更改对象存储类别

本页面介绍了如何通过重写对象来更改存储分区中对象的存储类别。如需了解如何在不重写对象的情况下更改对象存储类别，请参阅对象生命周期管理功能。

控制台

不能通过 Console 设置各个对象存储类别。请改为使用 gsutil。

gsutil

在 rewrite 命令中使用 -s 标志，例如：

gsutil rewrite -s STORAGE_CLASS gs://PATH_TO_OBJECT

其中：

STORAGE_CLASS 是对象的新存储类别，例如 nearline。
PATH_TO_OBJECT 是您想要更改其类别的对象的名称，例如 pets/dog.png。

代码示例

C++

如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Storage C++ API 参考文档。

在 GitHub 上查看反馈

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
using ::google::cloud::StatusOr;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name,
   std::string const& object_name, std::string const& storage_class) {
  StatusOr<gcs::ObjectMetadata> object_metadata =
      client.RewriteObjectBlocking(
          bucket_name, object_name, bucket_name, object_name,
          gcs::WithObjectMetadata(
              gcs::ObjectMetadata().set_storage_class(storage_class)));

  if (!object_metadata) {
    throw std::runtime_error(object_metadata.status().message());
  }

  std::cout << "Changed storage class of object " << object_metadata->name()
            << " in bucket " << object_metadata->bucket() << " to "
            << object_metadata->storage_class() << "\n";
}

C#

如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Storage C# API 参考文档。

在 GitHub 上查看反馈


using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;

public class ChangeFileStorageClassSample
{
    public Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data.Object ChangeFileStorageClass(
        string bucketName = "your-bucket-name",
        string objectName = "your-object-name",
        string storageClass = StorageClasses.Standard)
    {
        var storage = StorageClient.Create();

        // Changing storage class requires a rewrite operation, which can only be done
        // by the underlying service
        var obj = new Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data.Object { StorageClass = storageClass };
        storage.Service.Objects.Rewrite(obj, bucketName, objectName, bucketName, objectName).Execute();

        var file = storage.GetObject(bucketName, objectName);
        Console.WriteLine($"Object {objectName} in bucket {bucketName} had" +
            $" its storage class set to {storageClass}.");

        return file;
    }
}

Go

如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Storage Go API 参考文档。

在 GitHub 上查看反馈

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

// changeObjectStorageClass changes the storage class of a single object.
func changeObjectStorageClass(w io.Writer, bucket, object string) error {
	// bucket := "bucket-name"
	// object := "object-name"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %v", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()

	bkt := client.Bucket(bucket)
	obj := bkt.Object(object)
	// See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes:
	// https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/storage-classes
	newStorageClass := "COLDLINE"
	// You can't change an object's storage class directly, the only way is
	// to rewrite the object with the desired storage class.
	copier := obj.CopierFrom(obj)
	copier.StorageClass = newStorageClass
	if _, err := copier.Run(ctx); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("copier.Run: %v", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Object %v in bucket %v had its storage class set to %v\n", object, bucket, newStorageClass)
	return nil
}

Java

如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Storage Java API 参考文档。

在 GitHub 上查看反馈

import com.google.cloud.storage.Blob;
import com.google.cloud.storage.BlobId;
import com.google.cloud.storage.BlobInfo;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageClass;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;

public class ChangeObjectStorageClass {
  public static void changeObjectStorageClass(
      String projectId, String bucketName, String objectName) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID of your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

    // The ID of your GCS object
    // String objectName = "your-object-name";

    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();
    BlobId blobId = BlobId.of(bucketName, objectName);

    // See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes:
    // https://googleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/StorageClass.html
    StorageClass storageClass = StorageClass.COLDLINE;

    // You can't change an object's storage class directly, the only way is to rewrite the object
    // with the
    // desired storage class
    Storage.CopyRequest request =
        Storage.CopyRequest.newBuilder()
            .setSource(blobId)
            .setTarget(BlobInfo.newBuilder(blobId).setStorageClass(storageClass).build())
            .build();
    Blob updatedBlob = storage.copy(request).getResult();

    System.out.println(
        "Object "
            + objectName
            + " in bucket "
            + bucketName
            + " had its storage class set to "
            + updatedBlob.getStorageClass().name());
  }
}

Node.js

如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Storage Node.js API 参考文档。

在 GitHub 上查看反馈

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
const storage = new Storage();

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// The ID of your GCS bucket
// const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';

// The ID of your GCS file
// const fileName = 'your-file-name';

