can use this prediction service client for multiple requests.
    try (PredictionServiceClient client = PredictionServiceClient.create(settings)) {
      PredictRequest.Builder request =
          PredictRequest.newBuilder().setEndpoint(endpointName.toString());
      if (outputDimensionality.isPresent()) {
        request.setParameters(
            Value.newBuilder()
                .setStructValue(
                    Struct.newBuilder()
                        .putFields("outputDimensionality", valueOf(outputDimensionality.getAsInt()))
                        .build()));
      }
      for (int i = 0; i < texts.size(); i++) {
        request.addInstances(
            Value.newBuilder()
                .setStructValue(
                    Struct.newBuilder()
                        .putFields("content", valueOf(texts.get(i)))
                        .putFields("task_type", valueOf(task))
                        .build()));
      }
      PredictResponse response = client.predict(request.build());
      List<List<Float>> floats = new ArrayList<>();
      for (Value prediction : response.getPredictionsList()) {
        Value embeddings = prediction.getStructValue().getFieldsOrThrow("embeddings");
        Value values = embeddings.getStructValue().getFieldsOrThrow("values");
        floats.add(
            values.getListValue().getValuesList().stream()
                .map(Value::getNumberValue)
                .map(Double::floatValue)
                .collect(toList()));
      }
      return floats;
    }
  }

  private static Value valueOf(String s) {
    return Value.newBuilder().setStringValue(s).build();
  }

  private static Value valueOf(int n) {
    return Value.newBuilder().setNumberValue(n).build();
  }
}

Node.js

在尝试此示例之前，请按照《Vertex AI 快速入门：使用客户端库》中的 Node.js 设置说明执行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 Vertex AI Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 Vertex AI 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。


// TODO(developer): Update the following for your own use case.
const project = 'long-door-651';
const model = 'text-embedding-005';
const location = 'us-central1';
// Calculate the embedding for code blocks. Using 'RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT' for corpus.
// Specify the task type as 'CODE_RETRIEVAL_QUERY' for query, e.g. 'Retrieve a function that adds two numbers'.
const texts =
  'def func(a, b): return a + b;def func(a, b): return a - b;def func(a, b): return (a ** 2 + b ** 2) ** 0.5';
const task = 'RETRIEVAL_DOCUMENT';
const dimensionality = 3;
const apiEndpoint = 'us-central1-aiplatform.googleapis.com';

const aiplatform = require('@google-cloud/aiplatform');
const {PredictionServiceClient} = aiplatform.v1;
const {helpers} = aiplatform; // helps construct protobuf.Value objects.
const clientOptions = {apiEndpoint: apiEndpoint};
const endpoint = `projects/${project}/locations/${location}/publishers/google/models/${model}`;
const parameters = helpers.toValue({
  outputDimensionality: parseInt(dimensionality),
});

async function callPredict() {
  const instances = texts
    .split(';')
    .map(e => helpers.toValue({content: e, task_type: task}));
  const request = {endpoint, instances, parameters};
  const client = new PredictionServiceClient(clientOptions);
  const [response] = await client.predict(request);
  const predictions = response.predictions;
  const embeddings = predictions.map(p => {
    const embeddingsProto = p.structValue.fields.embeddings;
    const valuesProto = embeddingsProto.structValue.fields.values;
    return valuesProto.listValue.values.map(v => v.numberValue);
  });
  console.log('Got embeddings: \n' + JSON.stringify(embeddings));
}
await callPredict();

使用这些模型时，存在以下限制：

请勿在任务关键型系统或生产系统中使用这些预览版模型。
这些模型仅在 us-central1 中提供。
不支持批量预测。
不支持自定义。

将嵌入添加到向量数据库

生成嵌入后，您可以将嵌入添加到向量数据库，例如 Vector Search。这样可以实现低延迟检索，并且随着数据规模扩大，这一点至关重要。

如需详细了解 Vector Search，请参阅 Vector Search 概览。

后续步骤

如需详细了解速率限制，请参阅 Vertex AI 上的生成式 AI 速率限制。
如需获取嵌入的批量预测结果，请参阅获取批量文本嵌入预测结果
如需详细了解多模态嵌入，请参阅获取多模态嵌入
如需对嵌入进行调优，请参阅调优文本嵌入
如需详细了解 text-embedding-005 和 text-multilingual-embedding-002 背后的研究，请参阅研究论文 Gecko：从大语言模型中提炼的多功能文本嵌入。