本文档演示了如何将 Cloud 客户端库用于 Compute Engine。其中介绍了如何列出、创建和删除虚拟机实例。还介绍了如何检查长时间运行的操作的状态。如果您已正确地为示例授权，则可在本地机器或某个虚拟机实例上运行此代码示例。
如需了解可用客户端库（包括其他客户端库和第三方开源库）的完整列表，请参阅 Compute Engine 客户端库。
费用
在本文档中，您将使用 Google Cloud 的以下收费组件：
- Compute Engine
准备工作
在开始之前，请按照您要使用的 Compute Engine 客户端库上的安装和身份验证设置步骤进行操作。
本文档中的示例要求您提供要创建的虚拟机的相关信息，例如位置、机器类型和来源映像。如需详细了解这些值，请参阅以下文档：
创建实例
以下示例定义了使用指定名称、机器类型、网络、来源映像和磁盘的实例。然后，它会在您提供的项目和区域中创建（插入）实例。在此示例中，实例连接到 default 网络，该网络是为每个项目自动创建的。当 API 成功创建实例时，您会收到一条消息。
创建虚拟机 (VM) 实例时，您还必须将启动磁盘挂接到虚拟机。启动磁盘包含启动虚拟机所需的所有必要文件，包括公共或自定义操作系统映像。
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class CreateInstanceAsyncSample
{
public async Task CreateInstanceAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a",
string machineName = "test-machine",
string machineType = "n1-standard-1",
string diskImage = "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
long diskSizeGb = 10,
string networkName = "default")
{
Instance instance = new Instance
{
Name = machineName,
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information on machine types.
MachineType = $"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machineType}",
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
Disks =
{
new AttachedDisk
{
AutoDelete = true,
Boot = true,
Type = ComputeEnumConstants.AttachedDisk.Type.Persistent,
InitializeParams = new AttachedDiskInitializeParams
{
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
SourceImage = diskImage,
DiskSizeGb = diskSizeGb
}
}
},
NetworkInterfaces = { new NetworkInterface { Name = networkName } }
};
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
var instanceCreation = await client.InsertAsync(projectId, zone, instance);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
// The server-side operation is not affected by polling,
// and might finish successfully even if polling times out.
await instanceCreation.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// createInstance sends an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
func createInstance(w io.Writer, projectID, zone, instanceName, machineType, sourceImage, networkName string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
// instanceName := "your_instance_name"
// machineType := "n1-standard-1"
// sourceImage := "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10"
// networkName := "global/networks/default"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
req := &computepb.InsertInstanceRequest{
Project: projectID,
Zone: zone,
InstanceResource: &computepb.Instance{
Name: proto.String(instanceName),
Disks: []*computepb.AttachedDisk{
{
InitializeParams: &computepb.AttachedDiskInitializeParams{
DiskSizeGb: proto.Int64(10),
SourceImage: proto.String(sourceImage),
},
AutoDelete: proto.Bool(true),
Boot: proto.Bool(true),
Type: proto.String(computepb.AttachedDisk_PERSISTENT.String()),
},
},
MachineType: proto.String(fmt.Sprintf("zones/%s/machineTypes/%s", zone, machineType)),
NetworkInterfaces: []*computepb.NetworkInterface{
{
Name: proto.String(networkName),
},
},
},
}
op, err := instancesClient.Insert(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to create instance: %w", err)
}
if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instance created\n")
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDisk.Type;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InsertInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.NetworkInterface;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class CreateInstance {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
String project = "your-project-id";
String zone = "zone-name";
String instanceName = "instance-name";
createInstance(project, zone, instanceName);
}
// Create a new instance with the provided "instanceName" value in the specified project and zone.
public static void createInstance(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// Below are sample values that can be replaced.
// machineType: machine type of the VM being created.
// * This value uses the format zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}.
// * For a list of machine types, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types
// sourceImage: path to the operating system image to mount.
// * For details about images you can mount, see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images
// diskSizeGb: storage size of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
// networkName: network interface to associate with the instance.
String machineType = String.format("zones/%s/machineTypes/n1-standard-1", zone);
String sourceImage = String
.format("projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/%s", "debian-11");
long diskSizeGb = 10L;
String networkName = "default";
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to safely
// clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk and one network interface.
AttachedDisk disk =
AttachedDisk.newBuilder()
.setBoot(true)
.setAutoDelete(true)
.setType(Type.PERSISTENT.toString())
.setDeviceName("disk-1")
.setInitializeParams(
AttachedDiskInitializeParams.newBuilder()
.setSourceImage(sourceImage)
.setDiskSizeGb(diskSizeGb)
.build())
.build();
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
NetworkInterface networkInterface = NetworkInterface.newBuilder()
.setName(networkName)
.build();
// Bind `instanceName`, `machineType`, `disk`, and `networkInterface` to an instance.
Instance instanceResource =
Instance.newBuilder()
.setName(instanceName)
.setMachineType(machineType)
.addDisks(disk)
.addNetworkInterfaces(networkInterface)
.build();
System.out.printf("Creating instance: %s at %s %n", instanceName, zone);
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
InsertInstanceRequest insertInstanceRequest = InsertInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstanceResource(instanceResource)
.build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.insertAsync(
insertInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance creation failed ! ! " + response);
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b'
// const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME'
// const machineType = 'n1-standard-1';
// const sourceImage = 'projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10';
// const networkName = 'global/networks/default';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// Create a new instance with the values provided above in the specified project and zone.
async function createInstance() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
console.log(`Creating the ${instanceName} instance in ${zone}...`);
const [response] = await instancesClient.insert({
instanceResource: {
name: instanceName,
disks: [
{
// Describe the size and source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
initializeParams: {
diskSizeGb: '10',
sourceImage,
},
autoDelete: true,
boot: true,
type: 'PERSISTENT',
},
],
machineType: `zones/${zone}/machineTypes/${machineType}`,
networkInterfaces: [
{
// Use the network interface provided in the networkName argument.
name: networkName,
},
],
},
project: projectId,
zone,
});
let operation = response.latestResponse;
const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();
// Wait for the create operation to complete.
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
});
}
console.log('Instance created.');
}
createInstance();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDisk;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AttachedDiskInitializeParams;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Enums\AttachedDisk\Type;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\InsertInstanceRequest;
/**
* To correctly handle string enums in Cloud Compute library
* use constants defined in the Enums subfolder.
*/
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Instance;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\NetworkInterface;
/**
* Creates an instance in the specified project and zone.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID of the Cloud project to create the instance in.
* @param string $zone Zone to create the instance in (like "us-central1-a").
* @param string $instanceName Unique name for this Compute Engine instance.
* @param string $machineType Machine type of the instance being created.
* @param string $sourceImage Boot disk image name or family.
* @param string $networkName Network interface to associate with the instance.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
*/
function create_instance(
string $projectId,
string $zone,
string $instanceName,
string $machineType = 'n1-standard-1',
string $sourceImage = 'projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-11',
string $networkName = 'global/networks/default'
) {
// Set the machine type using the specified zone.
$machineTypeFullName = sprintf('zones/%s/machineTypes/%s', $zone, $machineType);
// Describe the source image of the boot disk to attach to the instance.
$diskInitializeParams = (new AttachedDiskInitializeParams())
->setSourceImage($sourceImage);
$disk = (new AttachedDisk())
->setBoot(true)
->setAutoDelete(true)
->setType(Type::PERSISTENT)
->setInitializeParams($diskInitializeParams);
// Use the network interface provided in the $networkName argument.
$network = (new NetworkInterface())
->setName($networkName);
// Create the Instance object.
$instance = (new Instance())
->setName($instanceName)
->setDisks([$disk])
->setMachineType($machineTypeFullName)
->setNetworkInterfaces([$network]);
// Insert the new Compute Engine instance using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$request = (new InsertInstanceRequest())
->setInstanceResource($instance)
->setProject($projectId)
->setZone($zone);
$operation = $instancesClient->insert($request);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf('Created instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Instance creation failed: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error?->getMessage());
}
}Python
from __future__ import annotations
import re
import sys
from typing import Any
import warnings
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_image_from_family(project: str, family: str) -> compute_v1.Image:
"""
Retrieve the newest image that is part of a given family in a project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to get image from.
family: name of the image family you want to get image from.
