Mutations update data

Update data by using mutations.

Explore further

For detailed documentation that includes this code sample, see the following:

• Getting started with Spanner in C#
• Getting started with Spanner in C++
• Getting started with Spanner in Go
• Getting started with Spanner in Java
• Getting started with Spanner in JDBC
• Getting started with Spanner in Node.js
• Getting started with Spanner in PHP
• Getting started with Spanner in Python
• Getting started with Spanner in Ruby

Code sample

C++

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

void UpdateData(google::cloud::spanner::Client client) {
  //! [commit-with-mutations]
  namespace spanner = ::google::cloud::spanner;
  auto commit_result = client.Commit(spanner::Mutations{
      spanner::UpdateMutationBuilder("Albums",
                                     {"SingerId", "AlbumId", "MarketingBudget"})
          .EmplaceRow(1, 1, 100000)
          .EmplaceRow(2, 2, 500000)
          .Build()});
  if (!commit_result) throw std::move(commit_result).status();
  //! [commit-with-mutations]
  std::cout << "Update was successful [spanner_update_data]\n";
}

C#

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

using Google.Cloud.Spanner.Data;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class UpdateDataAsyncSample
{
    public async Task<int> UpdateDataAsync(string projectId, string instanceId, string databaseId)
    {
        string connectionString = $"Data Source=projects/{projectId}/instances/{instanceId}/databases/{databaseId}";

        using var connection = new SpannerConnection(connectionString);

        var rowCount = 0;
        SpannerCommand cmd = connection.CreateDmlCommand(
            "UPDATE Albums SET MarketingBudget = @MarketingBudget "
            + "WHERE SingerId = 1 and AlbumId = 1");
        cmd.Parameters.Add("MarketingBudget", SpannerDbType.Int64, 100000);
        rowCount += await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();

        cmd = connection.CreateDmlCommand(
            "UPDATE Albums SET MarketingBudget = @MarketingBudget "
            + "WHERE SingerId = 2 and AlbumId = 2");
        cmd.Parameters.Add("MarketingBudget", SpannerDbType.Int64, 500000);
        rowCount += await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();

        Console.WriteLine("Data Updated.");
        return rowCount;
    }
}

Go

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

import (
	"context"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/spanner"
)

func update(w io.Writer, db string) error {
	ctx := context.Background()

	client, err := spanner.NewClient(ctx, db)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer client.Close()

	cols := []string{"SingerId", "AlbumId", "MarketingBudget"}
	_, err = client.Apply(ctx, []*spanner.Mutation{
		spanner.Update("Albums", cols, []interface{}{1, 1, 100000}),
		spanner.Update("Albums", cols, []interface{}{2, 2, 500000}),
	})
	return err
}

Java

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

static void updateDataWithMutations(
    final String project,
    final String instance,
    final String database,
    final Properties properties) throws SQLException {
  try (Connection connection =
      DriverManager.getConnection(
          String.format(
              "jdbc:cloudspanner:/projects/%s/instances/%s/databases/%s",
              project, instance, database),
          properties)) {
    // Unwrap the CloudSpannerJdbcConnection interface
    // from the java.sql.Connection.
    CloudSpannerJdbcConnection cloudSpannerJdbcConnection =
        connection.unwrap(CloudSpannerJdbcConnection.class);

    final long marketingBudgetAlbum1 = 100000L;
    final long marketingBudgetAlbum2 = 500000L;
    // Mutation can be used to update/insert/delete a single row in a table.
    // Here we use newUpdateBuilder to create update mutations.
    List<Mutation> mutations =
        Arrays.asList(
            Mutation.newUpdateBuilder("Albums")
                .set("SingerId")
                .to(1)
                .set("AlbumId")
                .to(1)
                .set("MarketingBudget")
                .to(marketingBudgetAlbum1)
                .build(),
            Mutation.newUpdateBuilder("Albums")
                .set("SingerId")
                .to(2)
                .set("AlbumId")
                .to(2)
                .set("MarketingBudget")
                .to(marketingBudgetAlbum2)
                .build());
    // This writes all the mutations to Cloud Spanner atomically.
    cloudSpannerJdbcConnection.write(mutations);
    System.out.println("Updated albums");
  }
}

Node.js

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Spanner} = require('@google-cloud/spanner');

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'my-project-id';
// const instanceId = 'my-instance';
// const databaseId = 'my-database';

// Creates a client
const spanner = new Spanner({
  projectId: projectId,
});

// Gets a reference to a Cloud Spanner instance and database
const instance = spanner.instance(instanceId);
const database = instance.database(databaseId);

// Update a row in the Albums table
// Note: Cloud Spanner interprets Node.js numbers as FLOAT64s, so they
// must be converted to strings before being inserted as INT64s
const albumsTable = database.table('Albums');

try {
  await albumsTable.update([
    {SingerId: '1', AlbumId: '1', MarketingBudget: '100000'},
    {SingerId: '2', AlbumId: '2', MarketingBudget: '500000'},
  ]);
  console.log('Updated data.');
} catch (err) {
  console.error('ERROR:', err);
} finally {
  // Close the database when finished.
  database.close();
}

PHP

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

use Google\Cloud\Spanner\SpannerClient;

/**
 * Updates sample data in the database.
 *
 * This updates the `MarketingBudget` column which must be created before
 * running this sample. You can add the column by running the `add_column`
 * sample or by running this DDL statement against your database:
 *
 *     ALTER TABLE Albums ADD COLUMN MarketingBudget INT64
 *
 * Example:
 * ```
 * update_data($instanceId, $databaseId);
 * ```
 *
 * @param string $instanceId The Spanner instance ID.
 * @param string $databaseId The Spanner database ID.
 */
function update_data(string $instanceId, string $databaseId): void
{
    $spanner = new SpannerClient();
    $instance = $spanner->instance($instanceId);
    $database = $instance->database($databaseId);

    $operation = $database->transaction(['singleUse' => true])
        ->updateBatch('Albums', [
            ['SingerId' => 1, 'AlbumId' => 1, 'MarketingBudget' => 100000],
            ['SingerId' => 2, 'AlbumId' => 2, 'MarketingBudget' => 500000],
        ])
        ->commit();

    print('Updated data.' . PHP_EOL);
}

Python

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

def update_data(instance_id, database_id):
    """Updates sample data in the database.

    This updates the `MarketingBudget` column which must be created before
    running this sample. You can add the column by running the `add_column`
    sample or by running this DDL statement against your database:

        ALTER TABLE Albums ADD COLUMN MarketingBudget INT64

    """
    spanner_client = spanner.Client()
    instance = spanner_client.instance(instance_id)
    database = instance.database(database_id)

    with database.batch() as batch:
        batch.update(
            table="Albums",
            columns=("SingerId", "AlbumId", "MarketingBudget"),
            values=[(1, 1, 100000), (2, 2, 500000)],
        )

    print("Updated data.")

Ruby

To learn how to install and use the client library for Spanner, see Spanner client libraries.

To authenticate to Spanner, set up Application Default Credentials. For more information, see Set up authentication for a local development environment.

# project_id  = "Your Google Cloud project ID"
# instance_id = "Your Spanner instance ID"
# database_id = "Your Spanner database ID"

require "google/cloud/spanner"

spanner = Google::Cloud::Spanner.new project: project_id
client  = spanner.client instance_id, database_id

client.commit do |c|
  c.update "Albums", [
    { SingerId: 1, AlbumId: 1, MarketingBudget: 100_000 },
    { SingerId: 2, AlbumId: 2, MarketingBudget: 500_000 }
  ]
end

puts "Updated data"

What's next

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