Create storage buckets

This page shows you how to create Cloud Storage buckets. For an overview of buckets, read the Key Terms. If not otherwise specified in your request, buckets are created in the US multi-region and have a default storage class of Standard Storage.

Prerequisites

Prerequisites can vary based on the tool used:

Console

In order to complete this guide using the Google Cloud console, you must have the proper IAM permissions. If you did not create the project you want to access, you might need the project owner to give you a role that contains the necessary permissions.

For a list of permissions required for specific actions, see IAM permissions for the Google Cloud console.

For a list of relevant roles, see Cloud Storage roles. Alternatively, you can create a custom role that has specific, limited permissions.

Command line

In order to complete this guide using a command-line utility, you must have the proper IAM permissions. If you did not create the project you want to access, you might need the project owner to give you a role that contains the necessary permissions.

For a list of permissions required for specific actions, see IAM permissions for gsutil commands.

For a list of relevant roles, see Cloud Storage roles. Alternatively, you can create a custom role that has specific, limited permissions.

Code samples

In order to complete this guide using the Cloud Storage client libraries, you must have the proper IAM permissions. If you did not create the project you want to access, you might need the project owner to give you a role that contains the necessary permissions. Unless otherwise noted, client library requests are made through the JSON API.

For a list of permissions required for specific actions, see IAM permissions for JSON methods.

For a list of relevant roles, see Cloud Storage roles. Alternatively, you can create a custom role that has specific, limited permissions.

REST APIs

JSON API

In order to complete this guide using the JSON API, you must have the proper IAM permissions. If you did not create the project you want to access, you might need the project owner to give you a role that contains the necessary permissions.

For a list of permissions required for specific actions, see IAM permissions for JSON methods.

For a list of relevant roles, see Cloud Storage roles. Alternatively, you can create a custom role that has specific, limited permissions.

Create a new bucket

Console

  1. In the Google Cloud console, go to the Cloud Storage Browser page.

    Go to Browser

  2. Click Create bucket.
  3. On the Create a bucket page, enter your bucket information. To go to the next step, click Continue.
    • For Name your bucket, enter a name that meets the bucket name requirements.
    • For Choose where to store your data, select a Location type and Location where the bucket data will be permanently stored.
    • For Choose a default storage class for your data, select a storage class for the bucket. The default storage class is assigned by default to all objects uploaded to the bucket.

      Note: The Monthly cost estimate panel in the right pane estimates the bucket's monthly costs based on your selected storage class and location, as well as your expected data size and operations.

    • For Choose how to control access to objects, select whether or not your bucket enforces public access prevention, and select an Access control model for your bucket's objects.

      Note: If public access prevention is already enforced by your project's organization policy, the Prevent public access toggle is locked.

    • For Choose how to protect object data, configure Protection tools if desired, and select a Data encryption method.
  4. Click Create.

To learn how to get detailed error information about failed operations in the Cloud Storage browser, see Troubleshooting.

Command line

Use the gsutil mb command:

gsutil mb gs://BUCKET_NAME

Where:

  • BUCKET_NAME is the name you want to give your bucket, subject to naming requirements. For example, my-bucket.

If the request is successful, the command returns the following message:

Creating gs://BUCKET_NAME/...

Set the following optional flags to have greater control over the creation of your bucket:

  • -p: Specify the project ID or project number with which your bucket will be associated. For example, my-project.
  • -c: Specify the default storage class of your bucket. For example, NEARLINE.
  • -l: Specify the location of your bucket. For example, US-EAST1.
  • -b: Specify the uniform bucket-level access setting for your bucket. For example, ON.

    • For a complete list of options for gsutil bucket creation, see mb options.

For example:

  gsutil mb -p PROJECT_ID -c STORAGE_CLASS -l BUCKET_LOCATION -b on gs://BUCKET_NAME

Code samples

C++

For more information, see the Cloud Storage C++ API reference documentation. 