Returns:
An Image object.
"""
image_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# List of public operating system (OS) images: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images/os-details
newest_image = image_client.get_from_family(project=project, family=family)
return newest_image
def disk_from_image(
disk_type: str,
disk_size_gb: int,
boot: bool,
source_image: str,
auto_delete: bool = True,
) -> compute_v1.AttachedDisk:
"""
Create an AttachedDisk object to be used in VM instance creation. Uses an image as the
source for the new disk.
Args:
disk_type: the type of disk you want to create. This value uses the following format:
"zones/{zone}/diskTypes/(pd-standard|pd-ssd|pd-balanced|pd-extreme)".
For example: "zones/us-west3-b/diskTypes/pd-ssd"
disk_size_gb: size of the new disk in gigabytes
boot: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be used as a boot disk of an instance
source_image: source image to use when creating this disk. You must have read access to this disk. This can be one
of the publicly available images or an image from one of your projects.
This value uses the following format: "projects/{project_name}/global/images/{image_name}"
auto_delete: boolean flag indicating whether this disk should be deleted with the VM that uses it
Returns:
AttachedDisk object configured to be created using the specified image.
"""
boot_disk = compute_v1.AttachedDisk()
initialize_params = compute_v1.AttachedDiskInitializeParams()
initialize_params.source_image = source_image
initialize_params.disk_size_gb = disk_size_gb
initialize_params.disk_type = disk_type
boot_disk.initialize_params = initialize_params
# Remember to set auto_delete to True if you want the disk to be deleted when you delete
# your VM instance.
boot_disk.auto_delete = auto_delete
boot_disk.boot = boot
return boot_disk
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def create_instance(
project_id: str,
zone: str,
instance_name: str,
disks: list[compute_v1.AttachedDisk],
machine_type: str = "n1-standard-1",
network_link: str = "global/networks/default",
subnetwork_link: str = None,
internal_ip: str = None,
external_access: bool = False,
external_ipv4: str = None,
accelerators: list[compute_v1.AcceleratorConfig] = None,
preemptible: bool = False,
spot: bool = False,
instance_termination_action: str = "STOP",
custom_hostname: str = None,
delete_protection: bool = False,
) -> compute_v1.Instance:
"""
Send an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone to create the instance in. For example: "us-west3-b"
instance_name: name of the new virtual machine (VM) instance.
disks: a list of compute_v1.AttachedDisk objects describing the disks
you want to attach to your new instance.
machine_type: machine type of the VM being created. This value uses the
following format: "zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{type_name}".
For example: "zones/europe-west3-c/machineTypes/f1-micro"
network_link: name of the network you want the new instance to use.
For example: "global/networks/default" represents the network
named "default", which is created automatically for each project.
subnetwork_link: name of the subnetwork you want the new instance to use.
This value uses the following format:
"regions/{region}/subnetworks/{subnetwork_name}"
internal_ip: internal IP address you want to assign to the new instance.
By default, a free address from the pool of available internal IP addresses of
used subnet will be used.
external_access: boolean flag indicating if the instance should have an external IPv4
address assigned.
external_ipv4: external IPv4 address to be assigned to this instance. If you specify
an external IP address, it must live in the same region as the zone of the instance.
This setting requires `external_access` to be set to True to work.
accelerators: a list of AcceleratorConfig objects describing the accelerators that will
be attached to the new instance.
preemptible: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be preemptible
or not. Preemptible VMs have been deprecated and you should now use Spot VMs.
spot: boolean value indicating if the new instance should be a Spot VM or not.
instance_termination_action: What action should be taken once a Spot VM is terminated.
Possible values: "STOP", "DELETE"
custom_hostname: Custom hostname of the new VM instance.
Custom hostnames must conform to RFC 1035 requirements for valid hostnames.
delete_protection: boolean value indicating if the new virtual machine should be
protected against deletion or not.
Returns:
Instance object.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
# Use the network interface provided in the network_link argument.
network_interface = compute_v1.NetworkInterface()
network_interface.network = network_link
if subnetwork_link:
network_interface.subnetwork = subnetwork_link
if internal_ip:
network_interface.network_i_p = internal_ip
if external_access:
access = compute_v1.AccessConfig()
access.type_ = compute_v1.AccessConfig.Type.ONE_TO_ONE_NAT.name
access.name = "External NAT"
access.network_tier = access.NetworkTier.PREMIUM.name
if external_ipv4:
access.nat_i_p = external_ipv4
network_interface.access_configs = [access]
# Collect information into the Instance object.
instance = compute_v1.Instance()
instance.network_interfaces = [network_interface]
instance.name = instance_name
instance.disks = disks
if re.match(r"^zones/[a-z\d\-]+/machineTypes/[a-z\d\-]+$", machine_type):
instance.machine_type = machine_type
else:
instance.machine_type = f"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machine_type}"
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
if accelerators:
instance.guest_accelerators = accelerators
instance.scheduling.on_host_maintenance = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.OnHostMaintenance.TERMINATE.name
)
if preemptible:
# Set the preemptible setting
warnings.warn(
"Preemptible VMs are being replaced by Spot VMs.", DeprecationWarning
)
instance.scheduling = compute_v1.Scheduling()
instance.scheduling.preemptible = True
if spot:
# Set the Spot VM setting
instance.scheduling.provisioning_model = (
compute_v1.Scheduling.ProvisioningModel.SPOT.name
)
instance.scheduling.instance_termination_action = instance_termination_action
if custom_hostname is not None:
# Set the custom hostname for the instance
instance.hostname = custom_hostname
if delete_protection:
# Set the delete protection bit
instance.deletion_protection = True
# Prepare the request to insert an instance.
request = compute_v1.InsertInstanceRequest()
request.zone = zone
request.project = project_id
request.instance_resource = instance
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
print(f"Creating the {instance_name} instance in {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.insert(request=request)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance creation")
print(f"Instance {instance_name} created.")
return instance_client.get(project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=instance_name)
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Sends an instance creation request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @param [String] instance_name name of the new virtual machine.
# @param [String] machine_type machine type of the VM being created. For example: "e2-standard-2"
# See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information
# on machine types.
# @param [String] source_image path to the operating system image to mount on your boot
# disk. This can be one of the public images
# (like "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10")
# or a private image you have access to.
# See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
# @param [String] network_name name of the network you want the new instance to use.
# For example: "global/networks/default" represents the `default`
# network interface, which is created automatically for each project.
def create_instance project:, zone:, instance_name:,
machine_type: "n2-standard-2",
source_image: "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
network_name: "global/networks/default"
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
# Construct the instance object.
# It can be either a hash or ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instance instance.
instance = {
name: instance_name,
machine_type: "zones/#{zone}/machineTypes/#{machine_type}",
# Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
disks: [{
auto_delete: true,
boot: true,
type: :PERSISTENT,
initialize_params: {
source_image: source_image,
disk_size_gb: 10
}
}],
network_interfaces: [{ name: network_name }]
}
# Prepare a request to create the instance in the specified project and zone.
request = { project: project, zone: zone, instance_resource: instance }
puts "Creating the #{instance_name} instance in #{zone}..."
begin
# Send the insert request.
operation = client.insert request
# Wait for the create operation to complete.
operation = wait_until_done operation: operation
if operation.error?
warn "Error during creation:", operation.error
else
compute_operation = operation.operation
warn "Warning during creation:", compute_operation.warnings unless compute_operation.warnings.empty?
puts "Instance #{instance_name} created."
end
rescue ::Google::Cloud::Error => e
warn "Exception during creation:", e
end
end列出实例
以下示例会列出一个项目中的一个实例，或者位于一个可用区或所有可用区：
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListZoneInstancesAsyncSample
{
public async Task<IList<Instance>> ListZoneInstancesAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
IList<Instance> allInstances = new List<Instance>();
// Make the request to list all VM instances in the given zone in the specified project.
await foreach(var instance in client.ListAsync(projectId, zone))
{
// The result is an Instance collection.
Console.WriteLine($"Instance: {instance.Name}");
allInstances.Add(instance);
}
return allInstances;
}
}
您还可以获取项目中所有可用区的实例列表：
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListAllInstancesAsyncSample
{
public async Task<IList<Instance>> ListAllInstancesAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
IList<Instance> allInstances = new List<Instance>();
// Make the request to list all VM instances in a project.
await foreach (var instancesByZone in client.AggregatedListAsync(projectId))
{
// The result contains a KeyValuePair collection, where the key is a zone and the value
// is a collection of instances in that zone.
