Recibir mensajes con intentos de entrega

Imprime el campo del intento de entrega de un mensaje de una suscripción con una “DeadLetterPolicy”.

Explora más

Para obtener documentación en la que se incluye esta muestra de código, consulta lo siguiente:

Maneja las fallas de los mensajes

Muestra de código

C++

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de C++ que se encuentran en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub C++.

Para autenticarte en Pub/Sub, configura las credenciales predeterminadas de la aplicación. Si deseas obtener más información, consulta Configura la autenticación para un entorno de desarrollo local.

namespace pubsub = ::google::cloud::pubsub;
auto sample = [](pubsub::Subscriber subscriber) {
  return subscriber.Subscribe(
      [&](pubsub::Message const& m, pubsub::AckHandler h) {
        std::cout << "Received message " << m << "\n";
        std::cout << "Delivery attempt: " << h.delivery_attempt() << "\n";
        std::move(h).ack();
        PleaseIgnoreThisSimplifiesTestingTheSamples();
      });
};

C#

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de C# que se encuentran en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub C#.


using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class PullMessagesAsyncWithDeliveryAttemptsSample
{
    public async Task<int> PullMessagesAsyncWithDeliveryAttempts(string projectId, string subscriptionId, bool acknowledge)
    {
        // This is an existing subscription with a dead letter policy.
        SubscriptionName subscriptionName = SubscriptionName.FromProjectSubscription(projectId, subscriptionId);

        SubscriberClient subscriber = await SubscriberClient.CreateAsync(subscriptionName);

        int deliveryAttempt = 0;
        Task startTask = subscriber.StartAsync((PubsubMessage message, CancellationToken cancel) =>
        {
            string text = message.Data.ToStringUtf8();
            System.Console.WriteLine($"Delivery Attempt: {message.GetDeliveryAttempt()}");
            if (message.GetDeliveryAttempt() != null)
            {
                deliveryAttempt = message.GetDeliveryAttempt().Value;
            }
            return Task.FromResult(acknowledge ? SubscriberClient.Reply.Ack : SubscriberClient.Reply.Nack);
        });
        // Run for 7 seconds.
        await Task.Delay(7000);
        await subscriber.StopAsync(CancellationToken.None);
        // Lets make sure that the start task finished successfully after the call to stop.
        await startTask;
        return deliveryAttempt;
    }
}

Go

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Go que se encuentran en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub Go.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub"
)

func pullMsgsDeadLetterDeliveryAttempt(w io.Writer, projectID, subID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// subID := "my-sub"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsub.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsub.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Receive messages for 10 seconds, which simplifies testing.
	// Comment this out in production, since `Receive` should
	// be used as a long running operation.
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	sub := client.Subscription(subID)
	err = sub.Receive(ctx, func(_ context.Context, msg *pubsub.Message) {
		// When dead lettering is enabled, the delivery attempt field is a pointer to the
		// the number of times the service has attempted to delivery a message.
		// Otherwise, the field is nil.
		if msg.DeliveryAttempt != nil {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "message: %s, delivery attempts: %d", msg.Data, *msg.DeliveryAttempt)
		}
		msg.Ack()
	})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("got error in Receive: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

Java

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Java que se encuentran en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub Java.


import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.AckReplyConsumer;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.MessageReceiver;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.Subscriber;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectSubscriptionName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class ReceiveMessagesWithDeliveryAttemptsExample {

  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    // This is an existing subscription with a dead letter policy.
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";

    ReceiveMessagesWithDeliveryAttemptsExample.receiveMessagesWithDeliveryAttemptsExample(
        projectId, subscriptionId);
  }

  public static void receiveMessagesWithDeliveryAttemptsExample(
      String projectId, String subscriptionId) {

    ProjectSubscriptionName subscriptionName =
        ProjectSubscriptionName.of(projectId, subscriptionId);

    // Instantiate an asynchronous message receiver.
    MessageReceiver receiver =
        new MessageReceiver() {
          @Override
          public void receiveMessage(PubsubMessage message, AckReplyConsumer consumer) {
            // Handle incoming message, then ack the received message.
            System.out.println("Id: " + message.getMessageId());
            System.out.println("Data: " + message.getData().toStringUtf8());
            System.out.println("Delivery Attempt: " + Subscriber.getDeliveryAttempt(message));
            consumer.ack();
          }
        };

    Subscriber subscriber = null;
    try {
      subscriber = Subscriber.newBuilder(subscriptionName, receiver).build();
      // Start the subscriber.
      subscriber.startAsync().awaitRunning();
      System.out.printf("Listening for messages on %s:\n", subscriptionName.toString());
      // Allow the subscriber to run for 30s unless an unrecoverable error occurs.
      subscriber.awaitTerminated(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    } catch (TimeoutException timeoutException) {
      // Shut down the subscriber after 30s. Stop receiving messages.
      subscriber.stopAsync();
    }
  }
}

