Storing images and artifacts

If your build produces artifacts such as container images, binaries, or tarballs, you can choose to store them in Container Registry, Cloud Storage, or any private third-party repositories.

This page explains how to store container images in Container Registry and non-container artifacts in Cloud Storage.

Storing images in Container Registry

To store a container image in Container Registry after your build completes, add an images field in your build config file, pointing to one or more images:

YAML

images: [[IMAGE_NAME], [IMAGE_NAME], ...]

Where [IMAGE_NAME] is the name of the image you want to store such as gcr.io/myproject/myimage.

JSON

{
    "images": [
    [
        "IMAGE_NAME"
    ],
    [
        "IMAGE_NAME"
    ],
    "..."
    ]
}

Where [IMAGE_NAME] is the name of the image you want to store such as gcr.io/myproject/myimage.

The following example builds a Docker image named myimage and stores it in gcr.io/myproject/:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
  args: ['build', '-t', 'gcr.io/myproject/myimage', '.']
images: ['gcr.io/myproject/myimage']

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker",
        "args": [
            "build",
            "-t",
            "gcr.io/myproject/myimage",
            "."
        ]
    }
    ],
    "images": [
        "gcr.io/myproject/myimage"
    ]
}

To store the image in Container Registry as part of your build flow, add a docker build step and pass arguments to invoke the push command:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
  args: ['push', '[IMAGE_NAME]']

Where [IMAGE_NAME] is the name of the image you want to store in Container Registry such as gcr.io/myproject/myimage.

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker",
        "args": [
            "push",
            "[IMAGE_NAME]"
        ]
    }
    ]
}

Where [IMAGE_NAME] is the name of the image you want to store in Container Registry such as gcr.io/myproject/myimage.

The following example builds a docker image named myimage and stores the image by adding another Docker build step and pushing the image to Container Registry:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
  args: ['build', '-t', 'gcr.io/myproject/myimage', '.']
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
  args: ['push', 'gcr.io/myproject/myimage']

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker",
        "args": [
            "build",
            "-t",
            "gcr.io/myproject/myimage",
            "."
        ]
    },
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker",
        "args": [
            "push",
            "gcr.io/myproject/myimage"
        ]
    }
    ]
}

The difference between using the images field and the Docker push command is that if you use the images field, the stored image will be displayed in the build results. This includes the Build description page for a build in the GCP Console, the results of Build.get(), and the results of gcloud builds list. However, if you use the Docker push command to store the built image, the image will not be displayed in the build results.

To store an image as part of your build flow and to display the image in the build results, use both the Docker push command and the images field in your build config:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
  args: ['push', '[IMAGE_NAME]']
images: ['[IMAGE_NAME]']

Where [IMAGE_NAME] is the name of the image such as gcr.io/myproject/myimage.

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker",
        "args": [
            "push",
            "[IMAGE_NAME]"
        ]
    }
    ],
    "images": [
        "[IMAGE_NAME]"
    ]
}

Where [IMAGE_NAME] is the name of the image such as gcr.io/myproject/myimage.

The following example builds a docker image named myimage and stores the image as part of the build flow and after the build completes:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
  args: ['build', '-t', 'gcr.io/myproject/myimage', '.']
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker'
  args: ['push', 'gcr.io/myproject/myimage']
images: ['gcr.io/myproject/myimage']

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker",
        "args": [
            "build",
            "-t",
            "gcr.io/myproject/myimage",
            "."
        ]
    },
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/docker",
        "args": [
            "push",
            "gcr.io/myproject/myimage"
        ]
    }
    ],
    "images": [
        "gcr.io/myproject/myimage"
    ]
}

Storing artifacts in Cloud Storage

To store non-container artifacts in Cloud Storage, add an artifacts field in your build config file with the location of the bucket to store the artifact and the path to one or more artifacts:

YAML

artifacts:
  objects:
    location: [STORAGE_LOCATION]
    paths: [[ARTIFACT_PATH],[ARTIFACT_PATH], ...]

Where,

[STORAGE_LOCATION]: A Cloud Storage bucket or a folder within the bucket where Cloud Build must store the artifact, such as gs://mybucket or gs://mybucket/some/folder.
[ARTIFACT_PATH]: Path to one or more artifacts.

JSON

{
    "artifacts": {
        "objects": {
            "location": [
                "[STORAGE_LOCATION]"
            ],
            "paths": [
            [
                "[ARTIFACT_PATH]"
            ],
            [
                "[ARTIFACT_PATH]"
            ],
            "..."
            ]
        }
    }
}

Where,

[STORAGE_LOCATION]: A Cloud Storage bucket or a folder within the bucket where Cloud Build must store the artifact, such as gs://mybucket or gs://mybucket/some/folder.
[ARTIFACT_PATH]: Path to one or more artifacts.