Console.WriteLine($"Instances for zone: {instancesByZone.Key}");
foreach (var instance in instancesByZone.Value.Instances)
{
Console.WriteLine($"-- Name: {instance.Name}");
allInstances.Add(instance);
}
}
return allInstances;
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
)
// listInstances prints a list of instances created in given project in given zone.
func listInstances(w io.Writer, projectID, zone string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
req := &computepb.ListInstancesRequest{
Project: projectID,
Zone: zone,
}
it := instancesClient.List(ctx, req)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instances found in zone %s:\n", zone)
for {
instance, err := it.Next()
if err == iterator.Done {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s %s\n", instance.GetName(), instance.GetMachineType())
}
return nil
}
您还可以获取项目中所有可用区的实例列表：
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// listAllInstances prints all instances present in a project, grouped by their zone.
func listAllInstances(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
// Use the `MaxResults` parameter to limit the number of results that the API returns per response page.
req := &computepb.AggregatedListInstancesRequest{
Project: projectID,
MaxResults: proto.Uint32(3),
}
it := instancesClient.AggregatedList(ctx, req)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instances found:\n")
// Despite using the `MaxResults` parameter, you don't need to handle the pagination
// yourself. The returned iterator object handles pagination
// automatically, returning separated pages as you iterate over the results.
for {
pair, err := it.Next()
if err == iterator.Done {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
instances := pair.Value.Instances
if len(instances) > 0 {
fmt.Fprintf(w, "%s\n", pair.Key)
for _, instance := range instances {
fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s %s\n", instance.GetName(), instance.GetMachineType())
}
}
}
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ListInstance {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample
String project = "your-project-id";
String zone = "zone-name";
listInstances(project, zone);
}
// List all instances in the given zone in the specified project ID.
public static void listInstances(String project, String zone) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Set the project and zone to retrieve instances present in the zone.
System.out.printf("Listing instances from %s in %s:", project, zone);
for (Instance zoneInstance : instancesClient.list(project, zone).iterateAll()) {
System.out.println(zoneInstance.getName());
}
System.out.println("####### Listing instances complete #######");
}
}
}您还可以获取项目中所有可用区的实例列表：
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.AggregatedListInstancesRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Instance;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient.AggregatedListPagedResponse;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesScopedList;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
public class ListAllInstances {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample
String project = "your-project-id";
listAllInstances(project);
}
// List all instances in the specified project ID.
public static AggregatedListPagedResponse listAllInstances(String project) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
// Use the `setMaxResults` parameter to limit the number of results
// that the API returns per response page.
AggregatedListInstancesRequest aggregatedListInstancesRequest = AggregatedListInstancesRequest
.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setMaxResults(5)
.build();
InstancesClient.AggregatedListPagedResponse response = instancesClient
.aggregatedList(aggregatedListInstancesRequest);
// Despite using the `setMaxResults` parameter, you don't need to handle the pagination
// yourself. The returned `AggregatedListPager` object handles pagination
// automatically, requesting next pages as you iterate over the results.
for (Map.Entry<String, InstancesScopedList> zoneInstances : response.iterateAll()) {
// Instances scoped by each zone
String zone = zoneInstances.getKey();
if (!zoneInstances.getValue().getInstancesList().isEmpty()) {
// zoneInstances.getKey() returns the fully qualified address.
// Hence, strip it to get the zone name only
System.out.printf("Instances at %s: ", zone.substring(zone.lastIndexOf('/') + 1));
for (Instance instance : zoneInstances.getValue().getInstancesList()) {
System.out.println(instance.getName());
}
}
}
System.out.println("####### Listing all instances complete #######");
return response;
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b'
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// List all instances in the given zone in the specified project.
async function listInstances() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
const [instanceList] = await instancesClient.list({
project: projectId,
zone,
});
console.log(`Instances found in zone ${zone}:`);
for (const instance of instanceList) {
console.log(` - ${instance.name} (${instance.machineType})`);
}
}
listInstances();您还可以获取项目中所有可用区的实例列表：
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// List all instances in the specified project.
async function listAllInstances() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
//Use the `maxResults` parameter to limit the number of results that the API returns per response page.
const aggListRequest = instancesClient.aggregatedListAsync({
project: projectId,
maxResults: 5,
});
console.log('Instances found:');
// Despite using the `maxResults` parameter, you don't need to handle the pagination
// yourself. The returned object handles pagination automatically,
// requesting next pages as you iterate over the results.
for await (const [zone, instancesObject] of aggListRequest) {
const instances = instancesObject.instances;
if (instances && instances.length > 0) {
console.log(` ${zone}`);
for (const instance of instances) {
console.log(` - ${instance.name} (${instance.machineType})`);
}
}
}
}
listAllInstances();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ListInstancesRequest;
/**
* List all instances for a particular Cloud project and zone.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
* @param string $zone Zone to list instances for (like "us-central1-a").
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_instances(string $projectId, string $zone)
{
// List Compute Engine instances using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$request = (new ListInstancesRequest())
->setProject($projectId)
->setZone($zone);
$instancesList = $instancesClient->list($request);
printf('Instances for %s (%s)' . PHP_EOL, $projectId, $zone);
foreach ($instancesList as $instance) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $instance->getName());
}
}您还可以获取项目中所有可用区的实例列表：
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\AggregatedListInstancesRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\InstancesClient;
/**
* List all instances for a particular Cloud project.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_all_instances(string $projectId)
{
// List Compute Engine instances using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$request = (new AggregatedListInstancesRequest())
->setProject($projectId);
$allInstances = $instancesClient->aggregatedList($request);
printf('All instances for %s' . PHP_EOL, $projectId);
foreach ($allInstances as $zone => $zoneInstances) {
$instances = $zoneInstances->getInstances();
if (count($instances) > 0) {
printf('Zone - %s' . PHP_EOL, $zone);
foreach ($instances as $instance) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $instance->getName());
}
}
}
}Python
from __future__ import annotations
from collections.abc import Iterable
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def list_instances(project_id: str, zone: str) -> Iterable[compute_v1.Instance]:
"""
List all instances in the given zone in the specified project.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone you want to use. For example: “us-west3-b”
Returns:
An iterable collection of Instance objects.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
instance_list = instance_client.list(project=project_id, zone=zone)
print(f"Instances found in zone {zone}:")
for instance in instance_list:
print(f" - {instance.name} ({instance.machine_type})")
return instance_list
您还可以获取项目中所有可用区的实例列表：
from __future__ import annotations
from collections import defaultdict
from collections.abc import Iterable
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def list_all_instances(
project_id: str,
) -> dict[str, Iterable[compute_v1.Instance]]:
"""
Returns a dictionary of all instances present in a project, grouped by their zone.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
Returns:
A dictionary with zone names as keys (in form of "zones/{zone_name}") and
iterable collections of Instance objects as values.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
request = compute_v1.AggregatedListInstancesRequest()
request.project = project_id
# Use the `max_results` parameter to limit the number of results that the API returns per response page.
request.max_results = 50
agg_list = instance_client.aggregated_list(request=request)
all_instances = defaultdict(list)
print("Instances found:")
# Despite using the `max_results` parameter, you don't need to handle the pagination
# yourself. The returned `AggregatedListPager` object handles pagination
# automatically, returning separated pages as you iterate over the results.
for zone, response in agg_list:
if response.instances:
all_instances[zone].extend(response.instances)
print(f" {zone}:")
for instance in response.instances:
print(f" - {instance.name} ({instance.machine_type})")
return all_instances
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Lists all instances in the given zone in the specified project.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @return [Array<::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instance>] Array of instances.