Node.js

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library. v1 is for the lower level
// proto access.
const {v1} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Creates a client; cache this for further use.
const subClient = new v1.SubscriberClient();

async function synchronousPullWithDeliveryAttempts(
  projectId,
  subscriptionNameOrId
) {
  // The low level API client requires a name only.
  const formattedSubscription =
    subscriptionNameOrId.indexOf('/') >= 0
      ? subscriptionNameOrId
      : subClient.subscriptionPath(projectId, subscriptionNameOrId);

  // The maximum number of messages returned for this request.
  // Pub/Sub may return fewer than the number specified.
  const request = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    maxMessages: 10,
  };

  // The subscriber pulls a specified number of messages.
  const [response] = await subClient.pull(request);

  // Process the messages.
  const ackIds = [];
  for (const message of response.receivedMessages || []) {
    console.log(`Received message: ${message.message.data}`);
    console.log(`Delivery Attempt: ${message.deliveryAttempt}`);
    if (message.ackId) {
      ackIds.push(message.ackId);
    }
  }

  // Acknowledge all of the messages. You could also acknowledge
  // these individually, but this is more efficient.
  const ackRequest = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    ackIds: ackIds,
  };
  await subClient.acknowledge(ackRequest);

  console.log('Done.');
}

Node.js

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library. v1 is for the lower level
// proto access.
import {v1} from '@google-cloud/pubsub';

// Creates a client; cache this for further use.
const subClient = new v1.SubscriberClient();

async function synchronousPullWithDeliveryAttempts(
  projectId: string,
  subscriptionNameOrId: string
) {
  // The low level API client requires a name only.
  const formattedSubscription =
    subscriptionNameOrId.indexOf('/') >= 0
      ? subscriptionNameOrId
      : subClient.subscriptionPath(projectId, subscriptionNameOrId);

  // The maximum number of messages returned for this request.
  // Pub/Sub may return fewer than the number specified.
  const request = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    maxMessages: 10,
  };

  // The subscriber pulls a specified number of messages.
  const [response] = await subClient.pull(request);

  // Process the messages.
  const ackIds: string[] = [];
  for (const message of response.receivedMessages ?? []) {
    console.log(`Received message: ${message.message?.data}`);
    console.log(`Delivery Attempt: ${message.deliveryAttempt}`);
    if (message.ackId) {
      ackIds.push(message.ackId);
    }
  }

  // Acknowledge all of the messages. You could also acknowledge
  // these individually, but this is more efficient.
  const ackRequest = {
    subscription: formattedSubscription,
    ackIds: ackIds,
  };
  await subClient.acknowledge(ackRequest);

  console.log('Done.');
}

PHP

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de PHP que se encuentran en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub PHP.

use Google\Cloud\PubSub\Message;
use Google\Cloud\PubSub\PubSubClient;

/**
 * Get the delivery attempt from a pulled message.
 *
 * @param string $projectId  The Google project ID.
 * @param string $topicName  The Pub/Sub topic name.
 * @param string $subscriptionName  The Pub/Sub subscription name.
 * @param string $message The contents of a pubsub message data field.
 */
function dead_letter_delivery_attempt($projectId, $topicName, $subscriptionName, $message)
{
    $pubsub = new PubSubClient([
        'projectId' => $projectId,
    ]);

    $topic = $pubsub->topic($topicName);

    // publish test message
    $topic->publish(new Message([
        'data' => $message
    ]));

    $subscription = $topic->subscription($subscriptionName);
    $messages = $subscription->pull();

    foreach ($messages as $message) {
        printf('Received message %s' . PHP_EOL, $message->data());
        printf('Delivery attempt %d' . PHP_EOL, $message->deliveryAttempt());
    }
    print('Done' . PHP_EOL);
}

Python

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Python que se encuentran en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub Python.

from concurrent.futures import TimeoutError
from google.cloud import pubsub_v1

# TODO(developer)
# project_id = "your-project-id"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"

subscriber = pubsub_v1.SubscriberClient()
subscription_path = subscriber.subscription_path(project_id, subscription_id)

def callback(message: pubsub_v1.subscriber.message.Message) -> None:
    print(f"Received {message}.")
    print(f"With delivery attempts: {message.delivery_attempt}.")
    message.ack()

streaming_pull_future = subscriber.subscribe(subscription_path, callback=callback)
print(f"Listening for messages on {subscription_path}..\n")

# Wrap subscriber in a 'with' block to automatically call close() when done.
with subscriber:
    # When `timeout` is not set, result() will block indefinitely,
    # unless an exception is encountered first.
    try:
        streaming_pull_future.result(timeout=timeout)
    except TimeoutError:
        streaming_pull_future.cancel()  # Trigger the shutdown.
        streaming_pull_future.result()  # Block until the shutdown is complete.

Ruby

Antes de probar esta muestra, sigue las instrucciones de configuración de Ruby que se encuentran en la guía de inicio rápido de Pub/Sub con bibliotecas cliente. Si quieres obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de Pub/Sub Ruby.

# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"

pubsub = Google::Cloud::Pubsub.new

subscription = pubsub.subscription subscription_id
subscription.pull(immediate: false).each do |message|
  puts "Received message: #{message.data}"
  puts "Delivery Attempt: #{message.delivery_attempt}"
  message.acknowledge!
end

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