轮替密钥

本页面介绍了如何自动或手动轮替密钥。如需了解有关密钥轮替的一般信息，请参阅密钥轮替。

所需的角色

如需获取轮替密钥所需的权限，请让管理员授予您针对密钥的以下 IAM 角色：

• Cloud KMS 管理员 (roles/cloudkms.admin)
• 重新加密数据： Cloud KMS CryptoKey Encrypter/Decrypter (roles/cloudkms.cryptoKeyEncrypterDecrypter)

如需详细了解如何授予角色，请参阅管理访问权限。

这些预定义角色包含轮替密钥所需的权限。如需查看所需的确切权限，请展开所需权限部分：

所需权限

需要以下权限才能轮替密钥：

• 更改主密钥版本： cloudkms.cryptoKeys.update
• 更改或停用自动屏幕旋转： cloudkms.cryptoKeys.update
• 创建新的密钥版本： cloudkms.cryptoKeyVersions.create
• 停用旧密钥版本： cloudkms.cryptoKeyVersions.update
• 重新加密数据：
  • cloudkms.cryptoKeyVersions.useToDecrypt
  • cloudkms.cryptoKeyVersions.useToEncrypt

您也可以使用自定义角色或其他预定义角色来获取这些权限。

拥有包含所有这些权限的自定义角色的单个用户可以自行轮替密钥并重新加密数据。拥有 Cloud KMS Admin 角色和 Cloud KMS CryptoKey Encrypter/Decrypter 角色的用户可以协同轮替密钥并重新加密数据。分配角色时，请遵循最小权限原则。如需了解详情，请参阅权限和角色。

轮替密钥时，使用先前的密钥版本加密的数据不会自动重新加密。如需了解详情，请参阅解密和重新加密。轮替密钥不会自动停用或destroy任何现有密钥版本。

配置自动轮替

注意 ：非对称签名或非对称加密密钥不支持自动轮替。如需了解详情，请参阅非对称密钥的注意事项。

要在创建新密钥时配置自动轮替，请执行以下操作：

控制台

当您使用 Google Cloud 控制台创建密钥时，Cloud KMS 会自动设置轮替周期和下次轮替时间。您可以选择使用默认值或指定不同的值。

如需在创建密钥时，但在点击创建按钮之前指定其他轮替周期和开始时间，请执行以下操作：

1. 在密钥轮替周期部分，选择一个选项。

2. 在开始日期部分，选择您希望发生首次自动轮替的日期。您可以保留开始的默认值，以便在创建密钥后开始一个密钥轮替周期的第一次自动轮替。

gcloud

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

gcloud kms keys create KEY_NAME \
    --keyring KEY_RING \
    --location LOCATION \
    --purpose "encryption" \
    --rotation-period ROTATION_PERIOD \
    --next-rotation-time NEXT_ROTATION_TIME

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。
• ROTATION_PERIOD：密钥轮替的时间间隔，例如 30d 表示每 30 天轮替一次密钥。轮替周期必须至少为 1 天，最长为 100 年。如需了解详情，请参阅 CryptoKey.rotationPeriod。
• NEXT_ROTATION_TIME：完成第一次旋转的时间戳，例如 "2023-01-01T01:02:03"。您可以省略 --next-rotation-time 来安排首次轮替运行命令后的 7 天。如需了解详情，请参阅 CryptoKey.nextRotationTime。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS C# SDK。

using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;
using System;

public class CreateKeyRotationScheduleSample
{
    public CryptoKey CreateKeyRotationSchedule(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring",
      string id = "my-key-with-rotation-schedule")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the parent key ring name.
        KeyRingName keyRingName = new KeyRingName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

        // Build the key.
        CryptoKey key = new CryptoKey
        {
            Purpose = CryptoKey.Types.CryptoKeyPurpose.EncryptDecrypt,
            VersionTemplate = new CryptoKeyVersionTemplate
            {
                Algorithm = CryptoKeyVersion.Types.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.GoogleSymmetricEncryption,
            },

            // Rotate the key every 30 days.
            RotationPeriod = new Duration
            {
                Seconds = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30, // 30 days
            },

            // Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
            NextRotationTime = new Timestamp
            {
                Seconds = new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.UtcNow.AddHours(24)).ToUnixTimeSeconds(),
            }
        };

        // Call the API.
        CryptoKey result = client.CreateCryptoKey(keyRingName, id, key);

        // Return the result.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

要运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Go SDK。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
)

// createKeyRotationSchedule creates a key with a rotation schedule.
func createKeyRotationSchedule(w io.Writer, parent, id string) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring"
	// id := "my-key-with-rotation-schedule"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.CreateCryptoKeyRequest{
		Parent:      parent,
		CryptoKeyId: id,
		CryptoKey: &kmspb.CryptoKey{
			Purpose: kmspb.CryptoKey_ENCRYPT_DECRYPT,
			VersionTemplate: &kmspb.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate{
				Algorithm: kmspb.CryptoKeyVersion_GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION,
			},

			// Rotate the key every 30 days
			RotationSchedule: &kmspb.CryptoKey_RotationPeriod{
				RotationPeriod: &durationpb.Duration{
					Seconds: int64(60 * 60 * 24 * 30), // 30 days
				},
			},

			// Start the first rotation in 24 hours
			NextRotationTime: &timestamppb.Timestamp{
				Seconds: time.Now().Add(24 * time.Hour).Unix(),
			},
		},
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.CreateCryptoKey(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create key: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created key: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Java SDK。

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyRingName;
import com.google.protobuf.Duration;
import com.google.protobuf.Timestamp;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;

public class CreateKeyRotationSchedule {

  public void createKeyRotationSchedule() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String id = "my-key";
    createKeyRotationSchedule(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, id);
  }