def list_instances project:, zone:
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
# Send the request to list all VM instances in the given zone in the specified project.
instance_list = client.list project: project, zone: zone
puts "Instances found in zone #{zone}:"
instances = []
instance_list.each do |instance|
puts " - #{instance.name} (#{instance.machine_type})"
instances << instance
end
instances
end您还可以获取项目中所有可用区的实例列表：
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Returns a dictionary of all instances present in a project, grouped by their zone.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @return [Hash<String, Array<::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instance>>] A hash with zone names
# as keys (in form of "zones/{zone_name}") and arrays of instances as values.
def list_all_instances project:
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
# Send the request to list all VM instances in a project.
agg_list = client.aggregated_list project: project
all_instances = {}
puts "Instances found:"
# The result contains a Map collection, where the key is a zone and the value
# is a collection of instances in that zone.
agg_list.each do |zone, list|
next if list.instances.empty?
all_instances[zone] = list.instances
puts " #{zone}:"
list.instances.each do |instance|
puts " - #{instance.name} (#{instance.machine_type})"
end
end
all_instances
end删除实例
以下示例根据您提供的项目、可用区和实例名称删除实例。API 成功删除实例后，您会收到一条消息。
删除操作是不可逆转的。如果您只想暂时关闭实例，请考虑改为停止或暂停实例。
如果实例的 autoDelete 参数为 true，则在删除实例时也会删除启动磁盘。此设置在创建实例时默认设置为 true，当您的用例要求单独删除磁盘和实例时，您可以调整此设置。
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class DeleteInstanceAsyncSample
{
public async Task DeleteInstanceAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a",
string machineName = "test-machine")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
// Make the request to delete a VM instance.
var instanceDeletion = await client.DeleteAsync(projectId, zone, machineName);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
await instanceDeletion.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
)
// deleteInstance sends a delete request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
func deleteInstance(w io.Writer, projectID, zone, instanceName string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
// instanceName := "your_instance_name"
ctx := context.Background()
instancesClient, err := compute.NewInstancesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewInstancesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer instancesClient.Close()
req := &computepb.DeleteInstanceRequest{
Project: projectID,
Zone: zone,
Instance: instanceName,
}
op, err := instancesClient.Delete(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to delete instance: %w", err)
}
if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Instance deleted\n")
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.DeleteInstanceRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.InstancesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
public class DeleteInstance {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
String project = "your-project-id";
String zone = "zone-name";
String instanceName = "instance-name";
deleteInstance(project, zone, instanceName);
}
// Delete the instance specified by `instanceName`
// if it's present in the given project and zone.
public static void deleteInstance(String project, String zone, String instanceName)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to safely
// clean up any remaining background resources.
try (InstancesClient instancesClient = InstancesClient.create()) {
System.out.printf("Deleting instance: %s ", instanceName);
// Describe which instance is to be deleted.
DeleteInstanceRequest deleteInstanceRequest = DeleteInstanceRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setZone(zone)
.setInstance(instanceName).build();
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = instancesClient.deleteAsync(
deleteInstanceRequest);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Instance deletion failed ! ! " + response);
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const zone = 'europe-central2-b'
// const instanceName = 'YOUR_INSTANCE_NAME';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// Delete the instance specified by `instanceName` if it's present in the given project and zone.
async function deleteInstance() {
const instancesClient = new compute.InstancesClient();
console.log(`Deleting ${instanceName} from ${zone}...`);
const [response] = await instancesClient.delete({
project: projectId,
zone,
instance: instanceName,
});
let operation = response.latestResponse;
const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();
// Wait for the delete operation to complete.
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
});
}
console.log('Instance deleted.');
}
deleteInstance();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\InstancesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\DeleteInstanceRequest;
/**
* Delete an instance.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
* @param string $zone Zone where the instance you want to delete is (like "us-central1-a").
* @param string $instanceName Unique name for the Compute instance to delete.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
*/
function delete_instance(
string $projectId,
string $zone,
string $instanceName
) {
// Delete the Compute Engine instance using InstancesClient.
$instancesClient = new InstancesClient();
$request = (new DeleteInstanceRequest())
->setInstance($instanceName)
->setProject($projectId)
->setZone($zone);
$operation = $instancesClient->delete($request);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf('Deleted instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Failed to delete instance: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error?->getMessage());
}
}Python
from __future__ import annotations
import sys
from typing import Any
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def delete_instance(project_id: str, zone: str, machine_name: str) -> None:
"""
Send an instance deletion request to the Compute Engine API and wait for it to complete.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
zone: name of the zone you want to use. For example: “us-west3-b”
machine_name: name of the machine you want to delete.
"""
instance_client = compute_v1.InstancesClient()
print(f"Deleting {machine_name} from {zone}...")
operation = instance_client.delete(
project=project_id, zone=zone, instance=machine_name
)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "instance deletion")
print(f"Instance {machine_name} deleted.")
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Sends an instance deletion request to the Compute Engine API and waits for it to complete.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
# @param [String] zone name of the zone you want to use. For example: "us-west3-b"
# @param [String] instance_name name of the instance you want to delete.
def delete_instance project:, zone:, instance_name:
# Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
# once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Instances::Rest::Client.new
puts "Deleting #{instance_name} from #{zone}..."
begin
# Make the request to delete a VM instance.
operation = client.delete project: project, zone: zone, instance: instance_name
# Wait for the delete operation to complete.
operation = wait_until_done operation: operation
if operation.error?
warn "Error during deletion:", operation.error
else
compute_operation = operation.operation
warn "Warning during creation:", compute_operation.warnings unless compute_operation.warnings.empty?
puts "Instance #{instance_name} deleted."
end
rescue ::Google::Cloud::Error => e
warn "Exception during deletion:", e
end
end检查操作状态
要求 Compute Engine API 修改资源（如实例）的请求会立即返回响应，确认您的请求。确认包括所请求操作的状态信息。
根据操作的性质，可能需要一些时间才能完成。以下示例会等到操作完成后再继续执行代码：
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class CreateInstanceAsyncSample
{
public async Task CreateInstanceAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string zone = "us-central1-a",
string machineName = "test-machine",
string machineType = "n1-standard-1",
string diskImage = "projects/debian-cloud/global/images/family/debian-10",
long diskSizeGb = 10,
string networkName = "default")
{
Instance instance = new Instance
{
Name = machineName,
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/machine-types for more information on machine types.
MachineType = $"zones/{zone}/machineTypes/{machineType}",
// Instance creation requires at least one persistent disk.
Disks =
{
new AttachedDisk
{
AutoDelete = true,
Boot = true,
Type = ComputeEnumConstants.AttachedDisk.Type.Persistent,
InitializeParams = new AttachedDiskInitializeParams
{
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/images for more information on available images.
SourceImage = diskImage,
DiskSizeGb = diskSizeGb
}
}
},
NetworkInterfaces = { new NetworkInterface { Name = networkName } }
};
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
InstancesClient client = await InstancesClient.CreateAsync();
// Insert the instance in the specified project and zone.
var instanceCreation = await client.InsertAsync(projectId, zone, instance);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
// The server-side operation is not affected by polling,
// and might finish successfully even if polling times out.
await instanceCreation.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
)
// waitForOperation waits for an operation to be completed. Calling this function will block until the operation is finished.
func waitForOperation(w io.Writer, projectID string, operation *compute.Operation) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// zone := "europe-central2-b"
// opName := "your_operation_name"
ctx := context.Background()
if err := operation.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Operation finished\n")
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation.Status;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ZoneOperationsClient;
import java.io.IOException;
public class WaitForOperation {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException {
// TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
// operation: Specify the operation to wait.
String project = "your-project-id";
Operation operation = Operation.newBuilder().build();
waitForOperation(project, operation);
}
// Waits for the specified operation to complete.
public static void waitForOperation(String project, Operation operation)
throws IOException {
try (ZoneOperationsClient zoneOperationsClient = ZoneOperationsClient.create()) {
// Check if the operation hasn't been completed already.
if (operation.getStatus() != Status.DONE) {
String zone = operation.getZone();
zone = zone.substring(zone.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = zoneOperationsClient.wait(project, zone, operation.getName());
// Check if the operation has errors.
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Error in executing the operation ! ! " + response.getError());
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + operation.getStatus());
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const operationString = 'YOUR_OPERATION_STRING'
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
// Parse stringified operation to the object instance.
let operation = JSON.parse(operationString);
async function waitForOperation() {
const operationsClient = new compute.ZoneOperationsClient();
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
zone: operation.zone.split('/').pop(),
});
}
console.log('Operation finished.');
}
waitForOperation();PHP
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf('Created instance %s' . PHP_EOL, $instanceName);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Instance creation failed: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error?->getMessage());
}Python
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def wait_for_operation(
operation: compute_v1.Operation, project_id: str
) -> compute_v1.Operation:
"""
This method waits for an operation to be completed. Calling this function
will block until the operation is finished.
