定位参数

使用定位参数运行查询。

深入探索

如需查看包含此代码示例的详细文档，请参阅以下内容：

• 运行参数化查询

代码示例

C#

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 C# 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery C# API 参考文档。

如需向 BigQuery 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅为客户端库设置身份验证。

using Google.Cloud.BigQuery.V2;
using System;

public class BigQueryQueryWithPositionalParameters
{
    public void QueryWithPositionalParameters(string projectId = "project-id")
    {
        var corpus = "romeoandjuliet";
        var minWordCount = 250;

        // Note: Standard SQL is required to use query parameters.
        var query = @"
                SELECT word, word_count
                FROM `bigquery-public-data.samples.shakespeare`
                WHERE corpus = ?
                AND word_count >= ?
                ORDER BY word_count DESC;";

        // Initialize client that will be used to send requests.
        var client = BigQueryClient.Create(projectId);

        // Set the name to None to use positional parameters.
        // Note that you cannot mix named and positional parameters.
        var parameters = new BigQueryParameter[]
        {
            new BigQueryParameter(null, BigQueryDbType.String, corpus),
            new BigQueryParameter(null, BigQueryDbType.Int64, minWordCount)
        };

        var job = client.CreateQueryJob(
            sql: query,
            parameters: parameters,
            options: new QueryOptions
            {
                UseQueryCache = false,
                ParameterMode = BigQueryParameterMode.Positional
            });
        // Wait for the job to complete.
        job = job.PollUntilCompleted().ThrowOnAnyError();
        // Display the results
        foreach (BigQueryRow row in client.GetQueryResults(job.Reference))
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"{row["word"]}: {row["word_count"]}");
        }
    }
}

Go

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Go 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Go API 参考文档。

如需向 BigQuery 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅为客户端库设置身份验证。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/bigquery"
	"google.golang.org/api/iterator"
)

// queryWithPostionalParams demonstrate issuing a query using positional query parameters.
func queryWithPositionalParams(w io.Writer, projectID string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := bigquery.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("bigquery.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	q := client.Query(
		`SELECT word, word_count
        FROM ` + "`bigquery-public-data.samples.shakespeare`" + `
        WHERE corpus = ?
        AND word_count >= ?
        ORDER BY word_count DESC;`)
	q.Parameters = []bigquery.QueryParameter{
		{
			Value: "romeoandjuliet",
		},
		{
			Value: 250,
		},
	}
	// Run the query and process the returned row iterator.
	it, err := q.Read(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("query.Read(): %w", err)
	}
	for {
		var row []bigquery.Value
		err := it.Next(&row)
		if err == iterator.Done {
			break
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		fmt.Fprintln(w, row)
	}
	return nil
}

Java

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Java 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Java API 参考文档。

如需向 BigQuery 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅为客户端库设置身份验证。

import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQuery;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryException;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryOptions;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.QueryJobConfiguration;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.QueryParameterValue;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.TableResult;

public class QueryWithPositionalParameters {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    queryWithPositionalParameters();
  }

  public static void queryWithPositionalParameters() {
    try {
      // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
      // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
      BigQuery bigquery = BigQueryOptions.getDefaultInstance().getService();

      String corpus = "romeoandjuliet";
      long minWordCount = 250;
      String query =
          "SELECT word, word_count\n"
              + "FROM `bigquery-public-data.samples.shakespeare`\n"
              + "WHERE corpus = ?\n"
              + "AND word_count >= ?\n"
              + "ORDER BY word_count DESC";

      // Note: Standard SQL is required to use query parameters.
      QueryJobConfiguration queryConfig =
          QueryJobConfiguration.newBuilder(query)
              .addPositionalParameter(QueryParameterValue.string(corpus))
              .addPositionalParameter(QueryParameterValue.int64(minWordCount))
              .build();

      TableResult results = bigquery.query(queryConfig);

      results
          .iterateAll()
          .forEach(row -> row.forEach(val -> System.out.printf("%s,", val.toString())));

      System.out.println("Query with positional parameters performed successfully.");
    } catch (BigQueryException | InterruptedException e) {
      System.out.println("Query not performed \n" + e.toString());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Node.js 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Node.js API 参考文档。

如需向 BigQuery 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅为客户端库设置身份验证。

// Run a query using positional query parameters

// Import the Google Cloud client library
const {BigQuery} = require('@google-cloud/bigquery');
const bigquery = new BigQuery();

async function queryParamsPositional() {
  // The SQL query to run
  const sqlQuery = `SELECT word, word_count
        FROM \`bigquery-public-data.samples.shakespeare\`
        WHERE corpus = ?
        AND word_count >= ?
        ORDER BY word_count DESC`;

  const options = {
    query: sqlQuery,
    // Location must match that of the dataset(s) referenced in the query.
    location: 'US',
    params: ['romeoandjuliet', 250],
  };

  // Run the query
  const [rows] = await bigquery.query(options);

  console.log('Rows:');
  rows.forEach(row => console.log(row));
}

Python

试用此示例之前，请按照 BigQuery 快速入门：使用客户端库中的 Python 设置说明进行操作。如需了解详情，请参阅 BigQuery Python API 参考文档。

如需向 BigQuery 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭据。 如需了解详情，请参阅为客户端库设置身份验证。

from google.cloud import bigquery

# Construct a BigQuery client object.
client = bigquery.Client()

query = """
    SELECT word, word_count
    FROM `bigquery-public-data.samples.shakespeare`
    WHERE corpus = ?
    AND word_count >= ?
    ORDER BY word_count DESC;
"""
# Set the name to None to use positional parameters.
# Note that you cannot mix named and positional parameters.
job_config = bigquery.QueryJobConfig(
    query_parameters=[
        bigquery.ScalarQueryParameter(None, "STRING", "romeoandjuliet"),
        bigquery.ScalarQueryParameter(None, "INT64", 250),
    ]
)
results = client.query_and_wait(
    query, job_config=job_config
)  # Make an API request.

for row in results:
    print("{}: \t{}".format(row.word, row.word_count))

后续步骤

如需搜索和过滤其他 Google Cloud 产品的代码示例，请参阅 Google Cloud 示例浏览器。