// The name of a storage class
// See the StorageClass documentation for other valid storage classes:
// https://googleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/StorageClass.html
// const storageClass = 'coldline';

async function fileChangeStorageClass() {
  await storage
    .bucket(bucketName)
    .file(fileName)
    .setStorageClass(storageClass);

  console.log(`${fileName} has been set to ${storageClass}`);
}

fileChangeStorageClass().catch(console.error);

PHP

如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Storage PHP API 参考文档。

在 GitHub 上查看反馈

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

/**
 * Change the storage class of the given file.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 * @param string $objectName The name of your Cloud Storage object.
 * @param string $storageClass The storage class of the new object.
 */
function change_file_storage_class($bucketName, $objectName, $storageClass)
{
    // $bucketName = 'my-bucket';
    // $objectName = 'my-object';
    // $storageClass = 'COLDLINE';

    $storage = new StorageClient();
    $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName);
    $object = $bucket->object($objectName);

    // Storage class cannot be changed directly. But we can rewrite the object
    // using the new storage class.

    $newObject = $object->rewrite($bucket, [
        'storageClass' => $storageClass,
    ]);

    printf(
        'Object %s in bucket %s had its storage class set to %s',
        $objectName,
        $bucketName,
        $newObject->info()['storageClass']
    );
}

Python

如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Storage Python API 参考文档。

在 GitHub 上查看反馈

from google.cloud import storage

def change_file_storage_class(bucket_name, blob_name):
    """Change the default storage class of the blob"""
    # bucket_name = "your-bucket-name"
    # blob_name = "your-object-name"

    storage_client = storage.Client()

    bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name)
    blob = bucket.get_blob(blob_name)
    blob.update_storage_class("NEARLINE")

    print(
        "Blob {} in bucket {} had its storage class set to {}".format(
            blob_name,
            bucket_name,
            blob.storage_class
        )
    )
    return blob

Ruby

如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud Storage Ruby API 参考文档。

在 GitHub 上查看反馈

def change_file_storage_class bucket_name:, file_name:
  # The ID of your GCS bucket
  # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name"

  # The ID of your GCS object
  # file_name = "your-file-name"

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
  bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name

  file = bucket.file file_name

  file.storage_class = "NEARLINE"

  puts "File #{file_name} in bucket #{bucket_name} had its storage class set to #{file.storage_class}"
end

REST API

JSON API

从 OAuth 2.0 Playground 获取授权访问令牌。将 Playground 配置为使用您自己的 OAuth 凭据。如需了解相关说明，请参阅 API 身份验证。
创建一个包含以下信息的 .json 文件：
```
{
  "storageClass": "STORAGE_CLASS"
}
```
其中：
- STORAGE_CLASS 是对象的新存储类别，例如 nearline。
使用 cURL，通过 POST Object 请求调用 JSON API：
```
curl -X POST --data-binary @JSON_FILE_NAME.json \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer OAUTH2_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  "https://storage.googleapis.com/storage/v1/b/BUCKET_NAME/o/OBJECT_NAME/rewriteTo/b/BUCKET_NAME/o/OBJECT_NAME"
```
其中：
- JSON_FILE_NAME 是您在第 2 步中创建的 JSON 文件的名称。
- OAUTH2_TOKEN 是您在第 1 步中生成的访问令牌。
- BUCKET_NAME 是包含原始对象的存储分区的名称。例如 my-bucket。
- OBJECT_NAME 是对象的名称，例如 pets/dog.png。

XML API

从 OAuth 2.0 Playground 获取授权访问令牌。将 Playground 配置为使用您自己的 OAuth 凭据。如需了解相关说明，请参阅 API 身份验证。
使用 cURL，通过 PUT Object 请求调用 XML API：
```
curl -X PUT --data-binary @OBJECT \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer OAUTH2_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: OBJECT_CONTENT_TYPE" \
  -H "x-goog-storage-class: STORAGE_CLASS" \
  "https://storage.googleapis.com/BUCKET_NAME/OBJECT_NAME"
```
其中：
- OBJECT 是您想要更改其存储类别的对象的本地路径（使用 XML API 更改存储类别时，您必须重新上传对象），例如 Desktop/dog.png。
- OAUTH2_TOKEN 是您在第 1 步中生成的访问令牌。
- OBJECT_CONTENT_TYPE 是该对象的内容类型，例如 image/png。
- STORAGE_CLASS 是对象的新存储类别，例如 nearline。
- BUCKET_NAME 是包含要重写的对象的存储分区的名称，例如 my-bucket。
- OBJECT_NAME 是要重写的对象的名称，例如 pets/dog.png。

更改对象存储类别

控制台

gsutil

代码示例

C++

C#

Go

Java

Node.js

PHP

Python

Ruby

REST API

JSON API

XML API

后续步骤