Args:
operation: The Operation object representing the operation you want to
wait on.
project_id: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to use.
Returns:
Finished Operation object.
"""
kwargs = {"project": project_id, "operation": operation.name}
if operation.zone:
client = compute_v1.ZoneOperationsClient()
# Operation.zone is a full URL address of a zone, so we need to extract just the name
kwargs["zone"] = operation.zone.rsplit("/", maxsplit=1)[1]
elif operation.region:
client = compute_v1.RegionOperationsClient()
# Operation.region is a full URL address of a region, so we need to extract just the name
kwargs["region"] = operation.region.rsplit("/", maxsplit=1)[1]
else:
client = compute_v1.GlobalOperationsClient()
return client.wait(**kwargs)
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
require "time"
# Waits for an operation to be completed. Calling this method
# will block until the operation is finished or timed out.
#
# @param [::Gapic::GenericLRO::Operation] operation The operation to wait for.
# @param [Numeric] timeout seconds until timeout (default is 3 minutes)
# @return [::Gapic::GenericLRO::Operation] Finished Operation object.
def wait_until_done operation:, timeout: 3 * 60
retry_policy = ::Gapic::Operation::RetryPolicy.new initial_delay: 0.2, multiplier: 2, max_delay: 1, timeout: timeout
operation.wait_until_done! retry_policy: retry_policy
end处理默认值
对于您选择不在请求中发送或不在响应中收到的字段，Compute Engine API 会采用非零默认值。Google 在 API 参考文档字段说明以及客户端库所基于的协议缓冲区注释中指定这些默认值。
这些协议缓冲区采用 Protocol Buffers v3 格式，针对不存在的字段报告零值，即使 Compute Engine API 服务器使用其他默认值也是如此。不存在的字段的零值如下：0 表示数字，false 表示布尔值，字符串表示为空。
在 Compute Engine Cloud 客户端库所基于的协议缓冲区中，所有非必填字段都标记为 proto3 optional。设想在名为 MyRecord 的假设协议缓冲区消息中标记为 optional 的字段 name。对于该字段，请执行以下操作：
发送请求时：如果您打算为该字段向服务器发送显式零值，则必须在请求消息中设置该值：
MyRecord.name=""。否则，服务器会使用其默认值。在向服务器发出请求之前，您可以根据字段存在性确认您是否在代码中设置零值。当假设的MyRecord.hasName()方法返回true时，就会出现一个字段。处理响应时：如果标记为
optional的字段不存在或具有明确的零值，请检查 API 参考文档，了解您应为该字段采用的值。对于某些字段，响应中的零值是有效的非默认值，表示字段的预期值。
通常，请查看 API 参考文档，以了解服务器如何解释字段的缺失值或零值，因为该值因方法而异。
例如，请考虑更改项目的用量报告 (reportNamePrefix) 名称的前缀。当服务器接收到一个空字符串值或根本没有接收到该字段时，它使用特定默认值（usage_gce，如 projects.setUsageExportBucket 的参考中所述）生成那个报告。
虽然服务器明确返回 reportNamePrefix 的空字符串，但 projects.get 的引用正确表示报告是使用 reportNamePrefix 的默认值 usage_gce 生成。
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class SetUsageExportBucketAsyncSample
{
public async Task SetUsageExportBucketAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id",
string bucketName = "usage-export-bucket",
string reportNamePrefix = "usage-report")
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(reportNamePrefix))
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"Setting {nameof(UsageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix)} " +
$"to null or empty values causes the report to have the default prefix of `usage_gce`.");
}
UsageExportLocation exportLocation = new UsageExportLocation
{
BucketName = bucketName,
ReportNamePrefix = reportNamePrefix,
};
// Initialize the client that will be used to send project-related requests.
// You should reuse the same client for multiple requests.
ProjectsClient client = await ProjectsClient.CreateAsync();
var operation = await client.SetUsageExportBucketAsync(projectId, exportLocation);
// Wait for the operation to complete using client-side polling.
await operation.PollUntilCompletedAsync();
}
}
确认服务器是否使用默认前缀值 usage_gce：
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class GetUsageExportBucketAsyncSample
{
public async Task<Project> GetUsageExportBucketAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize the client that will be used to send project-related requests.
// You should reuse the same client for multiple requests.
ProjectsClient client = await ProjectsClient.CreateAsync();
Project project = await client.GetAsync(projectId);
if (project.UsageExportLocation is null)
{
Console.WriteLine("This project has no usage report export location configured.");
}
else if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(project.UsageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix))
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"Setting {nameof(UsageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix)} " +
$"to null or empty values causes the report to have the default prefix of `usage_gce`.");
}
return project;
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// setUsageExportBucket sets the Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
// This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the report name prefix parameter.
func setUsageExportBucket(w io.Writer, projectID, bucketName, reportNamePrefix string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// bucketName := "your_bucket_name"
// reportNamePrefix := ""
ctx := context.Background()
projectsClient, err := compute.NewProjectsRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewProjectsRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer projectsClient.Close()
// Updating the setting with an empty UsageExportLocationResource value disables the usage report generation.
req := &computepb.SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest{
Project: projectID,
UsageExportLocationResource: &computepb.UsageExportLocation{
BucketName: proto.String(bucketName),
ReportNamePrefix: proto.String(reportNamePrefix),
},
}
if reportNamePrefix == "" {
// Sending an empty value for reportNamePrefix results in the next usage report being generated
// with the default prefix value "usage_gce". (see: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Setting reportNamePrefix to empty value causes the report to have the default prefix value `usage_gce`.\n")
}
op, err := projectsClient.SetUsageExportBucket(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to set usage export bucket %w", err)
}
if err = op.Wait(ctx); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to wait for the operation: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Usage export bucket has been set\n")
return nil
}
确认服务器是否使用默认前缀值 usage_gce：
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// getUsageExportBucket retrieves the Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project. Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used to generate report file names.
func getUsageExportBucket(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
ctx := context.Background()
projectsClient, err := compute.NewProjectsRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewProjectsRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer projectsClient.Close()
// Updating the setting with an empty UsageExportLocationResource value disables the usage report generation.
req := &computepb.GetProjectRequest{
Project: projectID,
}
project, err := projectsClient.Get(ctx, req)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to get project: %w", err)
}
usageExportLocation := project.GetUsageExportLocation()
if usageExportLocation == nil || usageExportLocation.GetBucketName() == "" {
// The usage reports are disabled.
return nil
}
if usageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix != nil {
// Although the server explicitly sent the empty string value,
// the next usage report generated with these settings still has the default prefix value `usage_gce`.
// (see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`.\n")
usageExportLocation.ReportNamePrefix = proto.String("usage_gce")
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Returned ReportNamePrefix: %s\n", usageExportLocation.GetReportNamePrefix())
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Project;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ProjectsClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.UsageExportLocation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
// Set Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
// This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the report name prefix parameter.
public static void setUsageExportBucket(String project, String bucketName,
String reportNamePrefix)
throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException {
// bucketName: Cloud Storage Bucket used to store Compute Engine usage reports.
// An existing Google Cloud Storage bucket is required.
// reportNamePrefix: Prefix of the name of the usage report that would
// store Google Compute Engine data.
try (ProjectsClient projectsClient = ProjectsClient.create()) {
// Initialize UsageExportLocation object with provided bucket name and report name prefix.
UsageExportLocation usageExportLocation = UsageExportLocation.newBuilder()
.setBucketName(bucketName)
.setReportNamePrefix(reportNamePrefix).build();
if (reportNamePrefix.length() == 0) {
// Sending an empty value for reportNamePrefix results in the
// next usage report being generated with the default prefix value "usage_gce".
// (see,
// https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/setUsageExportBucket)
System.out.println("Setting reportNamePrefix to empty value causes the "
+ "report to have the default value of `usage_gce`.");
}
// Set the usage export location.
OperationFuture<Operation, Operation> operation = projectsClient
.setUsageExportBucketAsync(SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setUsageExportLocationResource(usageExportLocation)
.build());
// Wait for the operation to complete.