  // Create a new key that automatically rotates on a schedule.
  public void createKeyRotationSchedule(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String id) throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the parent name from the project, location, and key ring.
      KeyRingName keyRingName = KeyRingName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

      // Calculate the date 24 hours from now (this is used below).
      long tomorrow = java.time.Instant.now().plus(24, ChronoUnit.HOURS).getEpochSecond();

      // Build the key to create with a rotation schedule.
      CryptoKey key =
          CryptoKey.newBuilder()
              .setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose.ENCRYPT_DECRYPT)
              .setVersionTemplate(
                  CryptoKeyVersionTemplate.newBuilder()
                      .setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION))

              // Rotate every 30 days.
              .setRotationPeriod(
                  Duration.newBuilder().setSeconds(java.time.Duration.ofDays(30).getSeconds()))

              // Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
              .setNextRotationTime(Timestamp.newBuilder().setSeconds(tomorrow))
              .build();

      // Create the key.
      CryptoKey createdKey = client.createCryptoKey(keyRingName, id, key);
      System.out.printf("Created key with rotation schedule %s%n", createdKey.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Node.js SDK。

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const id = 'my-rotating-encryption-key';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the parent key ring name
const keyRingName = client.keyRingPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId);

async function createKeyRotationSchedule() {
  const [key] = await client.createCryptoKey({
    parent: keyRingName,
    cryptoKeyId: id,
    cryptoKey: {
      purpose: 'ENCRYPT_DECRYPT',
      versionTemplate: {
        algorithm: 'GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION',
      },

      // Rotate the key every 30 days.
      rotationPeriod: {
        seconds: 60 * 60 * 24 * 30,
      },

      // Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
      nextRotationTime: {
        seconds: new Date().getTime() / 1000 + 60 * 60 * 24,
      },
    },
  });

  console.log(`Created rotating key: ${key.name}`);
  return key;
}

return createKeyRotationSchedule();

PHP

要运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP 并安装 Cloud KMS PHP SDK。

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CreateCryptoKeyRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey\CryptoKeyPurpose;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersion\CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
use Google\Protobuf\Duration;
use Google\Protobuf\Timestamp;

function create_key_rotation_schedule(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $id = 'my-key-with-rotation-schedule'
): CryptoKey {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the parent key ring name.
    $keyRingName = $client->keyRingName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId);

    // Build the key.
    $key = (new CryptoKey())
        ->setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose::ENCRYPT_DECRYPT)
        ->setVersionTemplate((new CryptoKeyVersionTemplate())
            ->setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm::GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION))

        // Rotate the key every 30 days.
        ->setRotationPeriod((new Duration())
            ->setSeconds(60 * 60 * 24 * 30)
        )

        // Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
        ->setNextRotationTime((new Timestamp())
            ->setSeconds(time() + 60 * 60 * 24)
        );

    // Call the API.
    $createCryptoKeyRequest = (new CreateCryptoKeyRequest())
        ->setParent($keyRingName)
        ->setCryptoKeyId($id)
        ->setCryptoKey($key);
    $createdKey = $client->createCryptoKey($createCryptoKeyRequest);
    printf('Created key with rotation: %s' . PHP_EOL, $createdKey->getName());

    return $createdKey;
}

Python

要运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Python SDK。

import time

from google.cloud import kms

def create_key_rotation_schedule(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str
) -> kms.CryptoKey:
    """
    Creates a new key in Cloud KMS that automatically rotates.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to create (e.g. 'my-rotating-key').

    Returns:
        CryptoKey: Cloud KMS key.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the parent key ring name.
    key_ring_name = client.key_ring_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id)

    # Build the key.
    purpose = kms.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose.ENCRYPT_DECRYPT
    algorithm = (
        kms.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION
    )
    key = {
        "purpose": purpose,
        "version_template": {
            "algorithm": algorithm,
        },
        # Rotate the key every 30 days.
        "rotation_period": {"seconds": 60 * 60 * 24 * 30},
        # Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
        "next_rotation_time": {"seconds": int(time.time()) + 60 * 60 * 24},
    }

    # Call the API.
    created_key = client.create_crypto_key(
        request={"parent": key_ring_name, "crypto_key_id": key_id, "crypto_key": key}
    )
    print(f"Created labeled key: {created_key.name}")
    return created_key

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Ruby SDK。

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# id          = "my-key-with-rotation"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key ring name.
key_ring_name = client.key_ring_path project: project_id, location: location_id, key_ring: key_ring_id

# Build the key.
key = {
  purpose:            :ENCRYPT_DECRYPT,
  version_template:   {
    algorithm: :GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION
  },

  # Rotate the key every 30 days.
  rotation_period:    {
    seconds: 60 * 60 * 24 * 30
  },

  # Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
  next_rotation_time: {
    seconds: (Time.now + (60 * 60 * 24)).to_i
  }
}

# Call the API.
created_key = client.create_crypto_key parent: key_ring_name, crypto_key_id: id, crypto_key: key
puts "Created rotating key: #{created_key.name}"

API

这些示例使用 curl 作为 HTTP 客户端来演示如何使用 API。如需详细了解访问权限控制，请参阅访问 Cloud KMS API。

如需创建密钥，请使用 CryptoKey.create 方法：

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/keyRings/KEY_RING/cryptoKeys?crypto_key_id=KEY_NAME" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer TOKEN" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data '{"purpose": "PURPOSE", "rotationPeriod": "ROTATION_PERIOD", "nextRotationTime": "NEXT_ROTATION_TIME"}'