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
using ::google::cloud::StatusOr;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name,
   std::string const& storage_class, std::string const& location) {
  StatusOr<gcs::BucketMetadata> bucket_metadata =
      client.CreateBucket(bucket_name, gcs::BucketMetadata()
                                           .set_storage_class(storage_class)
                                           .set_location(location));

  if (!bucket_metadata) {
    throw std::runtime_error(bucket_metadata.status().message());
  }

  std::cout << "Bucket " << bucket_metadata->name() << " created."
            << "\nFull Metadata: " << *bucket_metadata << "\n";
}

C#

For more information, see the Cloud Storage C# API reference documentation. 


using Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data;
using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;

public class CreateRegionalBucketSample
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Creates a storage bucket with region.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="projectId">The ID of the project to create the buckets in.</param>
    /// <param name="location">The location of the bucket. Object data for objects in the bucket resides in 
    /// physical storage within this region. Defaults to US.</param>
    /// <param name="bucketName">The name of the bucket to create.</param>
    /// <param name="storageClass">The bucket's default storage class, used whenever no storageClass is specified
    /// for a newly-created object. This defines how objects in the bucket are stored
    /// and determines the SLA and the cost of storage. Values include MULTI_REGIONAL,
    /// REGIONAL, STANDARD, NEARLINE, COLDLINE, ARCHIVE, and DURABLE_REDUCED_AVAILABILITY.
    /// If this value is not specified when the bucket is created, it will default to
    /// STANDARD.</param>
    public Bucket CreateRegionalBucket(
        string projectId = "your-project-id",
        string bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name",
        string location = "us-west1",
        string storageClass = "REGIONAL")
    {
        var storage = StorageClient.Create();
        Bucket bucket = new Bucket
        {
            Location = location,
            Name = bucketName,
            StorageClass = storageClass
        };
        var newlyCreatedBucket = storage.CreateBucket(projectId, bucket);
        Console.WriteLine($"Created {bucketName}.");
        return newlyCreatedBucket;
    }
}

Go

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Go API reference documentation. 

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

// createBucketClassLocation creates a new bucket in the project with Storage class and
// location.
func createBucketClassLocation(w io.Writer, projectID, bucketName string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// bucketName := "bucket-name"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()

	storageClassAndLocation := &storage.BucketAttrs{
		StorageClass: "COLDLINE",
		Location:     "asia",
	}
	bucket := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	if err := bucket.Create(ctx, projectID, storageClassAndLocation); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Create: %v", bucketName, err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created bucket %v in %v with storage class %v\n", bucketName, storageClassAndLocation.Location, storageClassAndLocation.StorageClass)
	return nil
}

Java

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Java API reference documentation. 

import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket;
import com.google.cloud.storage.BucketInfo;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageClass;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;

public class CreateBucketWithStorageClassAndLocation {
  public static void createBucketWithStorageClassAndLocation(String projectId, String bucketName) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID to give your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();

    // See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes:
    // https://googleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/StorageClass.html
    StorageClass storageClass = StorageClass.COLDLINE;

    // See this documentation for other valid locations:
    // http://g.co/cloud/storage/docs/bucket-locations#location-mr
    String location = "ASIA";

    Bucket bucket =
        storage.create(
            BucketInfo.newBuilder(bucketName)
                .setStorageClass(storageClass)
                .setLocation(location)
                .build());

    System.out.println(
        "Created bucket "
            + bucket.getName()
            + " in "
            + bucket.getLocation()
            + " with storage class "
            + bucket.getStorageClass());
  }
}

Node.js

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Node.js API reference documentation. 

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// The ID of your GCS bucket
// const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';

// The name of a storage class
// See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes:
// https://googleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/StorageClass.html
// const storageClass = 'coldline';

// The name of a location
// See this documentation for other valid locations:
// http://g.co/cloud/storage/docs/locations#location-mr
// const location = 'ASIA';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
// The bucket in the sample below will be created in the project associated with this client.
// For more information, please see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/production or https://googleapis.dev/nodejs/storage/latest/Storage.html
const storage = new Storage();

async function createBucketWithStorageClassAndLocation() {
  // For default values see: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/locations and
  // https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/storage-classes
  const [bucket] = await storage.createBucket(bucketName, {
    location,
    [storageClass]: true,
  });

  console.log(
    `${bucket.name} created with ${storageClass} class in ${location}`
  );
}

createBucketWithStorageClassAndLocation().catch(console.error);

PHP

For more information, see the Cloud Storage PHP API reference documentation. 