Operation response = operation.get(3, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
if (response.hasError()) {
System.out.println("Setting usage export bucket failed ! ! " + response);
return;
}
System.out.println("Operation Status: " + response.getStatus());
}
}确认服务器是否使用默认前缀值 usage_gce：
import com.google.api.gax.longrunning.OperationFuture;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Operation;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Project;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ProjectsClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.UsageExportLocation;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
// Retrieve Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
// Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used
// to generate report file names.
public static UsageExportLocation getUsageExportBucket(String project) throws IOException {
try (ProjectsClient projectsClient = ProjectsClient.create()) {
// Get the usage export location for the project from the server.
Project projectResponse = projectsClient.get(project);
// Replace the empty value returned by the API with the default value
// used to generate report file names.
if (projectResponse.hasUsageExportLocation()) {
UsageExportLocation usageExportLocation = projectResponse.getUsageExportLocation();
// Verify that the server explicitly sent the optional field.
if (usageExportLocation.hasReportNamePrefix()) {
String reportNamePrefix = usageExportLocation.getReportNamePrefix();
if (reportNamePrefix.length() == 0) {
// Although the server explicitly sent the empty string value,
// the next usage report generated with these settings still has the default
// prefix value "usage_gce".
// (see, https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
reportNamePrefix = "usage_gce";
System.out.println(
"Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`.");
}
}
return usageExportLocation;
} else {
// The usage reports are disabled.
return null;
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const bucketName = 'YOUR_BUCKET_NAME';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
const computeProtos = compute.protos.google.cloud.compute.v1;
async function setUsageExportBucket() {
const usageExportLocationResource = new computeProtos.UsageExportLocation();
usageExportLocationResource.bucketName = bucketName;
usageExportLocationResource.reportNamePrefix = reportNamePrefix;
if (!reportNamePrefix) {
// Sending an empty value for reportNamePrefix results in the next usage report being generated with the default prefix value "usage_gce".
// (see: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
console.log(
'Setting reportNamePrefix to empty value causes the report to have the default prefix value `usage_gce`.'
);
}
// Set the usage export location.
const projectsClient = new compute.ProjectsClient();
const operationsClient = new compute.GlobalOperationsClient();
let [operation] = await projectsClient.setUsageExportBucket({
project: projectId,
usageExportLocationResource,
});
while (operation.status !== 'DONE') {
[operation] = await operationsClient.wait({
operation: operation.name,
project: projectId,
});
}
}
setUsageExportBucket();确认服务器是否使用默认前缀值 usage_gce：
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function getUsageExportBucket() {
// Get the usage export location for the project from the server.
const projectsClient = new compute.ProjectsClient();
const [project] = await projectsClient.get({
project: projectId,
});
const usageExportLocation = project.usageExportLocation;
if (!usageExportLocation || !usageExportLocation.bucketName) {
// The usage reports are disabled.
return;
}
if (!usageExportLocation.reportNamePrefix) {
// Although the server explicitly sent the empty string value,
// the next usage report generated with these settings still has the default prefix value `usage_gce`.
// (see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
console.log(
'Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`.'
);
usageExportLocation.reportNamePrefix = 'usage_gce';
}
console.log(
'Returned reportNamePrefix:',
usageExportLocation.reportNamePrefix
);
}
getUsageExportBucket();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\ProjectsClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Operation;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\UsageExportLocation;
/**
* Set Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
* This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the report name prefix parameter.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
* @param string $bucketName Google Cloud Storage bucket used to store Compute Engine usage reports.
* An existing Google Cloud Storage bucket is required.
* @param string $reportNamePrefix Prefix of the usage report name which defaults to an empty string
* to showcase default values behavior.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ValidationException if local error occurs before remote call.
*/
function set_usage_export_bucket(
string $projectId,
string $bucketName,
string $reportNamePrefix = ''
) {
// Initialize UsageExportLocation object with provided bucket name and no report name prefix.
$usageExportLocation = new UsageExportLocation(array(
'bucket_name' => $bucketName,
'report_name_prefix' => $reportNamePrefix
));
if (strlen($reportNamePrefix) == 0) {
// Sending empty value for report_name_prefix results in the next usage report
// being generated with the default prefix value "usage_gce".
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/setUsageExportBucket
print('Setting report_name_prefix to empty value causes the ' .
'report to have the default value of `usage_gce`.' . PHP_EOL);
}
// Set the usage export location.
$projectsClient = new ProjectsClient();
$request = (new SetUsageExportBucketProjectRequest())
->setProject($projectId)
->setUsageExportLocationResource($usageExportLocation);
$operation = $projectsClient->setUsageExportBucket($request);
// Wait for the operation to complete.
$operation->pollUntilComplete();
if ($operation->operationSucceeded()) {
printf(
'Compute Engine usage export bucket for project `%s` set to bucket_name = `%s` with ' .
'report_name_prefix = `%s`.' . PHP_EOL,
$projectId,
$usageExportLocation->getBucketName(),
(strlen($reportNamePrefix) == 0) ? 'usage_gce' : $usageExportLocation->getReportNamePrefix()
);
} else {
$error = $operation->getError();
printf('Setting usage export bucket failed: %s' . PHP_EOL, $error?->getMessage());
}
}确认服务器是否使用默认前缀值 usage_gce：
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\ProjectsClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\GetProjectRequest;
/**
* Retrieve Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
* Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used
* to generate report file names.
*
* @param string $projectId Your Google Cloud project ID.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function get_usage_export_bucket(string $projectId)
{
// Get the usage export location for the project from the server.
$projectsClient = new ProjectsClient();
$request = (new GetProjectRequest())
->setProject($projectId);
$projectResponse = $projectsClient->get($request);
// Replace the empty value returned by the API with the default value used to generate report file names.
if ($projectResponse->hasUsageExportLocation()) {
$responseUsageExportLocation = $projectResponse->getUsageExportLocation();
// Verify that the server explicitly sent the optional field.
if ($responseUsageExportLocation->hasReportNamePrefix()) {
if ($responseUsageExportLocation->getReportNamePrefix() == '') {
// Although the server explicitly sent the empty string value, the next usage
// report generated with these settings still has the default prefix value "usage_gce".
// See https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get
print('Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`.' . PHP_EOL);
$responseUsageExportLocation->setReportNamePrefix('usage_gce');
}
}
printf(
'Compute Engine usage export bucket for project `%s` is bucket_name = `%s` with ' .
'report_name_prefix = `%s`.' . PHP_EOL,
$projectId,
$responseUsageExportLocation->getBucketName(),
$responseUsageExportLocation->getReportNamePrefix()
);
} else {
// The usage reports are disabled.
printf('Compute Engine usage export bucket for project `%s` is disabled.', $projectId);
}
}Python
from __future__ import annotations
import sys
from typing import Any
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def wait_for_extended_operation(
operation: ExtendedOperation, verbose_name: str = "operation", timeout: int = 300
) -> Any:
"""
Waits for the extended (long-running) operation to complete.
If the operation is successful, it will return its result.
If the operation ends with an error, an exception will be raised.
If there were any warnings during the execution of the operation
they will be printed to sys.stderr.
Args:
operation: a long-running operation you want to wait on.
verbose_name: (optional) a more verbose name of the operation,
used only during error and warning reporting.
timeout: how long (in seconds) to wait for operation to finish.
If None, wait indefinitely.
Returns:
Whatever the operation.result() returns.
Raises:
This method will raise the exception received from `operation.exception()`
or RuntimeError if there is no exception set, but there is an `error_code`
set for the `operation`.
In case of an operation taking longer than `timeout` seconds to complete,
a `concurrent.futures.TimeoutError` will be raised.
"""
result = operation.result(timeout=timeout)
if operation.error_code:
print(
f"Error during {verbose_name}: [Code: {operation.error_code}]: {operation.error_message}",
file=sys.stderr,
flush=True,
)
print(f"Operation ID: {operation.name}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
raise operation.exception() or RuntimeError(operation.error_message)
if operation.warnings:
print(f"Warnings during {verbose_name}:\n", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
for warning in operation.warnings:
print(f" - {warning.code}: {warning.message}", file=sys.stderr, flush=True)
return result
def set_usage_export_bucket(
project_id: str, bucket_name: str, report_name_prefix: str = ""
) -> None:
"""
Set Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the
report name prefix parameter.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the project to update.
bucket_name: Google Cloud Storage bucket used to store Compute Engine
usage reports. An existing Google Cloud Storage bucket is required.
report_name_prefix: Prefix of the usage report name which defaults to an empty string
to showcase default values behaviour.