替换以下内容：

• PURPOSE：密钥的用途。
• ROTATION_PERIOD：密钥轮替的时间间隔，例如 30d 表示每 30 天轮替一次密钥。轮替周期必须至少为 1 天，最长为 100 年。如需了解详情，请参阅 CryptoKey.rotationPeriod。
• NEXT_ROTATION_TIME：完成第一次旋转的时间戳，例如 "2023-01-01T01:02:03"。您可以省略 --next-rotation-time 来安排首次轮替运行命令后的 7 天。如需了解详情，请参阅 CryptoKey.nextRotationTime。

要为现有密钥配置自动轮替，请执行以下操作：

控制台

1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的密钥管理页面。

   前往“密钥管理”页面

2. 点击包含要为其添加轮替时间表的密钥的密钥环的名称。

3. 点击要为其添加轮替时间表的密钥。

4. 在标头中，点击修改轮替周期。

5. 在提示中，为轮替周期和开始日期字段选择新值。

6. 在提示中，点击保存。

gcloud

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

gcloud kms keys update KEY_NAME \
    --location LOCATION \
    --keyring KEY_RING \
    --rotation-period ROTATION_PERIOD \
    --next-rotation-time NEXT_ROTATION_TIME

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。
• ROTATION_PERIOD：密钥轮替的时间间隔，例如 30d 表示每 30 天轮替一次密钥。轮替周期必须至少为 1 天，最长为 100 年。如需了解详情，请参阅 CryptoKey.rotationPeriod。
• NEXT_ROTATION_TIME：完成第一次旋转的时间戳，例如 "2023-01-01T01:02:03"。您可以省略 --next-rotation-time 来安排首次轮替运行命令后的 7 天。如需了解详情，请参阅 CryptoKey.nextRotationTime。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS C# SDK。

using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;
using System;

public class UpdateKeyAddRotationSample
{
    public CryptoKey UpdateKeyAddRotation(string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the key.
        CryptoKey key = new CryptoKey
        {
            // Provide the name of the key to update.
            CryptoKeyName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId),

            // Rotate the key every 30 days.
            RotationPeriod = new Duration
            {
                Seconds = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30, // 30 days
            },

            // Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
            NextRotationTime = new Timestamp
            {
                Seconds = new DateTimeOffset(DateTime.UtcNow.AddHours(24)).ToUnixTimeSeconds(),
            }
        };

        // Build the update mask.
        FieldMask fieldMask = new FieldMask
        {
            Paths = { "rotation_period", "next_rotation_time" },
        };

        // Call the API.
        CryptoKey result = client.UpdateCryptoKey(key, fieldMask);

        // Return the updated key.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

要运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Go SDK。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
	fieldmask "google.golang.org/genproto/protobuf/field_mask"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
)

// addRotationSchedule updates a key to add a rotation schedule. If the key
// already has a rotation schedule, it is overwritten.
func addRotationSchedule(w io.Writer, name string) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.UpdateCryptoKeyRequest{
		CryptoKey: &kmspb.CryptoKey{
			// Provide the name of the key to update
			Name: name,

			// Rotate the key every 30 days
			RotationSchedule: &kmspb.CryptoKey_RotationPeriod{
				RotationPeriod: &durationpb.Duration{
					Seconds: int64(60 * 60 * 24 * 30), // 30 days
				},
			},

			// Start the first rotation in 24 hours
			NextRotationTime: &timestamppb.Timestamp{
				Seconds: time.Now().Add(24 * time.Hour).Unix(),
			},
		},
		UpdateMask: &fieldmask.FieldMask{
			Paths: []string{"rotation_period", "next_rotation_time"},
		},
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.UpdateCryptoKey(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update key: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated key: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Java SDK。

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey.CryptoKeyPurpose;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersion.CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersionTemplate;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.protobuf.Duration;
import com.google.protobuf.FieldMask;
import com.google.protobuf.Timestamp;
import com.google.protobuf.util.FieldMaskUtil;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;

public class UpdateKeyAddRotation {

  public void updateKeyAddRotation() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    updateKeyAddRotation(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);
  }

  // Update a key to add or change a rotation schedule.
  public void updateKeyAddRotation(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId) throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the name from the project, location, and key ring.
      CryptoKeyName cryptoKeyName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // Calculate the date 24 hours from now (this is used below).
      long tomorrow = java.time.Instant.now().plus(24, ChronoUnit.HOURS).getEpochSecond();

      // Build the key to update with a rotation schedule.
      CryptoKey key =
          CryptoKey.newBuilder()
              .setName(cryptoKeyName.toString())
              .setPurpose(CryptoKeyPurpose.ENCRYPT_DECRYPT)
              .setVersionTemplate(
                  CryptoKeyVersionTemplate.newBuilder()
                      .setAlgorithm(CryptoKeyVersionAlgorithm.GOOGLE_SYMMETRIC_ENCRYPTION))

              // Rotate every 30 days.
              .setRotationPeriod(
                  Duration.newBuilder().setSeconds(java.time.Duration.ofDays(30).getSeconds()))

              // Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
              .setNextRotationTime(Timestamp.newBuilder().setSeconds(tomorrow))
              .build();

      // Construct the field mask.
      FieldMask fieldMask = FieldMaskUtil.fromString("rotation_period,next_rotation_time");

      // Update the key.
      CryptoKey updatedKey = client.updateCryptoKey(key, fieldMask);
      System.out.printf("Updated key %s%n", updatedKey.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Node.js SDK。

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';
// const versionId = '123';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the key name
const keyName = client.cryptoKeyPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

async function updateKeyAddRotation() {
  const [key] = await client.updateCryptoKey({
    cryptoKey: {
      name: keyName,

      // Rotate the key every 30 days.
      rotationPeriod: {
        seconds: 60 * 60 * 24 * 30,
      },

      // Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
      nextRotationTime: {
        seconds: new Date().getTime() / 1000 + 60 * 60 * 24,
      },
    },
    updateMask: {
      paths: ['rotation_period', 'next_rotation_time'],
    },
  });

  console.log(`Updated rotation for: ${key.name}`);
  return key;
}

return updateKeyAddRotation();

PHP

要运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP 并安装 Cloud KMS PHP SDK。

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\UpdateCryptoKeyRequest;
use Google\Protobuf\Duration;
use Google\Protobuf\FieldMask;
use Google\Protobuf\Timestamp;

function update_key_add_rotation(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key'
): CryptoKey {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the key name.
    $keyName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // Build the key.
    $key = (new CryptoKey())
        ->setName($keyName)

        // Rotate the key every 30 days.
        ->setRotationPeriod((new Duration())
            ->setSeconds(60 * 60 * 24 * 30)
        )

        // Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
        ->setNextRotationTime((new Timestamp())
            ->setSeconds(time() + 60 * 60 * 24)
        );

    // Create the field mask.
    $updateMask = (new FieldMask())
        ->setPaths(['rotation_period', 'next_rotation_time']);

    // Call the API.
    $updateCryptoKeyRequest = (new UpdateCryptoKeyRequest())
        ->setCryptoKey($key)
        ->setUpdateMask($updateMask);
    $updatedKey = $client->updateCryptoKey($updateCryptoKeyRequest);
    printf('Updated key: %s' . PHP_EOL, $updatedKey->getName());

    return $updatedKey;
}

Python

要运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Python SDK。

import time

from google.cloud import kms

def update_key_add_rotation(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str
) -> kms.CryptoKey:
    """
    Add a rotation schedule to an existing key.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').

    Returns:
        CryptoKey: Updated Cloud KMS key.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the key name.
    key_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    key = {
        "name": key_name,
        "rotation_period": {
            "seconds": 60 * 60 * 24 * 30  # Rotate the key every 30 days.
        },
        "next_rotation_time": {
            "seconds": int(time.time())
            + 60 * 60 * 24  # Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
        },
    }

    # Build the update mask.
    update_mask = {"paths": ["rotation_period", "next_rotation_time"]}

    # Call the API.
    updated_key = client.update_crypto_key(
        request={"crypto_key": key, "update_mask": update_mask}
    )
    print(f"Updated key: {updated_key.name}")
    return updated_key

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Ruby SDK。

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key name.
key_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                  location:   location_id,
                                  key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                  crypto_key: key_id

# Build the key.
key = {
  name:               key_name,

  # Rotate the key every 30 days.
  rotation_period:    {
    seconds: 60 * 60 * 24 * 30
  },

  # Start the first rotation in 24 hours.
  next_rotation_time: {
    seconds: (Time.now + (60 * 60 * 24)).to_i
  }
}

# Build the field mask.
update_mask = { paths: ["rotation_period", "next_rotation_time"] }

# Call the API.
updated_key = client.update_crypto_key crypto_key: key, update_mask: update_mask
puts "Updated key: #{updated_key.name}"

API

这些示例使用 curl 作为 HTTP 客户端来演示如何使用 API。如需详细了解访问权限控制，请参阅访问 Cloud KMS API。

如需更新密钥，请使用 CryptoKey.patch 方法：

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/keyRings/KEY_RING/cryptoKeys/KEY_NAME?updateMask=rotationPeriod,nextRotationTime" \
    --request "PATCH" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer TOKEN" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data '{"rotationPeriod": "ROTATION_PERIOD", "nextRotationTime": "NEXT_ROTATION_TIME"}'

替换以下内容：

• ROTATION_PERIOD：密钥轮替的时间间隔，例如 30d 表示每 30 天轮替一次密钥。轮替周期必须至少为 1 天，最长为 100 年。如需了解详情，请参阅 CryptoKey.rotationPeriod。
• NEXT_ROTATION_TIME：完成第一次旋转的时间戳，例如 "2023-01-01T01:02:03"。您可以省略 --next-rotation-time 来安排首次轮替运行命令后的 7 天。如需了解详情，请参阅 CryptoKey.nextRotationTime。

手动轮替密钥

首先，创建一个新的密钥版本：

控制台

1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的密钥管理页面。

   前往“密钥管理”页面

2. 点击将为其创建新密钥版本的密钥所在密钥环的名称。

3. 点击将为其创建新密钥版本的密钥。

4. 在标题中点击轮替。

5. 在提示中，点击轮替进行确认。

gcloud

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

gcloud kms keys versions create \
    --key KEY_NAME \
    --keyring KEY_RING \
    --location LOCATION

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。

密钥版本按顺序编号。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS C# SDK。

using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;

public class CreateKeyVersionSample
{
    public CryptoKeyVersion CreateKeyVersion(string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the parent key name.
        CryptoKeyName keyName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

        // Build the key version.
        CryptoKeyVersion keyVersion = new CryptoKeyVersion { };

        // Call the API.
        CryptoKeyVersion result = client.CreateCryptoKeyVersion(keyName, keyVersion);

        // Return the result.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

要运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Go SDK。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
)

// createKeyVersion creates a new key version for the given key.
func createKeyVersion(w io.Writer, parent string) error {
	// parent := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.CreateCryptoKeyVersionRequest{
		Parent: parent,
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.CreateCryptoKeyVersion(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create key version: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created key version: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Java SDK。

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyVersion;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateKeyVersion {

  public void createKeyVersion() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    createKeyVersion(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);
  }

  // Create a new key version.
  public void createKeyVersion(String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the parent name from the project, location, and key ring.
      CryptoKeyName cryptoKeyName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // Build the key version to create.
      CryptoKeyVersion keyVersion = CryptoKeyVersion.newBuilder().build();