You can specify only one bucket to upload the artifacts and you must be the owner of the bucket. You can specify a valid directory path in the bucket.

You can upload any number of artifacts, but you can specify only up to one hundred artifact paths.

If you upload an artifact to a bucket that already has an artifact with the same name, the new artifact will replace the existing artifact. You can enable Object Versioning for your bucket if you don't want the newer artifact to replace an existing artifact with the same name.

After the build completes successfully, you can find the upload results in the JSON manifest file located at [STORAGE_LOCATION]/artifacts-$BUILD_ID.json.

The JSON manifest file has the following fields:

location: this specifies the location in Cloud Storage where an artifact is stored and is of the form gs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/[FILE_NAME]#[GENERATION_NUMBER]. You can use the generation number to uniquely identify a version of the data in Cloud Storage bucket.
file_hash: this specifies the hash type and the value. The hash type is always 2, which specifies that MD5 hash was performed.

Artifacts examples

The following examples show how you can use the Artifacts field in a build config file. In all of these examples replace [VALUES_IN_BRACKETS] with the appropriate values.

Uploading files and folders

The build config file below uploads helloworld.class to thegs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac'
  args: ['HelloWorld.java']
artifacts:
  objects:
    location: 'gs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/'
    paths: ['HelloWorld.class']

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac",
        "args": [
            "HelloWorld.java"
        ]
    }
    ],
    "artifacts": {
        "objects": {
            "location": "gs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/",
            "paths": [
                "HelloWorld.class"
            ]
        }
    }
}

To upload more than one artifact, specify the path to each artifact separated by a comma. The following example uploads HelloWorld.java, HelloWorld.class, and cloudbuild.yaml to gs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac'
  args: ['HelloWorld.java']
artifacts:
  objects:
    location: 'gs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/'
    paths: ['HelloWorld.java', 'HelloWorld.class', 'cloudbuild.yaml']

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac",
        "args": [
            "HelloWorld.java"
        ]
    }
    ],
    "artifacts": {
        "objects": {
            "location": "gs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/",
            "paths": [
                "HelloWorld.java",
                "HelloWorld.class",
                "cloudbuild.yaml"
            ]
        }
    }
}

You can also upload the artifacts to a valid directory path in the bucket. The following example uploads HelloWorld.java and HelloWorld.class to gs://[BUCKET_NAME]/[FOLDER_NAME]:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac'
  args: ['HelloWorld.java']
artifacts:
  objects:
    location: 'gs://[BUCKET_NAME]/[FOLDER_NAME]'
    paths: ['HelloWorld.java', 'HelloWorld.class']

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac",
        "args": [
            "HelloWorld.java"
        ]
    }
    ],
    "artifacts": {
        "objects": {
            "location": "gs://[BUCKET_NAME]/[FOLDER_NAME]",
            "paths": [
                "HelloWorld.java",
                "HelloWorld.class"
            ]
        }
    }
}

Using wildcard characters to upload more than one artifact

When uploading multiple artifacts, you can use gsutil wildcard characters in paths to specify multiple files.

The following example takes as an argument a file named classes, which contains the names of the .java files to compile. It then uploads any .class file to the specified Cloud Storage bucket:

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac'
  args: ['@classes']
artifacts:
  objects:
    location: 'gs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/'
    paths: ['*.class']

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac",
        "args": [
            "@classes"
        ]
    }
    ],
    "artifacts": {
        "objects": {
            "location": "gs://[STORAGE_LOCATION]/",
            "paths": [
                "*.class"
            ]
        }
    }
}

Using substitution variables in the bucket location

You can use substitution variables to specify a folder within the Cloud Storage bucket if the folder already exists within the bucket. The build will return an error if the folder does not exist.

The example below uploads the artifacts to a Cloud Storage path that includes the name of your GCP project from which the build was run (such as gs://mybucket/myproject/):

YAML

steps:
- name: 'gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac'
  args: ['@classes']
artifacts:
  objects:
    location: 'gs://[BUCKET_NAME]/$PROJECT_ID'
    paths: ['helloworld.class']

JSON

{
    "steps": [
    {
        "name": "gcr.io/cloud-builders/javac",
        "args": [
            "@classes"
        ]
    }
    ],
    "artifacts": {
        "objects": {
            "location": "gs://[BUCKET_NAME]/$PROJECT_ID",
            "paths": [
                "helloworld.class"
            ]
        }
    }
}

What's next

Learn how to build, test, and deploy artifacts.
Learn how to start a build manually and using triggers.

Storing images in Container Registry

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Storing artifacts in Cloud Storage

YAML

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Artifacts examples

Uploading files and folders

YAML

JSON

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JSON

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Using wildcard characters to upload more than one artifact

YAML

JSON

Using substitution variables in the bucket location

YAML

JSON

What's next

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