"""
usage_export_location = compute_v1.UsageExportLocation()
usage_export_location.bucket_name = bucket_name
usage_export_location.report_name_prefix = report_name_prefix
if not report_name_prefix:
# Sending an empty value for report_name_prefix results in the
# next usage report being generated with the default prefix value
# "usage_gce". (ref: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/setUsageExportBucket)
print(
"Setting report_name_prefix to empty value causes the report "
"to have the default prefix of `usage_gce`."
)
projects_client = compute_v1.ProjectsClient()
operation = projects_client.set_usage_export_bucket(
project=project_id, usage_export_location_resource=usage_export_location
)
wait_for_extended_operation(operation, "setting GCE usage bucket")
确认服务器是否使用默认前缀值 usage_gce：
from __future__ import annotations
import sys
from typing import Any
from google.api_core.extended_operation import ExtendedOperation
from google.cloud import compute_v1
def get_usage_export_bucket(project_id: str) -> compute_v1.UsageExportLocation:
"""
Retrieve Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used
to generate report file names.
Args:
project_id: project ID or project number of the project to update.
Returns:
UsageExportLocation object describing the current usage export settings
for project project_id.
"""
projects_client = compute_v1.ProjectsClient()
project_data = projects_client.get(project=project_id)
uel = project_data.usage_export_location
if not uel.bucket_name:
# The usage reports are disabled.
return uel
if not uel.report_name_prefix:
# Although the server sent the empty string value, the next usage report
# generated with these settings still has the default prefix value
# "usage_gce". (see https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/get)
print(
"Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of "
"`usage_gce`."
)
uel.report_name_prefix = "usage_gce"
return uel
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Sets Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
# This sample presents how to interpret the default value for the
# report name prefix parameter.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the project to update.
# @param [String] bucket_name Google Cloud Storage bucket used to store Compute Engine
# usage reports. An existing Google Cloud Storage bucket is required.
# @param [String] report_name_prefix Prefix of the usage report name which defaults to an empty string
# to showcase default values behaviour.
def set_usage_export_bucket project:, bucket_name:, report_name_prefix: ""
export_location = { bucket_name: bucket_name, report_name_prefix: report_name_prefix }
if report_name_prefix.empty?
# Sending an empty value for report_name_prefix results in the
# next usage report being generated with the default prefix value
# "usage_gce". (ref: https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/reference/rest/v1/projects/setUsageExportBucket)
puts "Setting report_name_prefix to empty value causes the report " \
"to have the default prefix of `usage_gce`."
end
projects_client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Projects::Rest::Client.new
operation = projects_client.set_usage_export_bucket project: project,
usage_export_location_resource: export_location
wait_until_done operation: operation
end确认服务器是否使用默认前缀值 usage_gce：
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Retrieves Compute Engine usage export bucket for the Cloud project.
# Replaces the empty value returned by the API with the default value used
# to generate report file names.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the project to get from.
# @return [::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::UsageExportLocation] object describing the current usage
# export settings for project.
def get_usage_export_bucket project:
projects_client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Projects::Rest::Client.new
project_data = projects_client.get project: project
export_location = project_data.usage_export_location
if !export_location.nil? && export_location.report_name_prefix.empty?
puts "Report name prefix not set, replacing with default value of `usage_gce`."
export_location.report_name_prefix = "usage_gce"
end
export_location
end如需详细了解如何设置使用情况导出功能，请参阅查看使用情况报告。
处理分页
对 Compute Engine API 的某些请求会返回结果的长列表，每次调用时服务器都会将其作为较小的“页面”提供。直接与 API 进行交互时，您可以发出多个 API 请求以获取连续页面的响应。
使用 Cloud 客户端库时，这些请求只会返回迭代器。然后，您可以使用迭代器获取与初始请求相对应的所有单个结果。此过程看起来像是结果在一个长列表中返回。客户端库会静默地发出对其他页面的任何必要 API 请求，以确保迭代器自动遍历完整的结果集。
C#
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListImagesAsyncSample
{
public async Task ListImagesAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
ImagesClient client = await ImagesClient.CreateAsync();
// Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
ListImagesRequest request = new ListImagesRequest
{
Project = projectId,
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
Filter = "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED",
// MaxResults indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
MaxResults = 100
};
// Although the MaxResults parameter is specified in the request, the sequence returned
// by the ListAsync() method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
await foreach (var image in client.ListAsync(request))
{
// The result is an Image collection.
Console.WriteLine($"Image: {image.Name}");
}
}
}
您还可以使用返回对象的 pages 属性对来自 API 的分页结果的迭代进行更精细的控制。
using Google.Cloud.Compute.V1;
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
public class ListImagesPerPageAsyncSample
{
public async Task ListImagesPerPageAsync(
// TODO(developer): Set your own default values for these parameters or pass different values when calling this method.
string projectId = "your-project-id")
{
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
ImagesClient client = await ImagesClient.CreateAsync();
// Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
ListImagesRequest request = new ListImagesRequest
{
Project = projectId,
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
Filter = "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED",
// MaxResults indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
MaxResults = 10
};
// Call the AsRawResponses() method of the returned image sequence to access the page sequece instead
// This allows you to have more granular control of iteration over paginated results from the API.
// Each time you access the next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
int pageIndex = 0;
await foreach (var page in client.ListAsync(request).AsRawResponses())
{
Console.WriteLine($"Page index: {pageIndex}");
pageIndex++;
foreach (var image in page)
{
// The result is an Image collection.
Console.WriteLine($"Image: {image.Name}");
}
}
}
}
Go
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// printImagesList prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
func printImagesList(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
ctx := context.Background()
imagesClient, err := compute.NewImagesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewImagesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer imagesClient.Close()
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
req := &computepb.ListImagesRequest{
Project: projectID,
MaxResults: proto.Uint32(3),
Filter: proto.String("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"),
}
// Although the `MaxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterator returned
// by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
it := imagesClient.List(ctx, req)
for {
image, err := it.Next()
if err == iterator.Done {
break
}
if err != nil {
return err
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "- %s\n", image.GetName())
}
return nil
}
您还可以使用返回对象的 pages 属性对来自 API 的分页结果的迭代进行更精细的控制。
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"io"
compute "cloud.google.com/go/compute/apiv1"
"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
computepb "google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/cloud/compute/v1"
"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
)
// printImagesListByPage prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
// divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
func printImagesListByPage(w io.Writer, projectID string, pageSize uint32) error {
// projectID := "your_project_id"
// pageSize := 10
ctx := context.Background()
imagesClient, err := compute.NewImagesRESTClient(ctx)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("NewImagesRESTClient: %w", err)
}
defer imagesClient.Close()
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
req := &computepb.ListImagesRequest{
Project: projectID,
MaxResults: proto.Uint32(pageSize),
Filter: proto.String("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"),
}
// Use the `iterator.NewPage` to have more granular control of iteration over
// paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the
// next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
it := imagesClient.List(ctx, req)
p := iterator.NewPager(it, int(pageSize), "" /* start from the beginning */)
for page := 0; ; page++ {
var items []*computepb.Image
pageToken, err := p.NextPage(&items)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("iterator paging failed: %w", err)
}
fmt.Fprintf(w, "Page %d: %v\n", page, items)
if pageToken == "" {
break
}
}
return nil
}
Java
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient.ListPage;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ListImagesRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
// Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
public static void listImages(String project) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (ImagesClient imagesClient = ImagesClient.create()) {
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
ListImagesRequest imagesRequest = ListImagesRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setMaxResults(100)
.setFilter("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED")
.build();
// Although the `setMaxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
// by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
int imageCount = 0;
for (Image image : imagesClient.list(imagesRequest).iterateAll()) {
imageCount++;
System.out.println(image.getName());
}
System.out.printf("Image count in %s is: %s", project, imageCount);
}
}您还可以使用返回对象的 pages 属性对来自 API 的分页结果的迭代进行更精细的控制。
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.Image;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ImagesClient.ListPage;
import com.google.cloud.compute.v1.ListImagesRequest;
import java.io.IOException;
// Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
// divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
public static void listImagesByPage(String project, int pageSize) throws IOException {
// Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
// once, and can be reused for multiple requests. After completing all of your requests, call
// the `instancesClient.close()` method on the client to
// safely clean up any remaining background resources.