      // Create the key.
      CryptoKeyVersion createdVersion = client.createCryptoKeyVersion(cryptoKeyName, keyVersion);
      System.out.printf("Created key version %s%n", createdVersion.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Node.js SDK。

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the parent key name
const keyName = client.cryptoKeyPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

async function createKeyVersion() {
  const [version] = await client.createCryptoKeyVersion({
    parent: keyName,
  });

  console.log(`Created key version: ${version.name}`);
  return version;
}

return createKeyVersion();

PHP

要运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP 并安装 Cloud KMS PHP SDK。

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CreateCryptoKeyVersionRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKeyVersion;

function create_key_version(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key'
): CryptoKeyVersion {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the parent key name.
    $keyName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // Build the key version.
    $version = new CryptoKeyVersion();

    // Call the API.
    $createCryptoKeyVersionRequest = (new CreateCryptoKeyVersionRequest())
        ->setParent($keyName)
        ->setCryptoKeyVersion($version);
    $createdVersion = $client->createCryptoKeyVersion($createCryptoKeyVersionRequest);
    printf('Created key version: %s' . PHP_EOL, $createdVersion->getName());

    return $createdVersion;
}

Python

要运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Python SDK。

from google.cloud import kms

def create_key_version(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str
) -> kms.CryptoKey:
    """
    Creates a new version of the given key.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key for which to create a new version (e.g. 'my-key').

    Returns:
        CryptoKeyVersion: Cloud KMS key version.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the parent key name.
    key_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    # Build the key version.
    version = {}

    # Call the API.
    created_version = client.create_crypto_key_version(
        request={"parent": key_name, "crypto_key_version": version}
    )
    print(f"Created key version: {created_version.name}")
    return created_version

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Ruby SDK。

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key name.
key_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                  location:   location_id,
                                  key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                  crypto_key: key_id

# Build the version.
version = {}

# Call the API.
created_version = client.create_crypto_key_version parent: key_name, crypto_key_version: version
puts "Created key version: #{created_version.name}"

API

这些示例使用 curl 作为 HTTP 客户端来演示如何使用 API。如需详细了解访问权限控制，请参阅访问 Cloud KMS API。

如需手动轮替密钥，请先通过调用 CryptoKeyVersions.create 方法创建新的密钥版本。

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/keyRings/KEY_RING/cryptoKeys/KEY_NAME/cryptoKeyVersions" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer TOKEN"

此命令会创建一个新的密钥版本，但不会将其设置为主要版本。

如需将新密钥版本设置为主密钥版本，请参阅将现有版本设置为主密钥版本。

如有必要，使用先前的密钥版本重新加密数据。

将现有版本设置为主密钥版本

要将不同的密钥版本设置为密钥的主要版本，请使用新的主要版本信息更新密钥。您必须先启用密钥版本，然后才能将其配置为主要版本。

控制台

1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的密钥管理页面。

   前往“密钥管理”页面

2. 点击要更新其主要版本的密钥所在密钥环的名称。

3. 点击要更新其主要版本的密钥。

4. 在要设为主要版本的密钥版本对应的行上，点击查看更多 。

5. 点击菜单中的设为主要版本。

6. 在确认提示中，点击设为主要版本。

gcloud

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

gcloud kms keys update KEY_NAME \
    --keyring KEY_RING \
    --location LOCATION \
    --primary-version KEY_VERSION

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。
• KEY_VERSION：新主密钥版本的版本号。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS C# SDK。

using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;

public class UpdateKeySetPrimarySample
{
    public CryptoKey UpdateKeySetPrimary(
      string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key",
      string keyVersionId = "123")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the key name.
        CryptoKeyName keyName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

        // Call the API.
        CryptoKey result = client.UpdateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersion(keyName, keyVersionId);

        // Return the updated key.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

要运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Go SDK。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
)

// updateKeySetPrimary updates the primary key version on a Cloud KMS key.
func updateKeySetPrimary(w io.Writer, name, version string) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"
	// version := "123"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.UpdateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersionRequest{
		Name:               name,
		CryptoKeyVersionId: version,
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.UpdateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersion(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update key: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated key primary: %s\n", result.Name)

	return nil
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Java SDK。

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import java.io.IOException;

public class UpdateKeySetPrimary {

  public void updateKeySetPrimary() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    String keyVersionId = "123";
    updateKeySetPrimary(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId, keyVersionId);
  }

  // Update a key's primary version.
  public void updateKeySetPrimary(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId, String keyVersionId)
      throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the name from the project, location, key ring, and keyId.
      CryptoKeyName cryptoKeyName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // Create the key.
      CryptoKey createdKey = client.updateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersion(cryptoKeyName, keyVersionId);
      System.out.printf("Updated key primary version %s%n", createdKey.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Node.js SDK。

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';
// const versionId = '123';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the key name
const keyName = client.cryptoKeyPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

async function updateKeySetPrimary() {
  const [key] = await client.updateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersion({
    name: keyName,
    cryptoKeyVersionId: versionId,
  });

  console.log(`Set primary to ${versionId}`);
  return key;
}

return updateKeySetPrimary();

PHP

要运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP 并安装 Cloud KMS PHP SDK。

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\UpdateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersionRequest;

function update_key_set_primary(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key',
    string $versionId = '123'
) {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the key name.
    $keyName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // Call the API.
    $updateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersionRequest = (new UpdateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersionRequest())
        ->setName($keyName)
        ->setCryptoKeyVersionId($versionId);
    $updatedKey = $client->updateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersion($updateCryptoKeyPrimaryVersionRequest);
    printf('Updated primary %s to %s' . PHP_EOL, $updatedKey->getName(), $versionId);

    return $updatedKey;
}

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Ruby SDK。

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"
# version_id  = "123"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key name.
key_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                  location:   location_id,
                                  key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                  crypto_key: key_id

# Call the API.
updated_key = client.update_crypto_key_primary_version name: key_name, crypto_key_version_id: version_id
puts "Updated primary #{updated_key.name} to #{version_id}"

Python

要运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Python SDK。

from google.cloud import kms

def update_key_set_primary(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str, version_id: str
) -> kms.CryptoKey:
    """
    Update the primary version of a key.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').
        version_id (string): ID of the key to make primary (e.g. '2').

