Consultar Hojas de cálculo con una tabla temporal

Crea una tabla temporal para consultar datos de un archivo de Hojas de cálculo de Google.

Explora más

Para obtener documentación en la que se incluye esta muestra de código, consulta lo siguiente:

Muestra de código

Java

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración para Java incluidas en la guía de inicio rápido de BigQuery sobre cómo usar bibliotecas cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de BigQuery para Java.

Para autenticarte en BigQuery, configura las credenciales predeterminadas de la aplicación. Si deseas obtener más información, consulta Configura la autenticación para bibliotecas cliente.

import com.google.auth.oauth2.GoogleCredentials;
import com.google.auth.oauth2.ServiceAccountCredentials;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQuery;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryException;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.BigQueryOptions;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.ExternalTableDefinition;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.Field;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.GoogleSheetsOptions;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.QueryJobConfiguration;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.Schema;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.StandardSQLTypeName;
import com.google.cloud.bigquery.TableResult;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
import java.io.IOException;

// Sample to queries an external data source using a temporary table
public class QueryExternalSheetsTemp {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String tableName = "MY_TABLE_NAME";
    String sourceUri =
        "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1i_QCL-7HcSyUZmIbP9E6lO_T5u3HnpLe7dnpHaijg_E/edit?usp=sharing";
    Schema schema =
        Schema.of(
            Field.of("name", StandardSQLTypeName.STRING),
            Field.of("post_abbr", StandardSQLTypeName.STRING));
    String query = String.format("SELECT * FROM %s WHERE name LIKE 'W%%'", tableName);
    queryExternalSheetsTemp(tableName, sourceUri, schema, query);
  }

  public static void queryExternalSheetsTemp(
      String tableName, String sourceUri, Schema schema, String query) {
    try {

      // Create credentials with Drive & BigQuery API scopes.
      // Both APIs must be enabled for your project before running this code.
      GoogleCredentials credentials =
          ServiceAccountCredentials.getApplicationDefault()
              .createScoped(
                  ImmutableSet.of(
                      "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/bigquery",
                      "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive"));

      // Initialize client that will be used to send requests. This client only needs to be created
      // once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
      BigQuery bigquery =
          BigQueryOptions.newBuilder().setCredentials(credentials).build().getService();

      // Skip header row in the file.
      GoogleSheetsOptions sheetsOptions =
          GoogleSheetsOptions.newBuilder()
              .setSkipLeadingRows(1) // Optionally skip header row.
              .setRange("us-states!A20:B49") // Optionally set range of the sheet to query from.
              .build();

      // Configure the external data source and query job.
      ExternalTableDefinition externalTable =
          ExternalTableDefinition.newBuilder(sourceUri, sheetsOptions).setSchema(schema).build();
      QueryJobConfiguration queryConfig =
          QueryJobConfiguration.newBuilder(query)
              .addTableDefinition(tableName, externalTable)
              .build();

      // Example query to find states starting with 'W'
      TableResult results = bigquery.query(queryConfig);

      results
          .iterateAll()
          .forEach(row -> row.forEach(val -> System.out.printf("%s,", val.toString())));

      System.out.println("Query on external temporary table performed successfully.");
    } catch (BigQueryException | InterruptedException | IOException e) {
      System.out.println("Query not performed \n" + e.toString());
    }
  }
}

Python

Antes de probar este ejemplo, sigue las instrucciones de configuración para Python incluidas en la guía de inicio rápido de BigQuery sobre cómo usar bibliotecas cliente. Para obtener más información, consulta la documentación de referencia de la API de BigQuery para Python.

Para autenticarte en BigQuery, configura las credenciales predeterminadas de la aplicación. Si deseas obtener más información, consulta Configura la autenticación para bibliotecas cliente.

from google.cloud import bigquery
import google.auth

# Create credentials with Drive & BigQuery API scopes.
# Both APIs must be enabled for your project before running this code.
#
# If you are using credentials from gcloud, you must authorize the
# application first with the following command:
#
# gcloud auth application-default login \
#   --scopes=https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive,https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform
credentials, project = google.auth.default(
    scopes=[
        "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive",
        "https://www.googleapis.com/auth/cloud-platform",
    ]
)

# Construct a BigQuery client object.
client = bigquery.Client(credentials=credentials, project=project)

# Configure the external data source and query job.
external_config = bigquery.ExternalConfig("GOOGLE_SHEETS")

# Use a shareable link or grant viewing access to the email address you
# used to authenticate with BigQuery (this example Sheet is public).
sheet_url = (
    "https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets"
    "/d/1i_QCL-7HcSyUZmIbP9E6lO_T5u3HnpLe7dnpHaijg_E/edit?usp=sharing"
)
external_config.source_uris = [sheet_url]
external_config.schema = [
    bigquery.SchemaField("name", "STRING"),
    bigquery.SchemaField("post_abbr", "STRING"),
]
options = external_config.google_sheets_options
assert options is not None
options.skip_leading_rows = 1  # Optionally skip header row.
options.range = (
    "us-states!A20:B49"  # Optionally set range of the sheet to query from.
)
table_id = "us_states"
job_config = bigquery.QueryJobConfig(table_definitions={table_id: external_config})

# Example query to find states starting with "W".
sql = 'SELECT * FROM `{}` WHERE name LIKE "W%"'.format(table_id)

query_job = client.query(sql, job_config=job_config)  # Make an API request.

# Wait for the query to complete.
w_states = list(query_job)
print(
    "There are {} states with names starting with W in the selected range.".format(
        len(w_states)
    )
)

¿Qué sigue?

Para buscar y filtrar muestras de código para otros productos de Google Cloud, consulta el navegador de muestra de Google Cloud.