try (ImagesClient imagesClient = ImagesClient.create()) {
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
ListImagesRequest imagesRequest = ListImagesRequest.newBuilder()
.setProject(project)
.setMaxResults(pageSize)
.setFilter("deprecated.state != DEPRECATED")
.build();
// Use the `iteratePages` attribute of returned iterable to have more granular control of
// iteration over paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the
// next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
int pageNumber = 1;
for (ListPage page : imagesClient.list(imagesRequest).iteratePages()) {
System.out.println("Page Number: " + pageNumber++);
for (Image image : page.getValues()) {
System.out.println(image.getName());
}
}
}
}Node.js
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function listImages() {
const imagesClient = new compute.ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
const images = imagesClient.listAsync({
project: projectId,
maxResults: 3,
filter: 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED',
});
// Although the `maxResults` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
// by the `listAsync()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
// requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
for await (const image of images) {
console.log(` - ${image.name}`);
}
}
listImages();您还可以使用返回对象的 pages 属性对来自 API 的分页结果的迭代进行更精细的控制。
/**
* TODO(developer): Uncomment and replace these variables before running the sample.
*/
// const projectId = 'YOUR_PROJECT_ID';
// const pageSize = 10;
const compute = require('@google-cloud/compute');
async function listImagesByPage() {
const imagesClient = new compute.ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
const listRequest = {
project: projectId,
maxResults: pageSize,
filter: 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED',
};
const options = {
autoPaginate: false,
};
let pageNum = 1;
// Set autoPaginate option to `false` to have more granular control of
// iteration over paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the
// next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
const listCallback = (err, resources, nextPageRequest, response) => {
if (err) {
console.error(err);
return;
}
console.log(`Page ${pageNum}:`);
pageNum += 1;
for (let i = 0; i < resources.length; i++) {
console.log(resources[i].name);
}
if (response.nextPageToken) {
imagesClient.list(nextPageRequest, options, listCallback);
}
};
imagesClient.list(listRequest, options, listCallback);
}
listImagesByPage();PHP
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\ImagesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ListImagesRequest;
/**
* Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_all_images(string $projectId)
{
$imagesClient = new ImagesClient();
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
$optionalArgs = ['maxResults' => 100, 'filter' => 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED'];
/**
* Although the maxResults parameter is specified in the request, the iterateAllElements() method
* hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple requests to the API for you,
* so you can simply iterate over all the images.
*/
$request = (new ListImagesRequest())
->setProject($projectId)
->setMaxResults($optionalArgs['maxResults'])
->setFilter($optionalArgs['filter']);
$pagedResponse = $imagesClient->list($request);
print('=================== Flat list of images ===================' . PHP_EOL);
foreach ($pagedResponse->iterateAllElements() as $element) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $element->getName());
}
}您还可以使用返回对象的 pages 属性对来自 API 的分页结果的迭代进行更精细的控制。
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\Client\ImagesClient;
use Google\Cloud\Compute\V1\ListImagesRequest;
/**
* Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
* divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
*
* @param string $projectId Project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
* @param int $pageSize Size of the pages you want the API to return on each call.
*
* @throws \Google\ApiCore\ApiException if the remote call fails.
*/
function list_images_by_page(string $projectId, int $pageSize = 10)
{
$imagesClient = new ImagesClient();
$pageNum = 1;
// Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
$optionalArgs = ['maxResults' => $pageSize, 'filter' => 'deprecated.state != DEPRECATED'];
/**
* Use the 'iteratePages()' method of returned response to have more granular control of iteration over
* paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the next page, the library retrieves
* that page from the API.
*/
$request = (new ListImagesRequest())
->setProject($projectId)
->setMaxResults($optionalArgs['maxResults'])
->setFilter($optionalArgs['filter']);
$pagedResponse = $imagesClient->list($request);
print('=================== Paginated list of images ===================' . PHP_EOL);
foreach ($pagedResponse->iteratePages() as $page) {
printf('Page %s:' . PHP_EOL, $pageNum);
foreach ($page as $element) {
printf(' - %s' . PHP_EOL, $element->getName());
}
$pageNum++;
}
}Python
import google.cloud.compute_v1 as compute_v1
def print_images_list(project: str) -> str:
"""
Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
Returns:
The output as a string.
"""
images_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
images_list_request = compute_v1.ListImagesRequest(
project=project, max_results=100, filter="deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
)
output = []
# Although the `max_results` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
# by the `list()` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
# requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
for img in images_client.list(request=images_list_request):
print(f" - {img.name}")
output.append(f" - {img.name}")
return "\n".join(output)
您还可以使用返回对象的 pages 属性对来自 API 的分页结果的迭代进行更精细的控制。
import google.cloud.compute_v1 as compute_v1
def print_images_list_by_page(project: str, page_size: int = 10) -> str:
"""
Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
Args:
project: project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
page_size: size of the pages you want the API to return on each call.
Returns:
Output as a string.
"""
images_client = compute_v1.ImagesClient()
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
images_list_request = compute_v1.ListImagesRequest(
project=project, max_results=page_size, filter="deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
)
output = []
# Use the `pages` attribute of returned iterable to have more granular control of
# iteration over paginated results from the API. Each time you want to access the
# next page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
for page_num, page in enumerate(
images_client.list(request=images_list_request).pages, start=1
):
print(f"Page {page_num}: ")
output.append(f"Page {page_num}: ")
for img in page.items:
print(f" - {img.name}")
output.append(f" - {img.name}")
return "\n".join(output)
Ruby
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in given project.
#
# @param [String] project project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
def print_images_list project:
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Images::Rest::Client.new
# Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
request = {
project: project,
# max_results indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
max_results: 100,
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
filter: "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
}
# Although the `max_results` parameter is specified in the request, the iterable returned
# by the `list` method hides the pagination mechanic. The library makes multiple
# requests to the API for you, so you can simply iterate over all the images.
client.list(request).each do |image|
puts " - #{image.name}"
end
end您还可以使用返回对象的 pages 属性对来自 API 的分页结果的迭代进行更精细的控制。
require "google/cloud/compute/v1"
# Prints a list of all non-deprecated image names available in a given project,
# divided into pages as returned by the Compute Engine API.
#
# @param [String] project ID or project number of the Cloud project you want to list images from.
# @param [Number] size of the pages you want the API to return on each call.
def print_images_list_by_page project:, page_size: 10
client = ::Google::Cloud::Compute::V1::Images::Rest::Client.new
# Make the request to list all non-deprecated images in a project.
request = {
project: project,
# max_results indicates the maximum number of items that will be returned per page.
max_results: page_size,
# Listing only non-deprecated images to reduce the size of the reply.
filter: "deprecated.state != DEPRECATED"
}
# Call the each_page method of the returned enumerable to have more granular control
# of iteration over paginated results from the API. Each time you access the next
# page, the library retrieves that page from the API.
page_index = 0
client.list(request).each_page do |page|
puts "Page index: #{page_index}"
page_index += 1
page.each do |image|
puts " - #{image.name}"
end
end
end特别是 Compute Engine 还提供 aggregatedList 方法，例如 instances.aggregatedList。这些方法的分页功能类似，但会迭代键列表对。如需查看示例，请参阅列出实例。
清理
为避免因本教程中使用的资源导致您的 Google Cloud 账号产生费用，请删除包含这些资源的项目，或者保留项目但删除各个资源。
完成实验后，请按照这些清理说明进行操作，以避免虚拟机实例产生费用。
要删除 Compute Engine 实例，请运行以下命令：
- 在 Google Cloud 控制台中，转到虚拟机实例页面。
- 选中要删除的实例。
- 如需删除实例，请点击more_vert更多操作，点击删除，然后按照说明操作。
后续步骤
- 查看 API 参考文档以了解如何通过 API 执行其他任务。
自行试用
如果您是 Google Cloud 新手，请创建一个账号来评估 Compute Engine 在实际场景中的表现。新客户还可获享 $300 赠金，用于运行、测试和部署工作负载。
免费试用 Compute Engine