    Returns:
        CryptoKey: Updated Cloud KMS key.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the key name.
    key_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    # Call the API.
    updated_key = client.update_crypto_key_primary_version(
        request={"name": key_name, "crypto_key_version_id": version_id}
    )
    print(f"Updated {updated_key.name} primary to {version_id}")
    return updated_key

API

这些示例使用 curl 作为 HTTP 客户端来演示如何使用 API。如需详细了解访问权限控制，请参阅访问 Cloud KMS API。

通过调用 CryptoKey.updatePrimaryVersion 方法更改主密钥版本。

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/keyRings/KEY_RING/cryptoKeys/KEY_NAME:updatePrimaryVersion" \
    --request "POST" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer TOKEN" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data '{"cryptoKeyVersionId": "KEY_VERSION"}'

替换以下内容：

• PROJECT_ID：包含密钥环的项目的 ID。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_VERSION：新主密钥版本的版本号。

更改主密钥版本后，更改通常会在 1 分钟内保持一致。不过，在特殊情况下，此更改最长可能需要 3 小时才能生效。在此期间，系统可能会使用之前的主要版本来加密数据。如需了解详情，请参阅 Cloud KMS 资源一致性。

停用自动轮替

要停用密钥的自动轮替，请清除密钥的轮替计划：

控制台

1. 转到 Google Cloud 控制台中的密钥管理页面。

   前往“密钥管理”页面

2. 点击包含要移除轮替时间表的密钥的密钥环的名称。

3. 点击要从中移除轮替时间表的密钥。

4. 在标头中，点击修改轮替周期。

5. 在提示中，点击轮替周期字段，然后选择永不（手动轮替）。

6. 在提示中，点击保存。

gcloud

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

gcloud kms keys update KEY_NAME \
    --keyring KEY_RING \
    --location LOCATION \
    --remove-rotation-schedule

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

C#

要运行此代码，请先设置 C# 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS C# SDK。

using Google.Cloud.Kms.V1;
using Google.Protobuf.WellKnownTypes;

public class UpdateKeyRemoveRotationSample
{
    public CryptoKey UpdateKeyRemoveRotation(string projectId = "my-project", string locationId = "us-east1", string keyRingId = "my-key-ring", string keyId = "my-key")
    {
        // Create the client.
        KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.Create();

        // Build the key.
        CryptoKey key = new CryptoKey
        {
            CryptoKeyName = new CryptoKeyName(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId),
            RotationPeriod = null,
            NextRotationTime = null,
        };

        // Build the update mask.
        FieldMask fieldMask = new FieldMask
        {
            Paths = { "rotation_period", "next_rotation_time" },
        };

        // Call the API.
        CryptoKey result = client.UpdateCryptoKey(key, fieldMask);

        // Return the updated key.
        return result;
    }
}

Go

要运行此代码，请先设置 Go 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Go SDK。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	kms "cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1"
	"cloud.google.com/go/kms/apiv1/kmspb"
	fieldmask "google.golang.org/genproto/protobuf/field_mask"
)

// removeRotationSchedule updates a key to remove a rotation schedule, if one
// exists.
func removeRotationSchedule(w io.Writer, name string) error {
	// name := "projects/my-project/locations/us-east1/keyRings/my-key-ring/cryptoKeys/my-key"

	// Create the client.
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := kms.NewKeyManagementClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create kms client: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	// Build the request.
	req := &kmspb.UpdateCryptoKeyRequest{
		CryptoKey: &kmspb.CryptoKey{
			// Provide the name of the key to update
			Name: name,

			// Remove any rotation fields.
			RotationSchedule: nil,
			NextRotationTime: nil,
		},
		UpdateMask: &fieldmask.FieldMask{
			Paths: []string{"rotation_period", "next_rotation_time"},
		},
	}

	// Call the API.
	result, err := client.UpdateCryptoKey(ctx, req)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update key: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Updated key: %s\n", result.Name)
	return nil
}

Java

要运行此代码，请先设置 Java 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Java SDK。

import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKey;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.CryptoKeyName;
import com.google.cloud.kms.v1.KeyManagementServiceClient;
import com.google.protobuf.FieldMask;
import com.google.protobuf.util.FieldMaskUtil;
import java.io.IOException;

public class UpdateKeyRemoveRotation {

  public void updateKeyRemoveRotation() throws IOException {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String locationId = "us-east1";
    String keyRingId = "my-key-ring";
    String keyId = "my-key";
    updateKeyRemoveRotation(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);
  }

  // Update a key to remove all labels.
  public void updateKeyRemoveRotation(
      String projectId, String locationId, String keyRingId, String keyId) throws IOException {
    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only
    // needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After
    // completing all of your requests, call the "close" method on the client to
    // safely clean up any remaining background resources.
    try (KeyManagementServiceClient client = KeyManagementServiceClient.create()) {
      // Build the name from the project, location, key ring, and keyId.
      CryptoKeyName cryptoKeyName = CryptoKeyName.of(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

      // Build an empty key with no labels.
      CryptoKey key =
          CryptoKey.newBuilder()
              .setName(cryptoKeyName.toString())
              .clearRotationPeriod()
              .clearNextRotationTime()
              .build();

      // Construct the field mask.
      FieldMask fieldMask = FieldMaskUtil.fromString("rotation_period,next_rotation_time");