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

/**
 * Create a new bucket with a custom default storage class and location.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 */
function create_bucket_class_location($bucketName)
{
    // $bucketName = 'my-bucket';

    $storage = new StorageClient();
    $storageClass = 'COLDLINE';
    $location = 'ASIA';
    $bucket = $storage->createBucket($bucketName, [
        'storageClass' => $storageClass,
        'location' => $location,
    ]);

    $objects = $bucket->objects([
        'encryption' => [
            'defaultKmsKeyName' => null,
        ]
    ]);

    printf('Created bucket %s in %s with storage class %s', $bucketName, $storageClass, $location);
}

Python

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Python API reference documentation. 

from google.cloud import storage


def create_bucket_class_location(bucket_name):
    """
    Create a new bucket in the US region with the coldline storage
    class
    """
    # bucket_name = "your-new-bucket-name"

    storage_client = storage.Client()

    bucket = storage_client.bucket(bucket_name)
    bucket.storage_class = "COLDLINE"
    new_bucket = storage_client.create_bucket(bucket, location="us")

    print(
        "Created bucket {} in {} with storage class {}".format(
            new_bucket.name, new_bucket.location, new_bucket.storage_class
        )
    )
    return new_bucket

Ruby

For more information, see the Cloud Storage Ruby API reference documentation. 

def create_bucket_class_location bucket_name:
  # The ID to give your GCS bucket
  # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name"

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
  bucket  = storage.create_bucket bucket_name,
                                  location:      "ASIA",
                                  storage_class: "COLDLINE"

  puts "Created bucket #{bucket.name} in #{bucket.location} with #{bucket.storage_class} class"
end

Terraform

You can use a Terraform resource to create a storage bucket.

# Create new storage bucket in the US multi-region
# with coldline storage
resource "google_storage_bucket" "static" {
  name          = "new-bucket"
  location      = "US"
  storage_class = "COLDLINE"

  uniform_bucket_level_access = true
}

REST APIS

JSON API

  1. Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication.
  2. Create a .json file that contains the settings for the bucket, which must include a name for the bucket. See the Buckets:Insert documentation for a complete list of settings. The following are common settings to include:
    3. {
  "name": "BUCKET_NAME",
  "location": "BUCKET_LOCATION",
  "storageClass": "STORAGE_CLASS",
  "iamConfiguration": {
    "uniformBucketLevelAccess": {
      "enabled": true
    },
  }
}

    Where:

    • BUCKET_NAME is the name you want to give your bucket, subject to naming requirements. For example, my-bucket.
    • BUCKET_LOCATION is the location where you want to store your bucket's object data. For example, US-EAST1.
    • STORAGE_CLASS is the default storage class of your bucket. For example, NEARLINE.
  3. Use cURL to call the JSON API: 
    curl -X POST --data-binary @JSON_FILE_NAME.json \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer OAUTH2_TOKEN" \
     -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
     "https://storage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b?project=PROJECT_IDENTIFIER"

    Where:

    • JSON_FILE_NAME is name of the JSON file you created in Step 2.
    • OAUTH2_TOKEN is the access token you generated in Step 1.
    • PROJECT_IDENTIFIER is the ID or number of the project with which your bucket will be associated. For example, my-project.

XML API

  1. Get an authorization access token from the OAuth 2.0 Playground. Configure the playground to use your own OAuth credentials. For instructions, see API authentication.
  2. Create a .xml file that contains the following information:
    3. <CreateBucketConfiguration>
   <LocationConstraint>BUCKET_LOCATION</LocationConstraint>
   <StorageClass>STORAGE_CLASS</StorageClass>
</CreateBucketConfiguration>

    Where:

    • BUCKET_LOCATION is the location where you want to store your bucket's object data. For example, US-EAST1.
    • STORAGE_CLASS is the default storage class of your bucket. For example, NEARLINE.
  3. Use cURL to call the XML API: 
    curl -X PUT --data-binary @XML_FILE_NAME.xml \
     -H "Authorization: Bearer OAUTH2_TOKEN" \
     -H "x-goog-project-id: PROJECT_ID" \
     "https://storage.googleapis.com/BUCKET_NAME"

    Where:

    • XML_FILE_NAME is name of the XML file you created in Step 2.
    • OAUTH2_TOKEN is the access token you generated in Step 1.
    • PROJECT_ID is the ID of the project with which your bucket will be associated. For example, my-project.
    • BUCKET_NAME is the name you want to give your bucket, subject to naming requirements. For example, my-bucket.

What's next

Try it for yourself

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