      // Create the key.
      CryptoKey createdKey = client.updateCryptoKey(key, fieldMask);
      System.out.printf("Updated key %s%n", createdKey.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

要运行此代码，请先设置 Node.js 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Node.js SDK。

//
// TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
//
// const projectId = 'my-project';
// const locationId = 'us-east1';
// const keyRingId = 'my-key-ring';
// const keyId = 'my-key';

// Imports the Cloud KMS library
const {KeyManagementServiceClient} = require('@google-cloud/kms');

// Instantiates a client
const client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

// Build the key name
const keyName = client.cryptoKeyPath(projectId, locationId, keyRingId, keyId);

async function updateKeyRemoveRotation() {
  const [key] = await client.updateCryptoKey({
    cryptoKey: {
      name: keyName,
      rotationPeriod: null,
      nextRotationTime: null,
    },
    updateMask: {
      paths: ['rotation_period', 'next_rotation_time'],
    },
  });

  console.log(`Removed rotation for: ${key.name}`);
  return key;
}

return updateKeyRemoveRotation();

PHP

要运行此代码，请先了解如何在 Google Cloud 上使用 PHP 并安装 Cloud KMS PHP SDK。

use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\Client\KeyManagementServiceClient;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\CryptoKey;
use Google\Cloud\Kms\V1\UpdateCryptoKeyRequest;
use Google\Protobuf\FieldMask;

function update_key_remove_rotation(
    string $projectId = 'my-project',
    string $locationId = 'us-east1',
    string $keyRingId = 'my-key-ring',
    string $keyId = 'my-key'
): CryptoKey {
    // Create the Cloud KMS client.
    $client = new KeyManagementServiceClient();

    // Build the key name.
    $keyName = $client->cryptoKeyName($projectId, $locationId, $keyRingId, $keyId);

    // Build the key.
    $key = (new CryptoKey())
        ->setName($keyName);

    // Create the field mask.
    $updateMask = (new FieldMask())
        ->setPaths(['rotation_period', 'next_rotation_time']);

    // Call the API.
    $updateCryptoKeyRequest = (new UpdateCryptoKeyRequest())
        ->setCryptoKey($key)
        ->setUpdateMask($updateMask);
    $updatedKey = $client->updateCryptoKey($updateCryptoKeyRequest);
    printf('Updated key: %s' . PHP_EOL, $updatedKey->getName());

    return $updatedKey;
}

Ruby

要运行此代码，请先设置 Ruby 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Ruby SDK。

# TODO(developer): uncomment these values before running the sample.
# project_id  = "my-project"
# location_id = "us-east1"
# key_ring_id = "my-key-ring"
# key_id      = "my-key"

# Require the library.
require "google/cloud/kms"

# Create the client.
client = Google::Cloud::Kms.key_management_service

# Build the parent key name.
key_name = client.crypto_key_path project:    project_id,
                                  location:   location_id,
                                  key_ring:   key_ring_id,
                                  crypto_key: key_id

# Build the key.
key = {
  name:               key_name,
  rotation_period:    nil,
  next_rotation_time: nil
}

# Build the field mask.
update_mask = { paths: ["rotation_period", "next_rotation_time"] }

# Call the API.
updated_key = client.update_crypto_key crypto_key: key, update_mask: update_mask
puts "Updated key: #{updated_key.name}"

Python

要运行此代码，请先设置 Python 开发环境并安装 Cloud KMS Python SDK。

from google.cloud import kms

def update_key_remove_rotation(
    project_id: str, location_id: str, key_ring_id: str, key_id: str
) -> kms.CryptoKey:
    """
    Remove a rotation schedule from an existing key.

    Args:
        project_id (string): Google Cloud project ID (e.g. 'my-project').
        location_id (string): Cloud KMS location (e.g. 'us-east1').
        key_ring_id (string): ID of the Cloud KMS key ring (e.g. 'my-key-ring').
        key_id (string): ID of the key to use (e.g. 'my-key').

    Returns:
        CryptoKey: Updated Cloud KMS key.

    """

    # Create the client.
    client = kms.KeyManagementServiceClient()

    # Build the key name.
    key_name = client.crypto_key_path(project_id, location_id, key_ring_id, key_id)

    key = {"name": key_name}

    # Build the update mask.
    update_mask = {"paths": ["rotation_period", "next_rotation_time"]}

    # Call the API.
    updated_key = client.update_crypto_key(
        request={"crypto_key": key, "update_mask": update_mask}
    )
    print(f"Updated key: {updated_key.name}")
    return updated_key

API

这些示例使用 curl 作为 HTTP 客户端来演示如何使用 API。如需详细了解访问权限控制，请参阅访问 Cloud KMS API。

如需更新密钥，请使用 CryptoKey.patch 方法：

curl "https://cloudkms.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/locations/LOCATION/keyRings/KEY_RING/cryptoKeys/KEY_NAME?updateMask=rotationPeriod,nextRotationTime" \
    --request "PATCH" \
    --header "authorization: Bearer TOKEN" \
    --header "content-type: application/json" \
    --data '{"rotationPeriod": null, "nextRotationTime": null}'

如需详细了解 rotationPeriod 和 nextRotationTime，请参阅 keyRings.cryptoKeys。

轮替外部密钥

轮替协调外部密钥

您可以为对称协调外部密钥配置自动轮替。您还可以为对称或不对称协调外部密钥手动创建新的密钥版本。

轮替或创建新密钥版本会导致使用该密钥保护的所有新创建的数据都会使用新密钥版本进行加密。使用先前的密钥版本保护的数据不会重新加密。因此，您的外部密钥管理器必须继续使上一个密钥版本的密钥材料可供使用。

如需为协调的外部密钥创建新的密钥版本，请完成以下步骤：

控制台

1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，前往密钥管理页面。

   前往 Key Management

2. 选择密钥环，然后选择密钥。

3. 点击创建版本。系统会显示一条消息，指明 Cloud KMS 和 EKM 中都会生成新密钥版本。如果您看到密钥路径或密钥 URI 字段，则说明所选密钥不是协调的外部密钥。

4. 如需确认要创建新的密钥版本，请点击创建版本。

新密钥版本显示为待生成状态。对于对称密钥，手动创建的密钥版本不会自动设置为主密钥版本。您可以将新密钥版本设置为主密钥版本。

gcloud CLI

如需创建新的对称密钥版本并将其设置为主密钥版本，请使用带 --primary 标志的 kms keys versions create 命令：

gcloud kms keys versions create \
  --key KEY_NAME \
  --keyring KEY_RING \
  --location LOCATION \
  --primary

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。

如需创建新的非对称密钥版本或创建非主密钥版本的新对称密钥版本，请使用 kms keys versions create 命令：

gcloud kms keys versions create \
  --key KEY_NAME \
  --keyring KEY_RING \
  --location LOCATION

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。

通过 VPC 密钥轮替手动管理的 Cloud EKM

首先，在外部密钥管理器上轮替外部密钥材料。如果这样会生成新密钥路径，您需要轮替 Cloud EKM 密钥版本，或使用新的密钥路径创建新的 Cloud EKM 密钥版本。对于对称加密密钥，请轮替 Cloud EKM 密钥，并从外部密钥管理器指定新的密钥路径。对于非对称密钥，请创建新的密钥版本并指定新的密钥路径。

轮替或创建新密钥版本会导致使用该密钥保护的所有新创建的数据都会使用新密钥版本进行加密。使用先前的密钥版本保护的数据不会重新加密。因此，您的外部密钥管理器必须继续使上一个密钥版本的密钥材料可供使用。

如果外部密钥管理合作伙伴系统中的密钥材料保持不变，但密钥路径发生了更改，那么您可以更新密钥的外部路径，而无需轮替密钥。

控制台

1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，前往密钥管理页面。

   前往 Key Management

2. 选择密钥环，然后选择密钥。

3. 点击轮替密钥。

4. 对于密钥路径，请输入新版本的密钥路径。

5. 点击轮替密钥进行确认。

gcloud

如需在命令行上使用 Cloud KMS，请先安装或升级到最新版本的 Google Cloud CLI。

如需创建新的对称密钥版本并将其设置为主密钥版本，请使用带 --primary 标志的 kms keys versions create 命令：

gcloud kms keys versions create \
    --key KEY_NAME \
    --keyring KEY_RING \
    --location LOCATION \
    --ekm-connection-key-path EXTERNAL_KEY_PATH \
    --primary

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。
• EXTERNAL_KEY_PATH：新外部密钥版本的路径。

如需创建新的非对称密钥版本或创建非主密钥版本的新对称密钥版本，请使用 kms keys versions create 命令：

gcloud kms keys versions create \
    --key KEY_NAME \
    --keyring KEY_RING \
    --location LOCATION \
    --ekm-connection-key-path EXTERNAL_KEY_PATH

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。
• EXTERNAL_KEY_PATH：新外部密钥版本的路径。

如需了解所有标志和可能值，请使用 --help 标志运行命令。

成功创建密钥版本后，您可以像使用任何其他 Cloud KMS 密钥版本一样使用它。

通过互联网密钥轮替手动管理的 Cloud EKM

首先，在外部密钥管理器上轮替外部密钥材料。如果这样会产生新的 URI，您需要使用新的 URI 轮替或创建新的 Cloud EKM 密钥版本。对于对称加密密钥，请轮替 Cloud EKM 密钥，并指定来自外部密钥管理器的新密钥 URI。对于非对称密钥，请创建新的密钥版本并指定新的密钥 URI。

轮替或创建新密钥版本会导致使用该密钥保护的所有新创建的数据都会使用新密钥版本进行加密。使用先前的密钥版本保护的数据不会重新加密。因此，您的外部密钥管理器必须继续使上一个密钥版本的密钥材料可供使用。

如果外部密钥管理合作伙伴系统中的密钥材料保持不变，但 URI 发生更改，那么您可以更新密钥的外部 URI，而无需轮替密钥。

控制台

1. 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，前往密钥管理页面。

   前往 Key Management

2. 选择密钥环，然后选择密钥。

3. 对于对称密钥，选择轮替密钥；对于非对称密钥，选择创建版本。

4. 输入新的密钥 URI，然后选择轮替密钥（针对对称密钥）或创建版本（针对非对称密钥）。

新密钥版本将成为主要版本。

gcloud CLI

如需创建新的对称密钥版本并将其设置为主密钥版本，请使用带 --primary 标志的 kms keys versions create 命令：

gcloud kms keys versions create \
  --key KEY_NAME \
  --keyring KEY_RING \
  --location LOCATION \
  --external-key-uri EXTERNAL_KEY_URI \
  --primary

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。
• EXTERNAL_KEY_URI：新外部密钥版本的密钥 URI。

如需创建新的非对称密钥版本或创建非主密钥版本的新对称密钥版本，请使用 kms keys versions create 命令：

gcloud kms keys versions create \
  --key KEY_NAME \
  --keyring KEY_RING \
  --location LOCATION \
  --external-key-uri EXTERNAL_KEY_URI

替换以下内容：

• KEY_NAME：密钥的名称。
• KEY_RING：包含密钥的密钥环的名称。
• LOCATION：密钥环的 Cloud KMS 位置。
• EXTERNAL_KEY_URI：新外部密钥版本的密钥 URI。